wrackとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English wrake, wrache, wreche, from a merger of 古期英語 wracu, wræc (“misery, suffering”) and 古期英語 wrǣċ (“vengeance, revenge”). See also wrake.

名詞

wrack (複数形 wracks)

1. (archaic, dialectal or literary) Vengeance; revenge; persecution; punishment; consequence; trouble.
2. (archaic, except in dialects) Ruin; destruction.
   • c. 1593, Christopher Marlowe, Hero and Leander‎^[1], page 7:

     Therefore, in sign her treasure suffered wrack,
     Since Hero's time hath half the world been black.

3. The remains; a wreck.
   • 2011, John Jeremiah Sullivan, "Mr. Lytle: An Essay", in Pulphead:

     Lytle was already moaning in shame, fallen back in bed with his hand across his face like he'd just washed up somewhere, a piece of wrack.

別の表記

• wrake (廃れた用法)

派生語

• wrack and ruin

動詞

wrack (三人称単数 現在形 wracks, 現在分詞 wracking, 過去形および過去分詞形 wracked)

1. (UK dialectal, transitive) To execute vengeance; avenge.
2. (UK dialectal, transitive) To worry; tease; torment.

語源 2

Late Middle English, from Middle Dutch wrak, ultimately related to Proto-Germanic *wrekaną (“to drive out”), the source of wreak and wreck.^[1] Doublet of vraic.

Cognate with German Wrack, Old Norse rek, Danish vrag, Swedish vrak, 古期英語 wræc); also compare Gothic ������������ (wrikan), �������������� (wrakjan, “persecute”), Old Norse reka (“drive”).

名詞

wrack (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 wracks)

1. (archaic) Remnant from a shipwreck as washed ashore, or the right to claim such items.
2. Any marine vegetation cast up on shore, especially seaweed of the family Fucaceae.
3. Weeds, vegetation or rubbish floating on a river or pond.
4. A high flying cloud; a rack.
   • 1892, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes‎^[2], HTML edition, The Gutenberg Project, published 2011:

     A dull wrack was drifting slowly across the sky, and a star or two twinkled dimly here and there through the rifts of the clouds.

派生語

• black wrack (Fucus serratus)
• bladder wrack (Fucus vesiculosus)
• buckey wrack (Fucus vesiculosus)
• channelled wrack (Pelvetia canaliculata)
• egg wrack (Ascophyllum nodosum)
• flat wrack (Fucus spiralis)
• grass wrack (eelgrass)
• horn wrack (Flustra)
• knobbed wrack (Ascophyllum nodosum)
• knotted wrack (Ascophyllum nodosum)
• lady wrack (Fucus vesiculosus)
• notched wrack (Fucus serratus)
• serrated wrack (Fucus serratus)
• spiral wrack (Fucus spiralis)
• tidewrack
• toothed wrack (Fucus serratus)
• wrack line
• wrack zone

動詞

wrack (三人称単数 現在形 wracks, 現在分詞 wracking, 過去形および過去分詞形 wracked または wrackt)

1. (transitive, usually passive) To wreck, especially a ship.
2. Alternative form of rack (“to cause to suffer pain, etc.”)

使用する際の注意点

Frequently confused with rack (“torture; suffer pain”), though traditionally means “wreck”. Etymologically, wrack and ruin (“complete destruction”) and storm-wracked (“wrecked by a storm”) are the only terms that derive from wrack, rather than rack. However in usage forms such as nerve-wracking are common, and considered acceptable by some authorities; see usage notes for rack.

Conjugation

派生語

• storm-wracked

参照

アナグラム

• crawk