Australia.とは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• Straya, 'Straya (くだけた用法)

語源

First attested 16th century, from Latin terra austrālis incōgnita (“unknown southern land”), from auster (“the south wind”). Used also in 1693 (quotation below). Popularised by Matthew Flinders in 1814 (quotation below).

Distantly cognate to Austria – same Proto-Indo-European root, but via German where it retained the earlier sense of “east” rather than “south”.

See also Terra Australis.

発音

• (General Australian, Macquarie Dictionary) IPA^(key): /ɒˈstɹeɪl.jə/, /əˈstɹeɪl.jə/
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /əˈstɹæɪl.jə/, /əˈstɹæɪ.liː.ə/, /əˈstɹæɪ.jə/, /-ɹɛl-/, /-ɹe.jə/
• (Tasmanian) IPA^(key): /əˈstɹɛ.liː.ə/
• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ɒˈstɹeɪ.liː.ə/, /ɒˈstɹeɪ.li.jə/
• (Received 発音, dated) IPA^(key): /ɔːˈstɹeɪ.lɪ.ə/, /ɔːˈstɹeɪ.lɪ.jə/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ɔˈstɹɛ.li.ə/, /ɔˈstɹɛl.jə/, /-ɹeɪl-/
• (cot–caught merger, Canada) IPA^(key): /ɑˈstɹɛ.li.ə/, /ɑˈstɹɛl.jə/, /-ɹeɪl-/
• ハイフネーション: Aus‧tra‧lia, Aus‧tral‧ia
• 韻: -eɪliə

固有名詞

Australia

2. A country in Oceania. Official name: Commonwealth of Australia.
   • 1693: translation of a French novel by Jacques Sadeur (believed to be a pen name of Gabriel de Foigny) titled Les Aventures de Jacques Sadeur dans la Découverte et le Voiage de la Terre Australe published 1692, translation published in London in 1693. Quoted in The Australian Language by Sidney J. Baker, second edition, 1966, chapter XIX, section 1, pages 388-9.

     This is all that I can have a certain knowledge of as to that side of Australia ...

   • 1814, Matthew Flinders, A Voyage to Terra Australis, volume 1 (at Project Gutenberg)

     Had I permitted myself any innovation upon the original term, it would have been to convert it into AUSTRALIA; as being more agreeable to the ear, and an assimilation to the names of the other great portions of the earth.

4. (geology) The continent of Australia-New Guinea. New Guinea and the intervening islands are also on the Australian tectonic plate and are thus geologically considered part of the continent.

同意語

• (country): Aussie (まれに 口語), Aussieland (口語), land down under, New Holland (historical), Oz (口語), Terra Australis (historical), Upsidedownland (口語), Stralia, Straya (口語)
• (continent): Meganesia, Sahul, Oceania (inclusive of other islands)

上位語

• Antipodes

派生語

関連する語

• Austria
• Austrasie

派生した語

• → Maori: Ahitereiria
• → Tokelauan: Auhitalia

参考

• (continents) continent; Africa, America (North America, South America), Antarctica, Asia, Europe, Oceania ^{(Category: en:Continents)}
• AU
• Aust
• Countries of the world

Further reading

• Australia time zones with map and map current local time in Australia.

Latin

語源

From austrālis (“southern”) + a latinization of Ancient Greek -ία (-ía).

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /au̯sˈtraː.li.a/, [äu̯s̠ˈt̪räːlʲiä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /au̯sˈtra.li.a/, [äu̯sˈt̪räːliä]

固有名詞

Austrālia f sg (genitive Austrāliae); first declension

1. (New Latin) Australia

語形変化

First-declension noun, singular only.

派生語

• austrāliēnsis, austrāliānus