研究社 新英和中辞典

able

音節a・ble 発音記号/éɪbl/

【形容詞】

(a・bler; a・bl・est)

1 【叙述的用法の形容詞】 〔+to do〕〈…することが〉できて，〈…し〉えて 《★【用法】 (1) 通例生物の主語に用いる. (2) can の代わりに用いるが，特に can に未来形・完了形がないので，will [shall] be able to，have [has，had] been able to で補充する; また，can の過去形は could だが，仮定などの意味にも用いるので，was [were] able to が好まれる. (3) この意味のときの比較級は better [more] able to…than… となる》.

用例

I wasn't able to solve the riddle. 私はそのなぞを解くことができなかった. Will you be able to visit me tomorrow? あなたは明日私を訪ねることができるでしょうか.

2 a (事を行なうのに)有能な，腕ききの 《★【類語】 able は事を行なうのに必要な，またはすぐれた能力を持つ; capable はある事をするのに必要な実際的な能力を持つ; competent は特定の仕事をするのに十分な能力を持つ》.

用例

an able teacher 有能な教師. ⇒able seaman.

b [the able; 名詞的に，集合的に; 複数扱い] 有能な人たち.

【語源】

ラテン語「適切な」の意; 【名詞】 ability，【動詞】 enable

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‐able

音節‐a・ble 発音記号/əbl/

【接尾辞】

[形容詞語尾]

1 [他動詞に自由につけて] …できる，…するに適する，…するに足る.

用例

usable, eatable, lovable.

2 [名詞につけて] …に適する，…を好む.

用例

marriageable, peaceable.

>>英語の形容詞一覧 >>「中学以上の水準の形容詞」の一覧

ハイパー英語辞書

-able

【接尾辞】

[主に動詞・不可算名詞の後に付けて] 「…できる」「…に適した」「…を持った」「…を好む」「…しがちな」の意の形容詞を作る《◆動詞に付いた場合は, 意味は受身》

印欧語根
-tro-	-tlo-, -dhro-, -dhlo-の異形。（-ability,-ableなど）

接尾辞
-able	動詞、名詞などについて「…できる」の意の形容詞を造る

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able

【形容詞】

1 〈人が〉(現実に)…することができる, …する能力がある

2 〈人が〉有能な；[通例限定]〈行為などが〉有能ぶりを示す

3 〔法律〕〔…する〕法的資格[能力]がある〔to do〕

用例

You must be able to speak French for this job.

印欧語根
ghabh-	1.与えることを表す（例give）。 2.受け取ることを表す（例gift）。

途中遷移語
habe^re	ラテン語	持つ、支える、持っている、触れる、扱う

機械工学英和和英辞典

ABLE (activity balance line evaluation)

軍事活動平衡線評価

ライフサイエンス辞書

able

****

できる

関連語

can, possible

用例

be able to do [〜することができる]

It is able to perform both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in patients with multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis. (Curr Opin Ophthalmol)

TGF-beta signalling is mediated by two types of serine/threonine kinase receptors which are able to form a heteromeric complex. (Nature)

The PH domain has been demonstrated to be able to interact with beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins and phospholipids. (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA)

Both DsbAd and DsbA are able to form a mixed disulfide with DsbB. (Proc Natl Acad Sci USA)

He was able to define new problems with clarity and by doing so open up new research directions. (Annu Rev Genet)

ableの共起表現

日本語WordNet(英和)

able

【形容詞】

1

何かをするのに必要な方法、技能またはノウハウまたは権利を持っている

(having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something)

able to swim 泳ぐことができる she was able to program her computer 彼女はコンピュータをプログラムできた we were at last able to buy a car 私たちはやっと車を買うことができた able to get a grant for the project プロジェクトのために補助金を得ることができる

2

生来の物理的または精神的能力または可能性を持つ

(having inherent physical or mental ability or capacity)

able to learn 学ぶことできる human beings are able to walk on two feet 人間は2本の足で歩くことができる Superman is able to leap tall buildings スーパーマンは高い建物を飛び越えることができる

3

物事をよく行う技術および資格を持っている

(have the skills and qualifications to do things well)

able teachers 有能な教師 a capable administrator 有能な管理者 children as young as 14 can be extremely capable and dependable 14才ぐらいで幼く、非常に能力があり、信頼できる子供たち

4

強く健康な体を持つ

(having a strong healthy body)

an able seaman 熟練船員 every able-bodied young man served in the army すべての強壮な青年が服役した

>>「able」に関する類語一覧

日英固有名詞辞典

Able

人名

名前 アベル

Weblio英語表現辞典

able

訳語 できている

斎藤和英大辞典

able

切れる；手腕

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Able

一と廉；有為

Weblio英和対訳辞書

-able

可き

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able

腕がいい, 腕が良い, 腕がよい, 腕っこき, 腕っ扱き, 有能, 敏腕, 腕こき, 腕扱き, 腕利き, 腕きき, 有為

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able

技能のある, 甲斐性のある, 技量のある, 〈腕の〉・確かな, 力量のある, 腕のある, 有能な, 腕利きの, 敏腕な, 才のある, 手腕のある, 実力のある

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Wiktionary英語版

able

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2013/04/04 17:24 UTC 版)

別の表記

• (廃れた用法) hable

発音

• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈeɪ.bl̩/, X-SAMPA: /eIbl=/, /eIb@l/
• 韻: -eɪbəl
• Homophone: Abel

語源 1

From Middle English, from Old Northern French able, variant of Old French abile, habile, from Latin habilis (“easily managed, held, または handled; apt; skillful”), from habeō (“have, hold”).

形容詞

able (comparative abler, superlative ablest)

1. (obsolete, passive) Easy to use. [Attested from around (1350 to 1470) until the mid 18^th century.]^[1]
   • 1710, Thomas Betterton, The life of Mr. Thomas Betterton, the late eminent tragedian.:

     As the hands are the most habil parts of the body...

2. (obsolete, passive) Suitable; competent. [Attested from around (1350 to 1470) until the late 18^th century.]^[1]
   • 2006, Jon L. Wakelyn, America's Founding Charters: Primary Documents of Colonial and Revolutionary Era Governance, Volume 1, Greenwood Publishing Group, pages 212:

     ...and for every able man servant that he or she shall carry or send armed and provided as aforesaid, ninety acres of land of like measure.

3. (obsolete, dialectal, passive) Liable to. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]^[1]
4. Having the necessary powers or the needed resources to accomplish a task. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]^[1]
5. Free from constraints preventing completion of task; permitted to; not prevented from. [First attested from around 1350 to 1470).]^[1]

   I’ll see you as soon as I’m able.

   With that obstacle removed, I am now able to proceed with my plan.

   I’m only able to visit you when I have other work here.

   That cliff is able to be climbed.

6. (obsolete, dialectal) Having the physical strength; robust; healthy. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]^[1]

   After the past week of forced marches, only half the men are fully able.

7. (obsolete) Rich; well-to-do. [Attested from the mid 16^th century until the late 19^th century.]^[1]

   He was born to an able family.

8. Gifted with skill, intelligence, knowledge, or competence. [First attested in the mid 16^th century.]^[1]

   The chairman was also an able sailor.

9. (law) Legally qualified or competent. [First attested in the early 18^th century.]^[1]

   He is able to practice law in six states.

10. (nautical) Capable of performing all the requisite duties; as an able seaman. [First attested in the late 18^th century.]^[1]

同意語

• See also Wikisaurus:skillful

派生語

terms derived from able (adjective)

ability -able able-bodied able seaman ableism be able, be able to

capable disable disabled disablism disability enable

語源 2

From Middle English ablen, from Middle English able (adjective).^[2]

動詞

able (三人称単数 現在形 ables, 現在分詞 abling, 過去形および過去分詞形 abled)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To make ready. [Attested from around (1150 to 1350) until the late 16^th century.]^[1]
2. (transitive, obsolete) To make capable; to enable. [Attested from around (1350 to 1470) until the late 19^th century.]^[1]
3. (transitive, obsolete) To dress. [Attested from around (1350 to 1470) until the late 15^th century.]^[1]
4. (transitive, obsolete) To give power to; to reinforce; to confirm. [Attested from around (1350 to 1470) until the mid 17^th century.]^[1]
5. (transitive, obsolete) To vouch for; to guarantee. [Attested from the late 16^th century until the early 17^th century.]^[1]
   • 1605, William Shakespeare, The Tragedy of King Lear, Act IV vi

     None does offend, none....I’ll able ’em.

派生語

• abled

語源 3

名詞

able (uncountable)

1. A word that is used in place of the letter "A" during communication.

速記

• Gregg (Version: Centennial,Series 90,DJS,Simplified,Anniversary,Pre-Anniversary): a - b - l

統計情報

• Most common English words before 1923: care · war · short · #391: able · five · need · met

参照

1. ↑ ^{1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14} 2003 [1933], Brown, Lesley editor, The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, edition 5th, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-860575-7, page 5:
2. ^ 1976 [1909], Gove, Philip Babcock editor, Webster's Third International Dictionary of the English Language Unabridged, Springfield, MA: G. & C. Merriam Co., ISBN 0-87779-101-5, page 4:

アナグラム

• Abel, albe, bale, Elba

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-able

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2013/03/23 19:22 UTC 版)

別の表記

• -ible (not productive)

語源

• From Middle English, from Old French, from Latin -ābilis, from -a- or -i- + bilis ("capable または worthy of being acted upon").
• Not closely related etymologically, though currently related semantically, to able.
• Replaced native 古期英語 -bǣre ("bearing, making, worth"), from Proto-Germanic *bēriz, *bērijaz; and -lic ("like, having the quality of"), from Proto-Germanic *-līkaz.
• Compare German -bar, Dutch -baar.

発音

• (米国発音) IPA: /ə.bl̩/, X-SAMPA: /@b@l/

接尾辞

-able

1. An adjectival suffix; forms adjectives meaning:
   1. able to be; fit to be.

      movable: able to be moved

      amendable, able to be amended

      breakable: liable to broken

      blamable, fit to be blamed

      salable, fit to be sold

   2. relevant to or suitable to, in accordance with.

      fashionable relevant to fashion

      seasonable suitable to season

   3. giving, or inclined to.

      pleasurable giving pleasure

      peaceable inclined to peace

   4. subject to.

      reportable subject to be reported

      taxable subject to be taxed

   5. due to be.

      payable due to pay

使用する際の注意点

• Originally used only on French and Latin words like, separable. Over time -able was added to stems of English verbs ending in -ate, such as educable. Finally, due to probable confusion with the word able, it was used to form all sorts of adjectives from all sorts of verbs, nouns, and even verb phrases, such as kickable, get-at-able, and clubbable.
• While a terminal silent -e is usually dropped when adding a suffix beginning with a vowel, which is followed by -able, the -e is not dropped when adding -able if the root ends with a soft -ce and -ge, as in replaceable and changeable, so that these are not misinterpreted as hard ‘c’ or ‘g’ sounds. This same rule is used for -ous, as in courageous.
• The form -ible has the same senses and pronunciation. The choice between the two is somewhat idiosyncratic, but in general, -ible is used in forms derived from Latin verbs of the second, third, and fourth conjugations, and in a few words whose roots end in a soft c or g, while -able is used in all other such words, particularly those formed from Latin verbs of the first conjugation and those that come from French or from Anglo-Saxon (Old English). Fowler's English Usage recommends using -ible for simplicity's sake in any word whose root ends in a soft c or g to avoid -eable (e.g., *changible rather than changeable), but this recommendation has generally not been followed.
• A number of adjectives in -able come from verbs that do not have direct objects, but that rather are construed with prepositions. In these cases, the preposition does not appear with the adjective in -able; hence, reliable ("fit to being relied on"), laughable ("suited for laughing at"), remarkable ("fit to be remarked upon"), and so on.
• Traditionally, verbs ending in unstressed -ate drop this suffix before adding -able; hence, communicable ("able to be communicated"), eradicable ("possible to eradicate"), and so on.
• There are cases where a word with un- -able is much more common than one with just -able, such as unbreakable, unsinkable, and untouchable.

派生語

[+] English words suffixed with -able

関連する語

• ability
• able