capioとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Proto-Italic *kapjō, from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂pyéti, from the root *keh₂p- (“to seize, grab”).

Cognate with Albanian kap,^[1][2] Breton kavout, Welsh cael, English have, heave, Lithuanian kàmpt, Ancient Greek κάπτω (káptō).

別の表記

• kapiō (Early Latin)

動詞

capiō (present infinitive capere, perfect active cēpī, supine captum); third conjugation iō-variant

1. I take, I capture, I catch, I seize, I take captive, I storm

   Synonyms: expugnō, teneō, obsideo, retineo, comprehendō, dēprehendō, apprehendō, arripiō, prehendō, capessō, occupō, prehēnso

2. I take on, adopt

   capere consilium ― to make a resolution

   • Caesar, de Bello Gallico VII, 26:

     Cōnsilium cēpērunt ex oppidō profugere

     Adopted a design to flee from the town

3. I hold, I contain

   Synonyms: habeō, contineo, teneō, comprehendō, apprehendō, concipio

4. I occupy, I possess

   Synonyms: potior, possideō, obtineō, compleō, adipīscor, apprehendō, teneō, comprehendō, obsideō

5. I take hold of, I take possession of, I possess

   Metus mē cēpit. ― Fear took hold of me.

6. I take in, I comprehend, I understand

   Synonyms: apprehendō, comprehendō, dēprehendō, accipiō, cognōscō, concipiō, teneō, apīscor, complector, excipiō, exaudiō, cōnsequor

   Antonyms: nesciō, ignōrō

7. I choose, select, elect

   Synonyms: legō, dēligō, ēligō, optō, adoptō, dēsūmō, dēstinō, sēpōnō, sūmō, creō

8. I reach (usually indicates traveling by sea)
9. I take in, I receive
10. I get, I receive (said of property, value, money)
11. I captivate, I charm, I fascinate, I enchant

    Synonyms: indūcō, sēdūcō, dēdūcō, sollicitō, persuādeō, alliciō, pelliciō

Conjugation

¹At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").

派生語

派生した語

語源 2

From the above verb + -iō.

名詞

capiō f (genitive capiōnis); third declension

1. A taking
2. (law) The right of property acquired by prescription.

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

同意語

• (a taking): captus

参照

• “capio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “capio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• capio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be unable to sleep: somnum capere non posse
    
  • to begin with a thing: initium capere; incipere ab aliqua re
    
  • to derive (great) profit , advantage from a thing: fructum (uberrimum) capere, percipere, consequi ex aliqua re
    
  • to suffer loss, harm, damage: detrimentum capere, accipere, facere
    
  • to derive pleasure from a thing: voluptatem ex aliqua re capere or percipere
    
  • to infer by comparison, judge one thing by another: coniecturam alicuius rei facere or capere ex aliqua re
    
  • to form a plan, make a resolution: consilium capere, inire (de aliqua re, with Gen. gerund., with Inf., more まれに ut)
    
  • I am undecided..: incertus sum, quid consilii capiam
    
  • I forget something: oblivio alicuius rei me capit
    
  • to take a lesson from some one's example: sibi exemplum sumere ex aliquo or exemplum capere de aliquo
    
  • to take pleasure in a thing: laetitiam capere or percipere ex aliqua re
    
  • to be vexed about a thing: dolorem capere (percipere) ex aliqua re
    
  • to take courage: animum capere, colligere
    
  • to be touched with pity: misericordia moveri, capi (De Or. 2. 47)
    
  • the house is not large enough for all: domus non omnes capit (χωρειν)
    
  • to take food: cibum sumere, capere
    
  • let the consuls take measures for the protection of the state: videant or dent operam consules, ne quid res publica detrimenti capiat (Catil. 1. 2. 4)
    
  • to take up one's arms: arma capere, sumere
    
  • to occupy a position (with troops): capere, occupare locum
    
  • to capture horses: capere equos
    
  • to take, storm a town: oppidum capere, expugnare
    
  • to take to flight: fugam capessere, capere
    
  • to take a person alive: capere aliquem vivum
    
  • to capture a boat: navem capere, intercipere, deprehendere
    
  • (ambiguous) bare-headed: capite aperto (opp. operto)
    
  • (ambiguous) with head covered: capite obvoluto
    
  • (ambiguous) to be blind: oculis captum esse (vid. sect. IV. 6., note auribus, oculis...)
    
  • (ambiguous) to be affected by disease in every limb; to be paralysed: omnibus membris captum esse
    
  • (ambiguous) to be overcome by sleep: somno captum, oppressum esse
    
  • (ambiguous) to recklessly hazard one's life: in periculum capitis, in discrimen vitae se inferre
    
  • (ambiguous) to be out of one's mind: mente captum esse, mente alienata esse
    
  • (ambiguous) to be fired with love: amore captum, incensum, inflammatum esse, ardere
    
  • (ambiguous) to subtract something from the capital: de capite deducere (vid. sect. XII. 1, note Notice too...) aliquid
    
  • (ambiguous) to condemn some one to death: capitis or capite damnare aliquem
    
  • (ambiguous) to repeal a death-sentence passed on a person: capitis absolvere aliquem
    
  • (ambiguous) Solon made it a capital offence to..: Solo capite sanxit, si quis... (Att. 10. 1)
    
  • (ambiguous) to suffer capital punishment: supplicio (capitis) affici