oþの英語

前置詞

oþ

1. (with accusative) until, as far as, up to, down to

   Iċ wysċte þæt iċ meahte oþ Cristes mæssan slāpan.

   I wished that I could sleep until Christmas.

   fram þǣm ēagþyrle oþ þone weall

   from the window to the wall

   Iċ lēt mīnne sunu rinnan oþ þone weald.

   I let my son run as far as the forest.

   Iċ cann tellan oþ tīen.

   I can count to ten.

   þrītiġ oþ fīftiġ wildra swīna

   thirty to fifty feral hogs

   Þæt wæter wæs nū oþ hiere cnēow.

   The water was now up to her knees.

   • c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English

     Hē behȳdde þæt sweord oþ þā hiltan.

     He concealed the sword up to the hilt.

   • late 10th century, Ælfric, the Old English Hexateuch, Genesis 32:24

     Ān enġel wraxlode wiþ hine oþ morgen.

     An angel wrestled with him until morning.

   • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Matthew 24:38-39

     On þǣm dagum ǣr þǣm flōde wǣron menn etende and drincende, and wīfiġende and ġifte sellende, oþ þone dæġ þe Nōe on þā earċe ēode, and hīe nyston ǣr se flōd cōm and nām hīe ealle.

     In the days before the flood, people were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day when Noah entered the ark, and they didn't know until the flood came and took them all.

接続詞

oþ

1. (usually with þæt) until
   • late 10th century, Ælfric, "On the Festival of Saint Peter the Apostle"

     Hīe ēodon forþ oþ þæt hīe cōmon tō ānum wīċe.

     They kept walking until they came to a street.

語源

From Proto-Germanic *-ōþuz

発音

• IPA^(key): /oθ/

接尾辞

-oþ

1. used to form concrete nouns from verbs

   ‎folgian (“to follow”) + ‎-oþ → ‎folgoþ (“retinue, following”)

   ‎huntian (“to hunt”) + ‎-oþ → ‎huntoþ (“hunting; catch, prey, booty”)

   ‎faran (“to travel, fare”) + ‎-oþ → ‎faroþ (“water in motion, stream; ocean, sea, waves”)

   ‎drohtian (“to conduct oneself, behave”) + ‎-oþ → ‎drohtaþ (“conduct, lifestyle”)

   ‎dugan + ‎to avail, be capable, be competent (“manhood, virtue”) + ‎-oþ → ‎duguþ

語形変化

同意語

• -ing

派生した語

• English: -th (partially)

語源

From Proto-Germanic *unþ-. Akin to Gothic unþa- ‎(unþa-), 古期英語 *und- ‎(“up to”) (providing first element in such words as until, unto), Old Frisian and Old Saxon und ‎(“until”), Old High German unzi, Gothic und ‎(und, “unto, until”), 古期英語 preposition oþ ‎(“until, up to”).

接頭辞

oþ-

1. Denoting separation or departure, from, away

   oþwendan "to turn away from, deprive"; ōþwindan "to get away, escape"

   oþberan "to carry off, carry away"

2. to

   oþlengan "to belong (to), pertain (to)"

   oþíecan "to add to"

3. Toward, in the direction of, at

   oþrīdan "to ride out or forth, proceed"

4. Perfective; completely; intensifying an action

   oþstillan "to halt, stop, bring to a halt"

使用する際の注意点

The prefix has two forms: a stressed form ūþ-, and unstressed oþ-