研究社 新英和中辞典

fourth estate

アクセントfóurth estáte

【名詞】

[the fourth estate; しばしば F E] 第四階級，言論界，新聞記者連 《★【解説】 元は 《戯言》 で聖職者・貴族・平民の 3 階級に次ぐ新興の勢力という意味; ⇒estate 4》.

日本語WordNet(英和)

fourth estate

【名詞】

1

ジャーナリスト、新聞記者、カメラマンを含むプレス

(the press, including journalists, newspaper writers, photographers)

>>「fourth estate」に関する類語一覧

EDR日英対訳辞書

fourth estate

プロレタリヤ；プロレタリアート；第四階級；プロレタリア；プロ；プロレタリヤート

クロスランゲージ 37分野専門語辞書

Fourth Estate

新聞界; 言論出版界; 第四階級

Weblio英和対訳辞書

fourth estate

言論界

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Fourth Estate

四権

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Wiktionary英語版

fourth estate

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2008/04/22 10:02 UTC 版)

語源

The three (in England) estates were originally the three classes of people who could participate in government, either directly or by electing representatives – originally the clergy, barons/knights, and the commons (though they changed over time). Later the "three estates" were misunderstood as being the three governmental powers necessary for legislation: the Crown, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons; from there, the idea of a "fourth estate" was often used in satirical or jocular expressions, before developing a fixed association with the Press.

名詞

fourth estate (uncountable)

1. (obsolete) A hypothetical fourth class of civic subjects, or fourth body (in Britain, after the Crown, かつ the two Houses of Parliament) which governed legislation.
   • 1603, John Florio, translating Michel de Montaigne, Folio Society 2006, vol. 1 p. 104:

     What is more barbarous than to see a nation [...] where justice is lawfully denied him, that hath not wherewithall to pay for it; and that this merchandize hath so great credit, that in a politicall government there should be set up a fourth estate [tr. quatriesme estat] of Lawyers, breathsellers and pettifoggers [...].

2. (idiomatic) Journalism or journalists considered as a group; the Press.

参考

• Fleet Street