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意味・対訳 削減、経費節減、節約、短縮、縮小、削除
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「retrenchment」を含む例文一覧
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curtailment of expenditures―financial retrenchment発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
経費節減 - 斎藤和英大辞典
reduction of expenditure―retrenchment of expenditure―financial retrenchment発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
経費節減 - 斎藤和英大辞典
In addition, it tried to put the local communities back on their feet by carrying out drastic fiscal retrenchment as well as starting the Movement for Local Community Improvement.発音を聞く 例文帳に追加
また、徹底した緊縮財政とともに地方改良運動を起こして地方の立て直しを図った。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
To provide a power recovery circuit control method for enhancing a retrenchment ratio of power for addressing drive in a PDP display device.例文帳に追加
PDP表示装置におけるアドレス駆動用電力の節減率を高めるような電力回収回路制御方法を提供することである。 - 特許庁
To provide a display device using a single-panel diffractive light modulator, which configures a filter system doing without a Fourier lens by separating the filter system sufficiently far from the diffractive light modulator, and thereby attains miniaturization of the product and retrenchment in expenses.例文帳に追加
フィルター系を回折型光変調器から充分に遠く離すことで、フーリエレンズが不要なフィルター系を構成して、製品の小型化を可能にし、費用節減を可能にする単板式回折型光変調器を利用したディスプレイ装置を提供する。 - 特許庁
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Wiktionary英語版での「retrenchment」の意味 |
retrenchment
発音
語源 1
Probably partly from both of the following:[1]
- Middle French retrenchement, retranchement (“removal of a portion from a larger whole; reduction of expenses”) (modern French retranchement (“deduction, subtraction”)), from retrancher, retranchier (“to get rid of, remove completely; to remove a portion from a larger whole; to reduce expenses; to deprive (oneself) of”) [and other forms] + -ment (suffix forming nouns usually of an action または a state resulting from an action). Retrancher and retranchier are derived from Old French re- (prefix meaning ‘again, once more’) + tranchier, trenchier (“to cut”) [and other forms] (modern French trancher (“to slice”)); the further etymology is uncertain, but one possibility is that the Old French words are from Latin truncāre, the present active infinitive of truncō (“to mutilate by cutting off pieces; to truncate”), from truncus (“tree trunk; piece cut off”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *twerḱ- (“to carve; to cut off, trim”).
- retrench (“to cut down, reduce; to reduce expenses; to make (an employee) redundant”) + -ment. Retrench is derived from Middle French retrancher, retranchier: see above.
名詞
retrenchment (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 retrenchments)
- A curtailment or reduction.
- 1960 February, R. C. Riley, “The London–Birmingham services – Past, Present and Future”, in Trains Illustrated, London: Ian Allan Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 98:
- Last year it was announced that electrification of L.M.R. main lines was to be speeded up and that it would be essential for the engineers to have the longest possible occupation of the lines involved; this would mean some retrenchment of passenger train services.
- 2018 October 28, “The Observer view on the budget and the decade of austerity”, in The Observer[1], London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 19 October 2019:
- And the retrenchment of services such as mental health and drug rehabilitation means that vulnerable people are more likely to find themselves on the street.
- (specifically) An act of reducing expenses; economizing.
- 1864 July, T[imothy] S[hay] Arthur, “My Father”, in Arthur’s Home Magazine, volume XXIV, Philadelphia, Pa.: T. S. Arthur & Sons, →OCLC, pages 23–24:
- From this time, the hand which had ever been ready to supply all our wants real or imaginary, opened less promptly at our demands. My father talked occasionally of retrenchment and economy when some of our extravagant bills came in; but we paid little heed to his remarks on this head. Where could we retrench? In what could we economize? The very idea was absurd.
- (specifically) An act of terminating the employment of a worker or making an employee redundant, often to reduce expenses; a layoff.
- (by extension) Withdrawal.
- 1973, Thomas L. Hughes, “Democracy, Diversity, and the Flight from Foreign Policy”, in Foreign Policy, number 10, →JSTOR, pages 144–5:
- Even then—10 long years ago—our disillusionment over past failures, our revulsion against moralistic posturing, our retrenchment from prescribing what was best for other people, our withdrawal symptoms from the exhilarations of overcommitment—all these argued for the perspective of diversity; for lowering our goals.
- 1999, Abner Shimony, “Can the fundamental laws of nature be the results of evolution?”, in Jeremy Butterfield; Constantine Pagonis, editors, From Physics to Philosophy, →ISBN, page 214:
- 2023, Kevin Carnahan, “Christian Realism and International Relations”, in Dallas Gingles et al., editors, The Future of Christian Realism: International Conflict, Political Decay, and the Crisis of Democracy, →ISBN, page 115:
- Given the current retrenchment of liberal internationalism, it is easy to forget that only three decades ago many believed that liberalism had attained a historically definitive victory over all alternatives.
使用する際の注意点
Sense 1.2 (“act of terminating the employment of a worker”) is common in countries like Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, and South Africa, but uncommon in Britain and the United States.[1]
語源 2
- Middle French retranchement (“defensive work”) (modern French retranchement (“entrenchment”)), from re- (prefix meaning ‘again, once more’) + tranche (“trench”) + -ment (suffix forming nouns usually of an action または a state resulting from an action); or
- retrench (“to construct one または more retrenchments; to protect using retrenchments; to fortify”) + -ment. Retrench is probably derived from Middle French retrancher, retranchier (“to fortify with trenches かつ banks”), from Old French re- + tranchier, trenchier (“to cut”); see further at etymology 1.
名詞
retrenchment (複数形 retrenchments)
- (military, dated) A defensive work constructed within a fortification to make it more defensible by allowing defenders to retreat into and fight from it even after the enemy has taken the outer work.
- 1712, H[enry] Curzon, “Of Fortification”, in The Universal Library: Or, Compleat Summary of Science. […] , volume II, London: […] George Sawbridge, […], →OCLC, page 243:
- The Half-Moon is a Work always raiſed before the Baſtion's Point, being ſo named from the Lowneſs of its Gorges Cavity, &c. and is to ſecure the Two Faces of the Baſtion; but when the Faces have but a weak Defence from the Ravelin, theſe Works are ſoon made uſeleſs or ruined, and give the Beſieged an opportunity of Lodgment, and may ſerve for Batteries and Flanks againſt the oppoſing Baſtions; however they may be retrenched by Traverſes, yet they will not fail to attack entirely in the Face, or where you have your laſt Retrenchment, alſo that called the Counterguard runs the like Hazard.
- 1747, John Muller [i.e., John Müller], “Part II. Of the Defence.”, in The Attack and Defence of Fortify’d Places. […], London: […] J. Millan, […], →OCLC, page 186:
- [I]f there is one Retrenchment in a Work, it is generally thought ſufficient; but it happens much oftener than there is none at all; ſo that one might be apt to think, a Defence like that we have been explaining is only chimerical, if the Sieges of Vienna and Candy, both by the Turks, were not inſtances of the contrary, where there was hardly an inch of Ground either within or without thoſe two Towns, as far as the Extremities of the Glacis, and even beyond them, but what was retrenched and countermined.
語源 3
Internal formation from retrench (“take up a defensive position”) + -ment, possibly reinforced by misinterpretation of Etymology 1.
名詞
retrenchment (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 retrenchments)
- (especially politics) The adoption of a defensive and hostile posture; refusal to compromise, radicalization.
- 2011, Michael Berenbaum; J. Shawn Landres, “The Passion of Christ Controversy”, in Eric Michael Mazur, editor, Encyclopedia of Religion and Film, →ISBN, page 352:
- Retrenchment—on the left and the right—led to exclusivist, mutually recriminating positions on the film that made reasoned debate almost impossible, as opponents drowned each other out with competing narratives of “victimization” and “pariah” status.
- 2017 February 23, Adam Cathcart, “How different would North Korea have been under Kim Jong-nam?”, in The Guardian:
- 2021, Michael Molavi, Collective Access to Justice: Assessing the Potential of Class Actions in England and Wales, →ISBN, page 55:
- What was once a conservative retrenchment against civil litigation in the United States has now been globalized in no small part due to the proliferation of class actions as legal transplants.
参照
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “retrenchment, n.2”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, March 2010; “retrenchment, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “retrenchment, n.1”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, March 2010.
Further reading
- layoff on Wikipedia.
- retrenchment on Wikipedia.
- retrenchment (military) on Wikipedia.
- retrenchment (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.
Weblio例文辞書での「retrenchment」に類似した例文 |
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retrenchment
「retrenchment」を含む例文一覧
該当件数 : 10件
To act always a predetermined sac pressure on a fracture part from the outer periphery toward the central direction by utilizing a retrenchment force to the longitudinal direction accumulated in a linear member for a medical treatment under an extended state and an expanding force to the diameter direction as the sac pressure.例文帳に追加
伸長状態の医療用線状部材に蓄積された長さ方向に対する緊縮力と直径方向に対する膨張力を包圧力として利用して、骨折部に対して外周から中心方向に向かって所定の包圧力を常時作用させる。 - 特許庁
In order to prevent unemployment due to unavoidable retrenchment resulting from changes in business conditions or for other economic reasons, and to ensure the stability of employment in other areas, employment adjustment subsidies will be provided to employers trying to maintain their employment of workers by temporarily suspending (as opposed to terminating)operations or by transferring employees to other organizations. (continuation)例文帳に追加
景気の変動その他経済上の理由により事業活動の縮小を余儀なくされた場合における失業の予防その他雇用の安定を図るため、休業等又は出向を行うことにより労働者の雇用維持を図る事業主に対して雇用調整助成金を支給する。(継続) - 経済産業省
The report maps the risks facing the world economy, based on each risk's anticipated loss and feasibility. Particularly dangerous risks include "2 Oil and gas price spike," "4 Slowing Chinese economy (GDP growth slowing to 6%)," "5 Fiscal crises," "6 Asset price collapse," "7 Retrenchment from globalization (developed)," "29 Pandemic (of avian influenza, etc.),"29 and "31 Chronic disease.例文帳に追加
本報告では、世界経済が直面するリスクがその予想被害額と発生可能性からマッピングされており、特に危険なのが「6.資産価格の暴落」、「7.世界経済(先進国)の収縮」、「2.石油・ガス価格の急騰」や、「31.慢性病」、「4.中国経済の景気後退(GDP成長率が年率6%へ)」、また「5.財政危機」や「29.パンデミック(鳥インフルエンザ等)」等も挙げられている29。 - 経済産業省
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