Minstrelとは 意味・読み方・使い方
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意味・対訳 (中世の)吟遊楽人、ミンストレル、ミンストレルショー
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「Minstrel」を含む例文一覧
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Wiktionary英語版での「Minstrel」の意味 |
minstrel
語源
The noun is derived from Middle English minstral, menestrel (“actor; juggler; mime; musician; singer; storyteller; (military) soldier playing a horn or trumpet as a signal”) [and other forms],[1] from Anglo-Norman menestrel [and other forms] and Old French menestrel (“artisan; servant; itinerant musician または poet; worker”) [and other forms] (modern French ménestrel (“minstrel”)), from Late Latin ministerialis (“official または retainer owing household かつ military service to a feudal lord, a ministerial または ministerialis”),[2] from Latin ministerium (“employment, ministration; office of a minister, ministry; action または attendance by an inferior person such as a slave, service”) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives). Ministerium is derived from minister (“accomplice; agent; aide; attendant; servant; waiter”) (probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“little, small”) + *-teros (contrastive または oppositional suffix forming adjectives)) + -ium (suffix forming abstract nouns). Doublet of ministerial and ministerialis.
The verb is derived from the noun.[3]
名詞
minstrel (複数形 minstrels) (also attributively)
- (historical) Originally, an entertainer employed to juggle, play music, sing, tell stories, etc.; a buffoon, a fool, a jester; later, a medieval (especially travelling) entertainer who would recite and sing poetry, often to their own musical accompaniment.
- 1589?, Cutbert Curry-knave [pseudonym; Thomas Nashe], An Almond for a Parrat, or Cutbert Curry-knaues Almes. […], [London: […] Eliot’s Court Press], →OCLC; republished as An Almond for a Parrot; being a Reply to Martin Mar-prelate. […] (Puritan Discipline Tracts), London: John Petheram, […], 1846, →OCLC, page 26:
- 1669, William Gurnall, “A Short Point from the Connexion of This Piece of Armour with the First; Righteousness with Truth”, in The Christian in Compleat Armour. Or, A Treatise, of the Saints VVar against the Devil; […], 5th edition, London: […] Ralph Smith, […], →OCLC, page 77, column 1:
- Should a Minſtrel ſing to a ſweet tune with her voice, and play to another with her hand that is harſh and diſpleaſing; ſuch muſick would more grate the judicious ear, than if ſhe had ſung to what ſhe plaid? Thus to ſing to truth with our judgement, and play wickedneſs with our heart and hand in our life, is more abhorring to God and all good men, than where the judgement is erroneous, as well as the life ungodly.
- 1765, Thomas Percy, compiler, “An Essay on the Ancient English Minstrels”, in Reliques of Ancient English Poetry: […], volume I, London: […] J[ames] Dodsley […], →OCLC, pages xv–xvi:
- [page xv] The Minstrels ſeem to have been the genuine ſucceſſors of the ancient Bards, who united the arts of Poetry and Muſic, and ſung verſes to the harp, of their own compoſing. […] [page xvi] [T]he Minſtrels continued a diſtinct order of men, and got their livelihood by ſinging verſes to the harp, at the houſes of the great.
- (by extension)
- (chiefly poetic) Any lyric poet, musician, or singer.
- (US, historical) One of a troupe of entertainers, often a white person who wore black makeup (blackface), to present a so-called minstrel show, being a variety show of banjo music, dance, and song (now sometimes regarded as racist).
- (by extension, slang) An amphetamine tablet, typically black, or black and white, in colour.[4]
- 1970, SAMT, page 613:
- These include dexamphetamine ( Dexedrine 'dexies ' または 'oranges'), methylamphetamine (Methedrine—'speed'), dexamphetamine combined with amylobarbitone (Drinamyl—'purple hearts' または 'blues'), amphetamine combined with dexamphetamine (Anorexine 12.5 mg - black かつ white minstrels' かつ Anorexine 20 mg—'black bombs'), phemetrazine (Preludin), diethylpropion (Tenuate), and methylphenidate (Ritalin).
- 2014, Will Self, Shark:
- Roger had always been ... libidinous, aren't we all? ... but his powerful body began to writhe with the unearthly flexions of the Kundalini spirit, and after swallowing a couple of nigger minstrels Lesley had given him he spent most of one Friday morning house meeting sitting cross-legged, clutching his crotch and chanting, My dick is God, God is my dick ... over and over again, until Zack had though he would stick my fingers in his eyes, my thumb in his third one, and tear his bloody head off! – Skinning up and smoking a little shit – this Zack hadn't minded, and with two or three residents, in the right surroundings and carefully guided, he believed LSD could have therapeutic benefits.
派生語
- minstrelesque
- minstreless (まれに)
- minstrel gallery, minstrels' gallery
- minstrelry
- minstrelship (廃れた用法, まれに)
- minstrel show
- minstrelsy
参考
動詞
minstrel (三人称単数 現在形 minstrels, 現在分詞 minstreling または minstrelling, 過去形および過去分詞形 minstreled または minstrelled) (also figuratively)
- (transitive) To play (a tune on a musical instrument); to sing (a song).
- 1858, J[ohn] F[razer] Corkan, An Hour Ago: Or Time in Dreamland. A Mystery, London: Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, & Roberts, →OCLC, page 93:
- 1896, M[atthew] P[hipps] Shiel, “Part II—Shape III: Phorfor”, in Shapes in the Fire: Being a Mid-winter-night’s Entertainment in Two Parts and an Interlude (The Keynotes Series; 29), London: John Lane, […]; Boston, Mass.: Roberts Bros., →OCLC, page 276:
- And instantly from the depts of the black recesses behind the reredos of the altar there slid like slanting light-rays through the air a little creature, a tenuous grey bird, an embodied breeze, a flash of life. It settled, still minstreling its luted sibboleth, to a fluttering rest in the panting bosom of Areta.
- 1997 spring–summer, Peter Hudson, “Editor’s Note: In the Country of the Snow Blind”, in West Coast Line: A Journal of Contemporary Writing and Criticism, volume 31, number 1, Burnaby, B.C.: Department of English, Simon Fraser University, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 5; quoted in George Elliott Clarke, “Embarkation: Discovering Africa-Canadian Literature”, in Odysseys Home: Mapping African-Canadian Literature, Toronto, Ont.; Buffalo, N.Y.: University of Toronto Press, 2002, →ISBN, note 5, page 19:
- [The sense that African Canadians began to appear about the time that Pierre Elliott Trudeau became prime minister of Canada in 1968] has lead [sic] to the perception that black [Canadian] writing, minstreling the pioneer mythologies of survival, simply records the struggle of (West Indian) immigrants against a cold, white, bitterly racist Canada.
- (intransitive) To act as a minstrel; to entertain by playing a musical instrument, singing, etc.
- 1872 March 26, Peter Barrow, “Correspondence. Lightening Ships over Yenicalee Bar.”, in The Nautical Magazine. A Journal of Papers on Subjects Connected with Maritime Affairs, volume XLI (New Series), London: Simpkin, Marshall and Co. […]; and J. D. Potter, […], published June 1872, →OCLC, page 492:
- [T]here are hotels in Kertch, the keepers of which bring over a band of musicians, singing men and singing women, especially the latter, every year for the amusement of [ship] masters, who, […] lavishly distribute bottles of champagne, and other delicacies, to these minstreling angels—women, and pay away their roubles as if they were coppers.
- 2012, Paul Doherty, “The Physician’s Tale”, in The Midnight Man: The Physician’s Tale of Mystery and Murder as He Goes on a Pilgrimage from London to Canterbury, Sutton, Surrey: Crème de la Crime, Severn House Publishers, →ISBN, part 5, page 138:
- Cutwolf was not just acting the troubadour, the jongleur, the travelling minstrel, he was also Beauchamp's spy. […] Once he'd finished minstrelling, he would invite others to make their contribution about life along the alleyways of Dowgate and the surrounding wards. Everyone was eager to participate and, in anticipation during the day, garner as much tittle-tattle and gossip as possible.
派生語
- minstreling, minstrelling (noun)
参照
- ^ “minstral, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ^ “minstrel, n.”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, March 2021; “minstrel, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “minstrel, v.”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, March 2019.
- ^ Jonathon Green (2023), “minstrel n.”, in Green's Dictionary of Slang
Further reading
- minstrel on Wikipedia.
- minstrel (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.
アナグラム
- meltrins
Weblio例文辞書での「Minstrel」に類似した例文 |
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「Minstrel」を含む例文一覧
該当件数 : 21件
a man at one end of line of performers in a minstrel show発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
ミンストレル・ショーの出演者の列の一方の端にいる男性 - 日本語WordNet
the performer in the middle of a minstrel line who engages the others in talk発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
ミンストレルショーで中央に立ち他者と掛け合いをする芸人 - 日本語WordNet
Kataribon was told by a vision-impaired biwa-playing minstrel, who belonged to Todo-za.発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
語り本は当道座に属する盲目の琵琶法師によって琵琶平家琵琶を弾きながら語られた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
It is a biwa which has transformed into a biwa-playing minstrel, and a kind of Tsukumo-gami (gods to a variety of things).発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
琵琶が琵琶法師に変化した姿であり、付喪神(器物が変化した妖怪)の一種とされる。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
In the past, it had been considered that kataribon group spread by a biwa-playing minstrel was added in order to change it into a reading material.発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
従来は、琵琶法師によって広められた語り本系を読み物として見せるために加筆されていったと解釈されてきた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
One theory said that he was a blind biwa-playing minstrel, but another said that he was not blind, just a beggar.発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
盲目の琵琶法師だったという説もあり、一方で盲人ではなく、単に乞食であるとする伝承もある。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
The body looks like a human being, but its head is biwa, and it carries a walking stick with eyes closed like the blind biwa-playing minstrel.発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
体形は人間のようだが、頭部は琵琶であり、盲目の琵琶法師のように目を閉じて杖をついている。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
He was a monk of Shosha-zan Mountain in Banshu, which is an old name for part of Hyogo prefecture, until he reached his middle age, but suddenly lost his eyesight, and became a biwa-playing minstrel.発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
中年まで播州(兵庫県)書写山の僧であったが、急に失明し琵琶法師となった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
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