pereoとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.re.oː/, [ˈpɛreoː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.re.o/, [ˈpɛːreo]

動詞

pereō (present infinitive perīre, perfect active periī または perīvī, supine peritum); irregular conjugation, irregular, impersonal in the passive

1. I perish, pass away, die, be ruined
   • 43 BCE – c. 17 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.267-268:

     ‘flōrē semel laesō pereunt viciaecque fabaeque,
     et pereunt lentēs, advena Nīle, tuae.’

     “Once the blossom has been damaged, the vetches and the beans perish, and your lentils perish, oh foreign [River] Nile.”
     (The poetic voice is that of Flora (mythology).)

   Synonyms: morior, dēcēdō, exspīrō, dēficiō, occidō, dēfungor, occumbō, excēdō, discēdō, intereō, cadō, obeō, perdor

2. I vanish, disappear, come to nothing.

   Synonyms: cedō, discedō, decēdō, concēdō, excēdō, intereō

   Antonyms: crescō, exorior, orior, coorior, oborior, appāreō, pāreō, ēmergō, procedō

3. I leak; I am absorbed.
4. I pine away with love.

Conjugation

Irregular, like eō (“go”), which it compounds. The perfect is usually contracted to periī, but occasionally appears as perīvī.

等位語

• perdō

派生語

• compereō
• dēpereō
• dispereō
• perītiō

派生した語

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: chiriri
  • Romanian: pieri
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: perire
  • Sicilian: piriri
• North Italian:
  • Friulian: perî
  • Romansch: perir, prir
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: perir
  • Occitan: perir
  • Old French: perir
    • Middle French: perir
      • French: périr
    • → Middle English: perishen (via the stem periss-)
      • English: perish
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: [Term?]
    • Galician: perecer
    • Portuguese: perecer
  • Old Spanish: perir ⇒ peresçer
    • Spanish: perecer
  • → Basque: peritu

参照

• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “perīre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 8: Patavia–Pix, page 247

Further reading

• “pereo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “pereo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• pereo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to die of starvation: fame confici, perire, interire
    
  • to die a natural death: morbo perire, absūmi, consūmi
    
  • I'm undone! it's all up with me: perii! actum est de me! (Ter. Ad. 3. 2. 26)
    
  • the book has been lost: liber intercidit, periit
    
  • they perished to a man: ad unum omnes perierunt