voloとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯o.loː/, [ˈu̯ɔɫ̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈvo.lo/, [ˈvɔːlo]

語源 1

From Proto-Italic *welō, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“to choose, to want”). Cognate with Sanskrit वृणीते (vṛṇīte, “to choose, prefer”), 古期英語 willan (“to will, wish, desire”). More at will.

別の表記

• voleō (Vulgar Latin)

動詞

volō (present infinitive velle, perfect active voluī); irregular conjugation, irregular, no passive, no imperative

2. I wish, I please

   Tibi bene ex animō volō.

   I wish you well with all my heart.

   Hanc rem pūblicam salvam esse volumus.

   We wish this republic to be safe.

4. I want

   Quid vīs?

   What do you want?

   Nunc, (ego) edere volō.

   Now, I want to eat.

   • c. 200 BCE – 190 BCE, Plautus, Captivi 618:

     Dō tibi operam, Aristophontēs, sī quid est quod mē velīs.

     I’m at your service, Aristophontes, if there’s anything you want of me.

5. I mean, I intend

   Et dixit ad socerum, "Quid est quod facere voluisti?

   And he said to his father-in-law: "What is it that thou didst mean to do?" (KJV Bible, Genesis 29:25)

   Quibus ad se accersitis rex ait: "Quidnam est hoc quod facere voluistis ut pueros servaretis?"

   And the king called for them, and said: "What is it that you meant to do, that you would save the men children?" (KJV Bible, Exodus 1:18)

6. I am willing, I consent
7. I am going to, I intend, I am about to, I am on the point of

使用する際の注意点

Nōn velle is used in place of nōlle in the second person present indicative active forms and the third person singular present indicative active.

Conjugation

While it does have third conjugation forms, this verb is irregular. In Romance, it was regularized into a second conjugation verb *voleō (present infinitive *volēre), apparently based on the present participle volēns (that is probably inherited, like iēns from Proto-Italic *jents, かつ also the model for the formation of the perfect voluī), just like most forms of possum were regularized to fit a second conjugation stem *potē-. Its present infinitive, velle, descends from the athematic infinitive form Proto-Italic *wel-zi (*-zi being the source of the usual infinitive ending -re as well). The second person singular present form vīs is suppletive and belongs to the root Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to strive after, pursue”); the original form appears to be preserved as the conjunction vel (from Proto-Italic *wel-s).

派生語

派生した語

(See voleō.)

語源 2

From Proto-Italic *gʷelāō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelh₁-éh₂-ye-ti (“to throw, raise the arm”), from *gʷelH- (“to throw”).^[1]

動詞

volō (present infinitive volāre, perfect active volāvī, supine volātum); first conjugation, impersonal in the passive

2. to fly

   動詞a volant, scrīpta manent.

   Words fly, writings remain.

Conjugation

派生語

派生した語

参照

• “volo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “volo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• volo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be favourably disposed towards: alicuius causa velle or cupere
    
  • convince yourself of this; rest assured on this point: sic volo te tibi persuadere
    
  • he attained his object: id quod voluit consecutus est
    
  • he attained his object: ad id quod voluit pervenit
    
  • what is the meaning of this: quid hoc sibi vult?
    
  • to let those present fix any subject they like for discussion: ponere iubere, qua de re quis audire velit (Fin. 2. 1. 1)
    
  • to wish to speak to some one: velle aliquem (Plaut. Capt. 5. 2. 24)
    
  • a word with you: paucis te volo
    
  • a word with you: tribus verbis te volo
    
  • (ambiguous) the frost set in so severely that..: tanta vis frigoris insecuta est, ut
    
  • (ambiguous) vivid, lively imagination: ingenii vis or celeritas
    
  • (ambiguous) what do you mean to do: quid tibi vis?
    
  • (ambiguous) oratorical power: vis dicendi
    
  • (ambiguous) what is the meaning, the original sense of this word: quae est vis huius verbi?
    
  • (ambiguous) the fundamental meaning of a word: vis et notio verbi, vocabuli
    
  • (ambiguous) enthusiasm: ardor, inflammatio animi, incitatio mentis, mentis vis incitatior
    
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 687