flagonとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

A 16th-century birchwood flagon (sense 1) for ale.^{[n 1]}

A 19th-century flagon (sense 1) of silver gilt, ruby glass, enamels, and stones, designed by John Hardman Powell for holding Holy Communion wine.^{[n 2]}

From Middle English flagon, flakon [and other forms],^[1] from Middle French flacon, Old French flacon, flascon (“flask”) (modern French flacon (“vial”)), from Medieval Latin flascōnem,^[2] the accusative singular of Late Latin flascō (“bottle; glass または earthenware vessel for wine; portable barrel”), from Frankish *flaska (“bottle; flask”), from Proto-Germanic *flaskǭ (“bottle; flask; vessel covered with plaiting”), from Proto-Germanic *flehtaną (“to braid, plait”) (from the practice of plaiting または wrapping bottles in straw casing), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pleḱ- (“to fold; to plait, weave”). The English word is a doublet of flacon, flask, and fiasco.

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /flæɡ(ə)n/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /flæɡən/
• 韻: -æɡən
• ハイフネーション: fla‧gon

名詞

flagon (複数形 flagons)

1. A large vessel resembling a jug, usually with a handle, lid, and spout, for serving drinks such as cider or wine at a table; specifically (Christianity), such a vessel used to hold the wine for the ritual of Holy Communion.
   • 1662, [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge: University Press, 1905, OCLC 963614346, canto II, page 43:

     Did they coyn Piss-pots, Bowls, and Flaggons, / Int' Officers of Horse and Dragoons; / And into Pikes and Musqueteers / Stamp Beakers, Cups, and Porringers?

   • 1819 June 23​, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], “Rip Van Winkle”, in The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent., number I, New York, N.Y.: […] C. S. Van Winkle, […], OCLC 1090970992, pages 75–76:

     He was naturally a thirsty soul, and was soon tempted to repeat the draught. One taste provoked another, and he reiterated his visits to the flagon so often, that at length his senses were overpowered, his eyes swam in his head, his head gradually declined, and he fell into a deep sleep. […] the flagon—"Oh ! that flagon ! that wicked flagon !" thought Rip—"What excuse shall I make to Dame Van Winkle?"

   • 1828 May 15, [Walter Scott], chapter V, in Chronicles of the Canongate. Second Series. […] (The Fair Maid of Perth), volume II, Edinburgh: […] [Ballantyne and Co.] for Cadell and Co.; London: Simpkin and Marshall, OCLC 17487293, page 160:

     Should I ever fill the throne, every Scots lad shall have his flagon in one hand, and the other around his lass's neck, and manhood shall be tried by kisses and bumpers, not by dirks and dourlachs; […]

   1. A flagon and its contents; as much as fills such a vessel.
      • c. 1599–1602, William Shakespeare, The Tragicall Historie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke: […] (Second Quarto), London: […] N[icholas] L[ing] […], published 1604, OCLC 760858814, [Act V, scene i]:

        A peſtilence on him for a madde rogue, a pourd a flagon of Reniſh on my head once; […]

      • 1750 September 15, Samuel Johnson, “No. [49]. Tuesday, September 4. 1750 [Julian calendar].”, in The Rambler, volume II, Edinburgh: [[…] Sands, Murray, and Cochran]; sold by W. Gordon, C. Wright, J. Yair, […], published 1750, OCLC 702676921, page 182:

        [H]e had eaten many a meal, drank many a flagon, and uttered many a reproach; […] [Epitaph of Timocreon of Rhodes.]

2. (archaic) A large bottle for drinks such as beer, cider, or wine; also, a bottle with a cap used by travellers.
   • [1470–1485 (date produced)​, Thomas Malory, “Capitulum xiv”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book VII (in Middle English), [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, OCLC 71490786, leaf 117, verso; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, OCLC 890162034, lines 6–9, page 234:

     [G]o thou in an hermytage of myn here by⸝ and there ſhalt thow bere with the of my wyn in two flagans of ſiluer⸝ they ar of two galons⸝ and alſo two caſt of brede with fatte veneſon bake and deynte foules⸝ […]

     [G]o thou in a hermitage of mine here by, and there shalt thou bear with thee of my wine in two flagons of silver, they are of two gallons, and also two cast of bread with fat venison baked and dainty fowls, […]]

   • 1619, Michael Drayton, “[Odes.] The Sacrifice to Apollo.”, in Cyril Brett, editor, Minor Poems of Michael Drayton, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, published 1907, OCLC 71393529, lines 25–30, page 65:

     Bring forth your Flaggons (fill'd with sparkling Wine) / Whereon swolne Bacchvs, crowned with a Vine, / Is grauen, and fill out, / It well bestowing, / To eu'ry Man about, / In Goblets flowing: […]

   • 1955 October 20, J[ohn] R[onald] R[euel] Tolkien, “Minas Tirith”, in The Return of the King: Being the Third Part of The Lord of the Rings […], New York, N.Y.: Ballantine Books, published December 1978, →ISBN, book V, page 39:

     They got there bread, and butter, and cheese and apples; the last of the winter store, wrinkled but sound and sweet; and a leather flagon of new-drawn ale, and wooden platters and cups.

   1. The amount that such a bottle holds, about 1.13 litres.

別の表記

• flaggon (古風な用法)

派生語

参考

Notes

参照