Dianaとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Borrowed from Late Latin Diāna, short form of Latin Dīāna, derived by syncope from Old Latin Dīvāna, equivalent to dīvus +‎ -āna; roughly akin to Proto-Italic *deiwā (“goddess”) + Proto-Indo-European *-néh₂.

Originally an Old Italic divinity of light and the moon; later identified as the Roman counterpart to Greek goddess Artemis. Cognate of Attic Greek Διώνη (Diṓnē), similarly syncopated from older Ancient Greek Διϝωνη (Diwōnē), whence via Latin Diōne is derived English Dione used in various ways across astronomy, chemistry, biology, and as a given name. From the same root Proto-Indo-European *dyúh₃onh₂- also potentially cognate to English June via Latin Jūnō.

発音

• (英国発音, General American) IPA^(key): /daɪˈænə/
• 韻: -ænə

固有名詞

Diana

1. (Roman mythology) The daughter of Latona and Jupiter, and twin sister of Apollo; the goddess of the hunt, associated wild animals and the forest or wilderness, and an emblem of chastity; the Roman counterpart of Artemis.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 19:27:

     :

     So that not only this our craft is in danger to be set at nought; but also that the temple of the great goddess Diana should be despised, and her magnificence should be destroyed, whom all Asia and all the world worshippeth.

2. (astronomy) 78 Diana, a main belt asteroid.
3. A female given name from Latin.
   • 1605, William Camden, Remains Concerning Britain, John Russell Smith, published 1870, page 56:

     But succeeding ages (little regarding S. Chrysosthome's admonition to the contrary) have recalled prophane names, so as now Diana, Cassandra, Hyppolytus, Venus, Lais, names of unhappy disaster are as rife, as ever they were in paganism.

   • 1993, James Kirkup, Queens Have Died Young and Fair, P. Owen, →ISBN, page 94:

     A wholesome British name like Diana, Anne, Margaret or Elizabeth impresses a judge much more than all your vulgar Marilyns, Donnas, Madonnas and Dawns.

等位語

• (Eternal Virgin Goddesses): Artemis, Athena/Minerva, Hestia/Vesta

派生語

• Diana monkey

関連する語

• Di
• Diane
• Dianna
• Dianne

派生した語

• → Hawaiian: Kiana
  • → English: Kiana
• → Serbo-Croatian: Дајана, Dajana
• → Spanish: Dayana

名詞

Diana (複数形 Dianas)

1. A Diana monkey.

参考

• Cynthia
• Delia

アナグラム

• Adina, Aidan, Andai, IANAD, Ida'an, Nadia, Naiad, naiad

Latin

別の表記

• Deana, Iāna, Jāna

語源

Original form with long i Dīāna, derived by syncope from Dīvāna, equivalent to dīvus +‎ -āna; some inscriptions read Deiana or Deana, akin to deus +‎ -āna; both feminine stem words dīva and dea meaning “goddess” derived from Old Latin deiva, from Proto-Italic *deiwā from Proto-Indo-European *deywós from *dyew- (“heaven, day sky; to shine”). See Old Latin Diēspiter, a primitive form of Iuppiter, formed by appending a suffix to Latin diēs, cognate to both dīvus and deus.

Diana is also called Iāna (“Jana”), analogous to procope of Old Latin Diovis into Iovis (“Jove”).

The form Dīviāna occurs in Varro's attempt to explain the etymology of the name, with the now-discredited explanation that "quod luna in altitudinem et latitudinem simul <i>t, Diviana, appellata"; the intention seems to be to derive the name from dēviō (“stray, deviate”), from via (“road”).^[1] If Dīviāna was a genuinely used variant form (rather than a hypothetical form proposed as a precursor), it appears to represent a univerbation dīva +‎ Iāna, literally “Goddess Jana”.^[2]

Compare Attic Greek Διώνη (Diṓnē), Doric Greek Διώνᾱ (Diṓnā), syncopated from Ancient Greek Διϝωνᾱ (Diwōnā), from a shared root whence by analogical formation also evolved Latin Iūnō, Iūnōnis.

発音

• Dīāna: (Old Latin) IPA^(key): /diːˈaː.na/, [d̪iːˈäːnä]
• Diāna: (Classical) IPA^(key): /diˈaː.na/, [d̪iˈäːnä]
• Diāna: (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /diˈa.na/, [d̪iˈäːnä]

固有名詞

Dīāna or Diāna f (genitive Dīānae または Diānae); first declension

1. (religion) Diana, the daughter of Latona and Jupiter, and twin sister of Apollo; the goddess of the hunt, associated with wild animals and the forest or wilderness, and an emblem of chastity; the Roman counterpart of Greek goddess Artemis.

語形変化

Old Latin long i form Dīāna, first-declension noun

Late Latin short i form Diāna, first-declension noun

派生した語

• Eastern Romance
  • Aromanian: dzãnã, zãnã
  • Romanian: zână
• Old French: gene (“mischievous fairy”)
• Sardinian: giàna
• West Iberian
  • Asturian: xana
  • Galician: xa (“mischievous fairy”)
• →? Albanian: zanë
• ⇒ Neapolitan: janara (“witch”)

As a female given name:

• → Belarusian: Дзіяна (Dzijana)
• → Bulgarian: Диана (Diana)
• → Catalan: Diana
• → Coptic: Ⲇⲓⲁⲛⲏ (Dianē)
• → Czech: Diana
• → Danish: Diana
• → Dutch: Diana
• → English: Diana (see there for further descendants)
• → Estonian: Diana
• → Faroese: Diana
• → French: Diane (see there for further descendants)
• → German: Diana
• → Hungarian: Diána
• → Icelandic: Díana
• → Italian: Diana
• → Latvian: Diāna
• → Lithuanian: Diana
• → Macedonian: Дијана (Dijana)
• → Norwegian: Diana
• → Polish: Diana
• → Portuguese: Diana
• → Romani: Teany
• → Romanian: Diana
• → Russian: Диана (Diana)
• → Serbo-Croatian: Дијана, Dijana
• → Slovak: Diana
• → Slovene: Dijana
• → Spanish: Diana
• → Swedish: Diana
• → Ukrainian: Діана (Diana)

参照

Further reading

• “Diana”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Diana”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Diana in Georges, Karl Ernst; Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918) Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, volume 1, 8th edition, Hahnsche Buchhandlung
• Diana in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette