non‐の英語

副詞

non (not comparable)

1. Obsolete form of none.

名詞

non (複数形 nons)

1. (Malaysia, slang) A non-Muslim citizen.

Latin

別の表記

• n̄ (abbreviation, medieval)

語源

From Old Latin noenum, from Proto-Indo-European *ne (“not”) + *óynos (“one”). Equivalent to ne + ūnus^[1]. See also nē and nī.

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /noːn/, [noːn]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /non/, [nɔn]

不変化詞

nōn (negative particle)

1. not

   Lingua Graeca est; potest nōn legī.

   It's Greek; it can not be read.

   Sit ut est, aut nōn sit.

   Let it be as it is, otherwise it would not be.

使用する際の注意点

The particle nōn may be used to negate verbs, adjectives, nouns, or phrases.

派生語

派生した語

参照

• non in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• non in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• non in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette

語源 1

From Latin nōna (“ninth; ninth hour”).

発音

• IPA^(key): /noːn/

名詞

nōn ?

1. (historical) Nones, the ninth hour after sunrise
2. (Christianity) Nones, the religious service appointed to this hour

同意語

• (time): nōntīd, nōntīma
• (religious service): nōnsang

派生語

• nōngereord, nōnmete, nōnsang, nōntīd, nōntīma

派生した語

• Middle English: non, none, noon, noun, noune
  • English: noon

発音

• IPA^(key): /non/

名詞

non m

1. a form of address from younger to older monks

参照

• Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898), “nōn”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898), “non”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

語源 1

From Middle English non- (“not, lack of, failure to”), from Middle English non (“no, not any; not, not at all”, literally “none”) and 古期英語 nān- (prefix), both from 古期英語 nān (“no, not any”), from Proto-West Germanic *nain, from Proto-Germanic *nainaz (“none, nought, zero”), see none. Merged with and reinforced by Middle English non- (“not”), from Old French non- and Medieval Latin nōn (“not”), from Old Latin noinu, noinom, from ne oinom (“not one”).

接頭辞

non-

1. Used in the sense of no or none, to show lack of or failure to perform; or in the sense of not, to negate the meaning of the word to which it is prefixed.

   nonpayment (“lack of payment, failure to pay”)

   nonaggressive (“not aggressive”)

使用する際の注意点

• Non- may be attached to nouns (nonspace), adjectives (nonaggressive), adverbs (nonaggressively, nonstop), or—infrequently—even verbs (nontender).
• Non- may be joined to a word with a hyphen, standard in British usage as evidenced by OED's typically including only the hyphenated forms, but some OED entries are spelled without hyphen only. In American usage, non- is often joined without a hyphen. (For example, nonbaseball is relatively common, but noncricket, referring to a primarily British sport, is まれに.) Some non- words rarely or never use a hyphen (such as nonentity). By contrast, un- is almost always spelled without a hyphen. GPO manual item 6.29. recommends to spell non- prefixed words without a hyphen unless an overriding consideration applies.^[1]
• For combinations with capitalized words such as proper nouns and some adjectives, hyphen is almost always used, e.g. non-Aristotelian or non-English. This matches GPO manual recommendation.^[1]
• Semantically, non- suggests objective quality and logical opposition (hence ungradable), whereas un- suggests subjective quality and polar/diametric opposition (often gradable).
• Meaning "not" in phrases taken from Latin and some other languages, non is a separate word and is not hyphenated: non compos mentis, persona non grata.
• As non- is a living and highly productive prefix, the list of words having the prefix non- is practically unlimited: Wiktionary currently has over 9000 such word forms. It is particularly common in the sciences.

同意語

• (not): a-, an-, dys-, i-/il-/im-/in-/ir-, mal-, un-

派生語

関連する語

語源 2

From Latin nona (“nine”).

接頭辞

non-

1. prevocalic form of nona-

派生語

• nonad
• nonet
• nonuplet

参照

Further reading

• non- at OneLook Dictionary Search
• John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “non-”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.