政教分離. the separation of church and state
- 研究社 新英和中辞典
政教分離 the separation of church and state - Eゲイト英和辞典
政教分離の原則 Principle of separation of religion and politics
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教会と国家の分離, 政教分離. separation of church and state
- 研究社 新英和中辞典
教会と国家の分離;政教分離 the separation of church and state - Eゲイト英和辞典
教会と国家[政教]を分離する. separate church and state
- 研究社 新英和中辞典
戦後・政教分離後 Post-war/Following the Separation of Government and Religion
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厳しい政教分離に関する政策の支持 advocacy of a policy of strict separation of church and state
- 日本語WordNet
イスラム法の下では、政教分離が全くない under Islamic law there is no separation of church and state
- 日本語WordNet
政教分離原則という,憲法上の原則 the principle of separation of religion and politics
- EDR日英対訳辞書
それが政教分離の原則に反する It is against the separation of church and state.
- 京大-NICT 日英中基本文データ
また、日本史上初めて政教分離を打ち出した点も大きい。 He should also be valued for being the first Japanese to conceive the idea of separation of politics and religion.
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更に日本国憲法では政教分離と信教の自由が掲げられた。 Furthermore, the Constitution of Japan embraced the principle of separation of government and religion, as well as freedom of religion.
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また彼は政教分離を進め、中央集権体制を確立すべく行動していく。 He also encouraged separation of government and religion and took measures to establish a centralized administrative system.
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これが日本における政教分離の基礎となったとする見方もある。 There is a viewpoint that the end of the Ishiyama War was the beginning of separation of politics and religion in Japan.
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「三条教則批判」の中で、政教分離、信教の自由を主張、神道の下にあった仏教の再生、大教院からの分離を図った。 He also advocated politico-religious separation, freedom of faith in 'Sanjo-kyosoku Hihan' and worked for the revival of Buddhism which was placed under Shintoism, and the separation from Daikyoin (Great Teaching Institute).
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現在では政教分離が進んで「神社」の語義が変化しており、国家神道を単に「神社」と称することはなくなった。 As a result of separation of government and religion, the meaning of the word 'shrine' has changed and there is really very little chance to simply call State Shinto 'shrine.'
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明仁皇位継承の際の1989年1月7日には、憲法の政教分離規定への配慮から「剣璽等承継の儀」とされた。 On January 7, 1989, when Akihito succeeded the throne, the ceremony was referred to as 'the ceremony of the Kenji and others' in accordance with the principle of separation of religion and state.
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(日本国憲法第20条、信教の自由、政教分離原則、津地鎮祭訴訟参照) (Refer to 'Article 20 of the Constitution of Japan,' 'freedom of religion,' 'the principle of separation of government and religion,' and 'the Tsu "Jichinsai" lawsuit' (where Tsu Municipal Authority was sued for using public funds to hold a purification ceremony at a building site))
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明治8年(1875年)、真宗四派が神道側との対立、政教分離の必要性を理由に大教院を離脱。 1875 - the four Buddhist Shinshu sects seceded Daikyoin due to conflict with Shinto camp and necessity of separation of government and religion.
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1989年の昭和天皇の場合には、日本国憲法の政教分離原則に反しない形で国家儀式の大喪の礼と皇室儀式の葬場殿の儀・斂葬の儀が分離された。 When Emperor Showa passed away in 1989, the national ceremony called Taiso no Rei (the Rites of an Imperial Funeral) was held separately from the Imperial Family's ceremonies called Sojoden no Gi and Renso no Gi in order to comply with the principle of the separation of politics and religion according to the Constitution of Japan.
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こうした経緯から戦後の日本国憲法では政治の場から神国思想を排除するために、政教分離原則の厳格化と信教の自由の導入が行われ、日本社会の表舞台から神国思想は退く事になった。 Considering the above, the strict principle of separation of government and religion, and the freedom of religion in the Constitution of Japan were later introduced to rid Shinkoku belief from politics, and it appeared that belief in Shinkoku was wiped from the surface of Japanese society.
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皇室行事は神道に則って行われる為、1947年の憲法改正以後初となる昭和天皇の大喪の際には政教分離の原則への配慮がなされた。 Since Imperial ceremonies are held according to Shinto rules, the separation of religion and politics was taken into consideration when they performed the funeral ceremony for Emperor Showa, which was the first national funeral ceremony after the revision of the Constitution in 1947.
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第二次世界大戦後の連合国軍最高司令官総司令部の学校教育への武道禁止の後、武道再開の際、政教分離によって多くの公立の学校道場から神棚が撤去された。 When budo (martial arts) was resumed after being forbidden in school education by the General Headquarters following the World War II, the kamidana was removed from many public school dojos based on the separation of religion and state.
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現在では、政教分離の性質上、皇室と神道があからさまに結びつくことはあまりないが、歴史的事実として皇室と神道は密接なかかわりを持つ。 Nowadays, as a result of the separation of government and religion, it will hardly occur that the Imperial Court and Shinto will be apparently connected with each other, but it is a historical fact that the Imperial Court and Shinto were closely related to each other.
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第二次世界大戦後、政教分離によって近代社格制度は廃止されたが、今日でも「旧社格」などの名称で神社の格を表すのに用いられている。 Although Kindai shakaku seido was abolished after the World War II due to the principle of separation of government and religion, it is still used today under the name of 'Kyu shakaku' (old classification of shrines) to represent the ranking of shrines.
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1945年以前は神宮などを名乗るためには勅許などが必要だったが、現在では政教分離原則により国家、皇室が神社に直接関与しなくなったため、特に許可を受けなくても、大社、神宮を名乗ることができる。 Prior to 1945, it was necessary to obtain imperial permission in order to adopt a shogo such as 'jingu' but the separation of politics and religion means that now neither the government nor the imperial household are able to become directly involved and shrines can adopt the title of 'taisha' or 'jingu' without requiring any special permission.
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しかし、当初祭政一致を掲げていた明治政府は、近代国家を目指して政教分離・信教の自由を建前に学問の自由を尊重する方向に政策転換し、明治十年代には記紀神話に対する批判など比較的自由な議論が行われていた。 Although the Meiji government insisted upon the unity of Japanese Temples, Shrines, and the state, the policy was changed to respect the freedom to study as they were pushing for the separation of religion and politics, and the freedom of religion to achieve a modern nation, during the last half of 1870s and the first half of 1880s, there were a free discussion held about criticizing the Kojiki (The Records of Ancient Matters), Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan) and mythology.
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宗教的な信仰と、神社と神社で行われる祭祀への敬礼は区分されたが、他宗教への礼拝を一切否定した完全一神教の視点を持つキリスト教徒や、厳格な政教分離を主張した浄土真宗との間に軋轢を生んだ面もある。 Religious belief was differentiated from paying reverence in shrines or in shrine rituals, but it caused discord among Christians, who were totally monotheistic and repudiated the worship of other religions, or followers of Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism), which insisted on the strict separation of government and religion.
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1867年(明治元年)に大教宣布が発布され、1876年(明治9年)に神道事務局に生徒寮を設置して神職の養成に力を注いだ明治新政府であったが、政教分離・信教の自由論が世の中に広まり、教導職制が廃止された。 Following Taikyo-senpu (propagation of the Great Teaching of Shinto) in 1867, the newly established Meiji Government was enthusiastic about the training of Shinto priests, establishing a dormitory for the trainees under the Shinto Jimukyoku (the Secretariat of Shinto), but the Kyodoshoku-sei (a system of national enlightenment on Shinto through government-assigned preceptors) had to be discontinued as the voices calling for the separation of religion and politics and the freedom of religion prevailed.
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政府は当初、伝統宗教の権威と地盤を以ってキリスト教防御と維新後の新体制を国民に教導する考えであったが、近代国家の樹立の為には政教分離と信教の自由を国家の基本方針として盛り込むことは避けられず、また西洋諸国との外交関係に於いてキリスト教の禁制解除は不可欠となった。 At first, the Meiji government intended to keep citizens away from the influence of Christianity and to educate them on the new systems made by the new government renewed after the Meiji Restoration with authority and foundations of the Japanese traditional religion; however, the separation of religion and politics and the freedom of religion were essential policies in order to establish a modernized nation, and the cancellation of a ban on Christianity was indispensable to maintain the diplomatic relationships with Western countries.
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一向宗宗名論争(浄土真宗が公式に否認している「一向宗」を宗派名として強要しようとした問題)を機に浄土真宗内部からも政府への反発が高まってきたこともあり、教部省の施策が暗礁に乗り上げると政教分離の観点から脱退するといった動きを見せた。 However, triggered by the dispute over naming of the Ikko sect (the issue that government attempted to enforce the name of 'Ikko' as an official name on the Jodo Shinshu sect even though the sect had officially rejected it), the repugnance against the government grew within the Jodo Shinshu sect, and the Jodo Shinshu sect withdrew from Kyobusho after the policy of Kyobusho reached a deadlock on the basis of the separation of religion and politics.
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