「Include」を含む例文一覧(18475)

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  • These estimates include (i) the statement in the IMF's Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR), announced on September 24, that it might reach a maximum of $200 billion (approximately \\22 trillion), (ii) the statement by Chairman Ben Bernanke of the FRB on November 8 that it could reach a maximum of $150 billion (approximately \\17 trillion) in a revision of his earlier statement ($100 billion (approximately \\11 trillion) maximum), and (iii) the reference in the Financial Market Trends of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation an Development (OECD) that it could be anywhere from $200 billion (approximately \\22 trillion) to $300 billion (approximately \\33 trillion).
    サブプライムローン問題によって生じる損失規模については、①9 月 24 日に発表された IMF の世界金融安定性報告書（GFSR、Global Financial StabilityReport）における最大 2,000 億ドル（約 22 兆円）程度の損失に達する可能性があるとの記述、②それまでの発言（最大 1,000 億ドル（約 11 兆円））を変更することとなった 11 月 8 日のバーナンキ FRB 議長による最大 1,500 億ドル（約 17 兆円）の損失に達する可能性があるとの発言、③経済協力開発機構（OECD、Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development）の金融市場動向レポート（Financial Market Trends）における 2,000 億ドル（約 22 兆円）から3,000 億ドル（約 33 兆円）の損失に達する可能性の言及のほか、民間金融機関による推計など様々な試算が行われている。 - 金融庁
  • Major reasons that the inflow of funds into the United States has continued and expanded ever include: (a) the position of the US dollar as a key currency and its high marketability, (b) the maintenance of the financial market in the United States, (c) the control of the increase of the net debt to foreign countries of the United States as a result of the rate return of external assets topping the rate of return of external debts and the continued surplus of the return on investment balance, and (d) investors developing a fondness for the United States as a safe destination for investment followingthe Asian currency and financial crisis in 1997, the Russian currency and financial crisis in 1998, and the Brazilian currency and financial crisis in 1999.
    米国への資金流入がこれまで持続・拡大してきた主な理由としては、①基軸通貨としてのドルの地位とその高い市場性、②米国では金融市場が整備されていること、③対外資産の収益率が対外債務の収益率を上回り、投資収益収支の黒字が続いてきたため、米国の対外純債務残高の増加が抑制されていること、④アジア通貨・金融危機（1997年）や、ロシア通貨・金融危機（1998年）及びブラジル通貨・金融危機（1999年）以降、投資家が安全な投資先として米国を好むようになったこと等が挙げられる。 - 経済産業省
  • In view of the sudden outflow of capital and turmoil in financial exchange markets caused by the Asian currency and financial crisis, the East Asian countries are working to stabilize their exchange markets and establish independent financial policies while restricting the movement of funds in and out of the region. Issues include the lack of liquidity in stock and credit markets, the undeveloped insurance market, the absence of a legal system dealing with securitization matters such as bankruptcy remote50 and perfection51, and the difficulty of ascertaining the credit capability of business partners due to a lack of uniform credit information, which limits the provision of credit between companies.
    東アジア各国は、アジア通貨・金融危機における急激な資本流出と金融為替市場の混乱を踏まえ、国内外の資金移動を制限しつつ、為替相場の安定化・金融政策の自立化を模索している状況であり、課題としては株式・債権市場の流動性が限定的であること、保険マーケットが未発達であること、倒産隔離・真性譲渡等の証券化に係る法制が未整備であること、統一的な信用情報の不足等の問題から取引先の信用力を把握することが困難であるため企業間信用が限定的であること等が指摘されている。 - 経済産業省
  • Factors behind this include: both the United States and Europe accelerated their moves of tie ups with economically close neighboring countries through liberalization/facilitation of trade and investment activities, reflected in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA; formed in 1994) and the European Union (EU: established in 1993), respectively; amidst fast growth being achieved by countries of the new industrializing economies (NIEs) and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) through their swift promotion of economic liberalization, emerging countries such as Chile and Mexico actively sought the advantage of EPA and FTA schemes as they shifted their economic policies to liberalizing trade and investment and introducing the market mechanism; and East Asian countries including Japan also shifted to active promotion of EPA and FTA schemes.
    背景としては米国、ECがそれぞれNAFTA（1994年発効）、EU（1993年発足）への取組を加速させるなど、欧米が経済的関係の深い近隣諸国との間で貿易・投資の自由化・円滑化等による連携を図る動きを活発化させたことや、NIEsやASEANがいち早く経済開放を推し進めることにより高成長を果たす中、チリ・メキシコなどの新興国が貿易・投資の自由化や市場メカニズムの導入へと経済政策を転換させ、その中でEPA ／ FTAを活用する戦略を採ったこと、さらに我が国を含む東アジアがEPA ／ FTAに積極姿勢に転じたことなどが挙げられる。 - 経済産業省
  • The Japanese government currently strives to actively confront environmental and resource constraints by establishing and revising appropriate laws and guidelines. They include the Containers and Packaging, Recycling Law, Home Appliance Recycling Law, Construction Materials Recycling Law, Food Recycling Law, End-of-Life Vehicles Recycling Law, Green Purchasing Law, Promotion of Utilization of Recycled, Resources and Waste Disposal Law. Most importantly, however, the government should seek to establish a society in which environmentally concerned economic activities are highly appreciated through implementation of the 3Rs of every citizen, using it to penetrate into a range of economic activities and social engagements.
    現在、政府においては、この循環型社会の構築に向けて、循環型社会形成推進基本法をはじめとた関係法令（容器包装リサイクル法、家電リサイクル法、建設リサイクル法、食品リサイクル法、自動車サイクル法、グリーン購入法、資源有効利用促進法、廃棄物処理法）や各種ガイドラインの整備や見しを進めていますが、何よりも大切なのは、国民一人ひとりが日々の生活の中で「３Ｒ」を実践し、さままな経済活動や社会の取組に浸透させ、環境に配慮した経済活動がより高く評価される社会を作っいくことです。 - 経済産業省
  • Therefore, taking into account the social situation, Japan will give consideration to expanding the system of accepting foreigners in specialized and technical fields. This will be performed on the conditions that they have at least a certain level of qualifications, and that measures are formulated on areas which permit the relaxation of education and work experience requirements. In addition, it will be necessary to ensure the current level of specialization and technical ability through a grading system that enables an objective evaluation of the level of technology and　as well as through mutual agreement. This will include giving consideration to increasing the transparency and relaxing the requirements for obtaining permanent residency status in order to raise the incentives for highly-skilled human resources in particular to work and settle in Japan.
    したがって、社会の実態等を踏まえ、相互認証や客観的に技術、技能レベルを評価し得る資格制度等を通じて現状と同等の専門性、技術性を確保しつつ、学歴・実務経験要件を緩和することが可能とされた分野についての措置、一定水準以上の資格取得を前提として、専門的・技術的分野の受入方式の拡大の検討を行うほか、この中でも特に高度な人材については、我が国での就労・定着に対するインセンティブを高めるため、永住許可を取得できる要件の緩和、透明化等を検討する。 - 経済産業省
  • The major reasons for such an increase in EPAs/FTAs include the following: (1) Moves have accelerated in the United States and Europe toward economic partnerships with their economically-linked neighboring countries through liberalization and the promotion of trade and investment, such as efforts for the NAFTA (enacted in 1994) by the United States and efforts for the EU (established in 1993) by the EC, (2) Newly emerging countries, such as Chile and Mexico, have changed their economic policies, liberalizing trade and investment and introducing market mechanisms, while NIEs and ASEAN have achieved high economic growth by opening up their markets ahead of other countries. In doing so, they have adopted the strategy of promoting EPAs/FTAs, and (3) East Asian countries, including Japan, have changed their stance in favor of EPAs/FTAs, etc.
    背景としては、①米国、ECがそれぞれNAFTA（1994年発効）、EU（1993年発足）への取組を加速させるなど、欧米が経済的関係の深い近隣諸国との間で貿易・投資の自由化・円滑化等による連携を図る動きを活発化させたこと、②NIEsやASEANがいち早く経済開放を推し進めることにより高成長を果たす中、チリ・メキシコ等の新興国が貿易・投資の自由化や市場メカニズムの導入へと経済政策を転換させ、その中でEPA／FTAを活用する戦略を採ったこと、さらに、③我が国を含む東アジアがEPA／FTAに積極姿勢に転じたことなどが挙げられる。 - 経済産業省
  • Some of the points that has been remarked include the fact that: (i) it is not so hard to evaluate copyright values because there is a sort of an external market for them, but patent rights and trademark rights have no such external markets, making it difficult to evaluate values of these rights in the first place; and (ii) in evaluating patent right values, in particular, it is necessary to distinguish between patent rights that are generating cash flows and those that are not. Therefore, the Industrial Structure Council is considering and sorting out the points of interest regarding methods of evaluating intellectual property value according to types of intellectual property rights (patent rights, trademark rights, copyrights, etc.), assumed purposes of evaluation and entities that evaluate intellectual property value in line with the above-mentioned points.
    産業構造審議会では、①著作権は外部市場が一応存在するため、比較的価値評価は難しくないが、特許権や商標権は外部市場が存在せず、そのため、そもそも価値評価に難しさがあること、②特に、特許権の価値評価については、キャッシュフローを生んでいるものとそうでないものとを峻別する必要があること等が指摘されており、これらを踏まえ、知的財産権の種類（特許権、商標権、著作権等）、想定される目的及び評価を行う主体等に応じた知的財産価値評価手法の留意事項の検討及び整理が行われている。 - 経済産業省
  • Therefore, whether or not the dissemination of such photograph is unlawful should be determined by comprehensive consideration of circumstances such as the extent his/her portrait rights or privacy are infringed. Circumstances which may be considered include; the relevancy between the object matter appearing therein, his/her activities in society, the place and method of photographing, and whether or not such photograph is an indispensable means for the photographer to express his/her intention. In other words the court, in considering whether the photograph is lawful will consider, whether or not the level of infringement is within the scope reasonably tolerated in our lives, in light of the balancing the need for protection of portrait and privacy rights with the need for protection of freedom of expression."
    そこで、写真の撮影・頒布が違法となるかどうかは、それによる肖像権ないしプライバシーの侵害の程度がどの位か、撮影対象事項とその者の社会的活動との関係がどの程度か、その写真撮影の場所・態様がどのようなものであるか、その写真が当該表現行為に必要不可欠なものかどうか等を併せ考慮し、肖像権及びプライバシー保護の必要性と表現の自由保護の必要性とを比較衡量して、その侵害が社会生活上受忍の限度を超えるものかどうかを判断してこれを決すべきである。」とする。 - 経済産業省
  • Regarding the wage differential between SMEs and large enterprises, the situation is currently changing considerably due to a combination of factors. These include the substantial increase in absolute income levels in conjunction with the high growth of the Japanese economy, the considerable decline in the wage differential with large enterprises as a result of the tight market for new employed persons during the highgrowth period in particular, the fact that differences in enterprise size are only one of many causes of the disparity in wages, and the medium and long-term upward trend in the dispersion of disparity among enterprises of the same size.23)
    また、中小企業と大企業との賃金格差についても、我が国経済の高度成長に伴い、絶対的な所得水準自体が大きく向上してきたこと、特に高度成長期には、新規就業者等の需給が逼迫し、こうした状況に中小企業も賃金値上げで対応した結果、大企業との賃金格差がかなり縮小したこと、企業規模の違いは賃金等の格差の諸要因の一つに過ぎないこと、同程度の企業規模内部での格差の分散が中長期的に増加する傾向にあること等から、現在では、格差を巡る状況は大きく変化している23。 - 経済産業省
  • As part of the efforts of the government, a “promotion council” consisting of the government, industries, academia, and workers has been established to accelerate the acceptance of skilled workers from around the world, which determines numerical goals and necessary measures. The activities of this council include the development and implementation of action programs of relevant ministries and departments in 2008, an increase in the acceptance of highly skilled foreign researchers, engineers, business managers, etc. , facilitation of the use of foreign human resources in the companies in Japan, creation and announcement of “internationalization indicators” to measure the level of internationalization of companies to attract superior workers, and other discussions concerning human resource management.
    政府の取組としては、世界から高度人材の受け入れを加速するため、産官学労で構成する「推進会議」を設置し、数値目標の設定や必要な施策について検討し、平成20年中に関係府省でアクションプログラムの策定・推進を行い、優れた外国人研究者・技術者・経営者等の高度外国人材の受入れを拡大するとともに、我が国企業における外国人材活用を促進し、優秀な人材を惹き付けるため、企業の人材国際化水準を測る「国際化指標」を策定・公表するなど、人材マネジメントについての検討を進めているところである。 - 経済産業省
  • (1) it is left to the mutual agreement of the parties; and (2) the relevant agreement provides that the panel is authorized to make recommendations on the implementation method (for example, US - Jordan FTA, Article 17, Paragraph 1(d) provides that the panel may make recommendations on the method of correcting violations found in the arbitral award pursuant to a request of a party.)Japan - Malaysia EPA (Article 149, Paragraph 1(d)), Japan - Singapore EPA (Article 144, Paragraph 1(d)) and Japan - Philippines EPA (Article 154, Paragraph 1(d)) provide that the arbitral tribunal may include in its award suggested options of implementation by the respondent for the countries to consider, in accordance with (2) above.
    ①履行方法（resolution）についてはもっぱら当 事国の合意に委ねるもの ②パネルが履行方法につき勧告できるとする規定を有するもの（US－ヨルダンは、当事国が 求めた場合、パネルは、仲裁判断で認定した違 反を是正する方法について勧告することがで きる旨規定（17条１項） 我が国においては、日マレーシア（149条１項 ）、日シンガポール（144条１項）及び日フィ リピン（154条１項）は、仲裁廷は被申立国によ る履行の方法に関する提案を裁定に含め、これを 両締約国による考慮に付することができると規定 しており、上記②の方式を採用している。 - 経済産業省
  • It is provided that the amount of reserve fund for spent fuel reprocessing and so forth shall be the amount which is calculated by the Minister of METI and notified for each licensee, in accordance with the criteria defined by the Ministerial Ordinance of METI, based on the situation of spent fuel generation accompanied with operation of commercial power reactors, capacity of reprocessing and availability of a reprocessing facility, and expenses required for reprocessing and various other items. It is also provided that the Minister of METI can notify the amendment of the above-mentioned amount of money in case significant change of situation can be confirmed which include significant change of the amount of spent fuel generation.
    使用済燃料再処理等積立金の額は、実用発電用原子炉の運転に伴う使用済燃料の発生の状況、再処理施設の再処理能力及び稼働状況、再処理等に要する費用その他の事項を基礎とし、経済産業省令で定める基準に従い、原子炉設置者ごとに経済産業大臣が算定して通知する額とすること、経済産業大臣は、使用済燃料の発生の状況の著しい変化その他著しい事情の変更があると認めるときは、前項の額の変更を通知することができること等を規定している。 - 経済産業省
  • The operational safety measures include that the licensee must assign those who have knowledge required for reactor operation to perform operation, that the licensee must not operate a reactor unless there is sufficient number of personnel required for operation, and that the person responsible for operation must be those who have necessary knowledge, skills and experience required for operation of reactors, and who satisfy requirements provided by the Minister of METI, and also that the methods and other means to judge if the persons satisfy the concerned requirements must be confirmed by the Minister of METI. These are the regulatory requirements for appropriate personnel assignment and qualification of on-site technicians.
    保安のために講ずべき措置として、原子炉の運転に必要な知識を有する者に運転を行わせること、原子炉の運転に必要な構成人員が揃っているときでなければ運転を行わせないこと、運転責任者は原子炉の運転に必要な知識、技能及び経験を有している者であって、経済産業大臣が定める基準に適合した者であること及び当該基準に適合しているかどうかの判定を行うための方法等について経済産業大臣の確認を受けること等が定められ、適切な人員配置、技能者の認定についての規制上の要求となっている。 - 経済産業省
  • The formation of international business networks is expected to have various effects on companies concerned and others. Among micro-economic-level effects is the enhancement of productivity of a company concerned due to an expected decrease in production costs and as a result of the company being able to promote business operations on the strength of competitiveness in certain business fields. Semi-macro-economic-level effects being expected include the improvement of the productivity of an industry to which a concerned company belongs following an expected intensification of competition within the industry.
    国際事業ネットワーク形成の意義としては、①企業固有の強みをいかせること、低コスト生産が可能となり企業の生産性が向上すること、といった各企業に対するミクロレベルでの効果のほかに、②産業内での競争レベルが上昇することで各産業の生産性が向上するセミ・マクロレベルでの効果や、さらには、③国内の労働・投資がより生産性の高い分野へ移動することで国全体の生産性が向上するマクロレベルでの効果が考えられる。これらの効果によって、国際事業ネットワーク形成の進展は成長率を押し上げる効果があると考えられる。 - 経済産業省
  • In 2006, discussions were held at meetings of the TRIPS Council and under the auspices of the WTO Deputy Director-General. Some developing countries, such as India, Brazil and Peru, argue that the TRIPS Agreement should be amended to include a disclosure requirement of source and country of origin of genetic resources, prior informed consent to the use of genetic resources and provisions evidencing fair and equitable benefit sharing in order to obligate disclosure of such information in patent applications. To the contrary, Japan, the US and other countries find no conflict between the TRIPS Agreement and the CBD, and believe that it is possible to apply the two agreements in a mutually supportive manner. Therefore, there is a large gap between those countries that believe that amendment of the TRIPS Agreement is unnecessary in order to achieve the purpose of the CBD and those countries that believe it is necessary. Discussions have not converged yet.
    2006年には、TRIPS 理事会、WTO事務局次長主催の協議の場等において議論が行われたが、遺伝資源等の出所や原産国、遺伝資源等の利用にかかる事前の同意、及び公正かつ衡平な利益配分の証拠につき、特許出願中に開示を義務づけるため、TRIPS 協定を改正するよう求めるインド、ブラジル、ペルー等の諸国と、我が国、米国等、TRIPS 協定とCBD は抵触なく、相互補完的に履行可能であり、CBD の目的を達成するに当たってTRIPS 協定の改正は不要とする諸国との間に意見の隔たりが大きく、議論の収束には至っていない。 - 経済産業省
  • Other features of the Bohai Sea Rim Economic Circle as a transportation network hub include the second expressway currently under construction between Beijing and Tianjin, another high-speed railway scheduled for construction between Beijing and Shenyang, the Dalian-Yantai train ferry currently under construction, a direct railway connection planned between the Liaodong and Shandong peninsulas, the expressway with eight lanes (four in each direction) running between Dalian and Shenyang, a railway linking North Korea and the Russian border scheduled for construction, and the presence of land routes between each of the cities in the Bohai Sea Rim Economic Circle and the EU via the Trans-Siberian Railway and continental land bridges.
    また、北京・天津間に第２高速道路が建設中であること、北京・瀋陽間にも高速鉄道が建設予定にあること、大連・煙台間列車フェリーの建設が着手されていること、遼東半島と山東半島が鉄道で直接結ばれる計画があること、大連・瀋陽間に片側４車線の高速道路が通じていること、北朝鮮とロシア国境を走る鉄道が建設予定にあること、環渤海経済圏の各都市からシベリア鉄道や大陸ランドブリッジを通じてEUへの陸路があること、等交通ネットワークの拠点となっていることが指摘されている。 - 経済産業省
  • The main details of the FINPAW include: (1) the endeavor to promote the health and maintain the capability to work of the elderly in their workplaces through provision of training programs and information to the personnel in charge of health and safety at the workplaces, the local occupational safety committee, personnel in charge of labor management, and the workplace and individual, as well as to raise awareness on aging; (2) implementation of detailed health promotion activities for older workers, study on the employment issues and development of a public employment service; (3) development of a support system for lifelong learning by the aged population; and (4) reform of disability and unemployment insurances, among others.
    FINPAWの主な内容は、①職場の健康安全担当者、地域の職業安全委員会及び労務管理者、職場、個人に対し研修プログラムや情報を提供することを通じ、高齢者の職場での健康増進や労働能力の維持を図るとともに、加齢に関する認識を高めること、②高齢就業者に関する具体的な健康促進活動や雇用問題の研究、公的な雇用サービスの開発を行うこと、③高齢者の生涯学習に対する支援体制の整備を行うこと、④障害保険や失業保険の改革を行うこと等が含まれている。 - 経済産業省
  • (i) Wholesale business: Where, out of the total revenue from selling inventory assets (meaning inventory assets prescribed in Article 2(xx) of the Corporation Tax Act; hereinafter the same shall apply in this item) for the relevant business year (where there are any commissions to be received for agent or intermediary services for the buying or selling inventory assets for the relevant business year, such revenues shall include the amount from the transactions for which the said commissions were generated; hereinafter referred to as the "amount of sales transactions" in this item), the ratio of the sum of the amount of sales transactions with a person other than affiliated persons (meaning those listed in the items of Article 40-4(1), items of Article 66-6(1), items of Article 68-90(1) of the Act and the preceding items who are related to the said specified foreign subsidiary company, etc.; hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph and the next paragraph) exceeds 50 percent, or out of the sum of the acquisition costs for acquiring inventory assets for the relevant business year (where there are any commissions to be received for agent or intermediary services for the buying or selling inventory assets for the relevant business year, such acquisition costs shall include the amount from the transactions for which the said commissions were generated; hereinafter referred to as the "amount of purchase transactions" in this item), the ratio of the sum of the amount of purchase transactions with a person other than affiliated persons exceeds 50 percent
    一　卸売業　当該各事業年度の棚卸資産（法人税法第二条第二十号に規定する棚卸資産をいう。以下この号において同じ。）の販売に係る収入金額（当該各事業年度において棚卸資産の売買の代理又は媒介に関し受け取る手数料がある場合には、その手数料を受け取る基因となつた売買の取引金額を含む。以下この号において「販売取扱金額」という。）の合計額のうちに関連者（当該特定外国子会社等に係る法第四十条の四第一項各号、第六十六条の六第一項各号、第六十八条の九十第一項各号及び前項各号に掲げる者をいう。以下この項及び次項において同じ。）以外の者との間の取引に係る販売取扱金額の合計額の占める割合が百分の五十を超える場合又は当該各事業年度において取得した棚卸資産の取得価額（当該各事業年度において棚卸資産の売買の代理又は媒介に関し受け取る手数料がある場合には、その手数料を受け取る基因となつた売買の取引金額を含む。以下この号において「仕入取扱金額」という。）の合計額のうちに関連者以外の者との間の取引に係る仕入取扱金額の合計額の占める割合が百分の五十を超える場合 - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム
  • (i) Wholesale business: Where, out of the total revenue from selling inventory assets for the relevant business year (where there are any commissions to be received for agent or intermediary services for the buying or selling of inventory assets for the relevant business year, such revenues shall include the amount from the transactions for which the said commissions were generated; hereinafter referred to as the "amount of sales transactions" in this item), the ratio of the sum of the amount of sales transactions with a person other than affiliated persons (meaning those listed in the items of Article 40-4(1), items of Article 66-6(1), items of Article 68-90(1) of the Act and the preceding items who are related to the said specified foreign subsidiary company, etc.; hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph and the next paragraph) exceeds 50 percent, or out of the sum of the acquisition costs for acquiring inventory assets for the relevant business year (where there are any commissions to be received for agent or intermediary services for the buying or selling of inventory assets for the relevant business year, such acquisition costs shall include the amount of transactions for which the said commissions were generated; hereinafter referred to as the "amount of purchase transactions" in this item), the ratio of the sum of the amount of purchase transactions with a person other than affiliated persons exceeds 50 percent
    一　卸売業　当該各事業年度の棚卸資産の販売に係る収入金額（当該各事業年度において棚卸資産の売買の代理又は媒介に関し受け取る手数料がある場合には、その手数料を受け取る基因となつた売買の取引金額を含む。以下この号において「販売取扱金額」という。）の合計額のうちに関連者（当該特定外国子会社等に係る法第四十条の四第一項各号、第六十六条の六第一項各号、第六十八条の九十第一項各号及び前項各号に掲げる者をいう。以下この項及び次項において同じ。）以外の者との間の取引に係る販売取扱金額の合計額の占める割合が百分の五十を超える場合又は当該各事業年度において取得した棚卸資産の取得価額（当該各事業年度において棚卸資産の売買の代理又は媒介に関し受け取る手数料がある場合には、その手数料を受け取る基因となつた売買の取引金額を含む。以下この号において「仕入取扱金額」という。）の合計額のうちに関連者以外の者との間の取引に係る仕入取扱金額の合計額の占める割合が百分の五十を超える場合 - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム
  • (5) The publication of the reference to the grant of the patent shall include - (a) the number of the patent; and (b) the name and address of the owner of the patent; and (c) the name and address of the inventor, except where he has asked not to be named in the patent; and (d) the name and address of the agent if any; and (e) the filing date; and (f) if priority has been claimed and the claim has been accepted, a statement of the priority, the priority date and the name of the country or countries in which or for which the earlier application was filed; and (g) the effective date of grant of the patent; and (h) the title of the invention; and (i) the abstract; and (j) the most illustrative of the drawings, if any; and (k) the symbol of the International patent Classification.
    (5) 特許付与の件の公告には，次のものを含める。 (a) 特許番号 (b) 特許所有者の名称及び宛先 (c) 発明者の名称及び宛先。ただし，発明者が特許において記名しないように求めた場合を除く。 (d) 代理人が存在する場合は，その名称及び宛先 (e) 出願日 (f) 優先権が主張されかつ主張が認められた場合は，優先権に係る陳述，優先日及び先の出願がなされた国又は先の出願が指定してなされた国の名称 (g) 特許付与の発効日 (h) 発明の名称 (i) 要約 (j) 図面が存在する場合は，そのうちで最も説明に役立つもの，及び (k) 国際特許分類記号 - 特許庁
  • The negotiation is indeed still going on but I do find that, in general, Japan's argument has been accepted to a considerable extent. For example, deferred tax assets were not initially on the agenda when the current negotiation started, but I believe that it is now pretty much a certainty that financial institutions will be allowed to include 10 percent or more holdings of common stock of other financial institutions and deferred tax assets in Tier 1 capital up to a limit of 15 percent in the aggregate. Another example of Japan's argument successfully being accepted is the correction of unequal treatment in relation to computer software and other assets accounted for as intangible fixed assets due to differences in accounting standards, as has, I believe, been announced.
    今交渉の途中でございますから、全体的にはかなり、私は日本の主張が、例えばご存じのように、繰延税金資産、これは最初は今度の交渉が始まったときは入れていませんでしたが、繰延税金資産が他の金融機関への出資、金融機関への普通出資が10％以上の場合でございますが、合算してTire1に15％まで参入ということは、これは多分決まったことだと思いますけれども。それから、無形固定資産に計上された資産、ソフトウェア等についても会計基準の差異に基づく取扱いの不平等是正と、こういったところは発表があったと思いますけれども、きちっと取り入れていただけたわけでございます。 - 金融庁
  • The number of public interest corporations that stated, in their reply to a questionnaire, that they are "engaged in a mutual aid business" is 329, including, for example, Nissho (Japan Firefighters Association), which is an organization that has been around since the pre-war days and has always been supervised by the Fire and Disaster Management Agency, now under the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. Other examples include medical associations, dental associations and pharmaceutical associations that have been supervised by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare for over 100 years, including the years of supervision by its predecessor, the Health and Medical Bureau of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in pre-war periods. Also, the Japan Racing Association Mutual Aid Group is an auxiliary organization of the Livestock Industry Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, because horse racing has traditionally been a livestock business.
    これはご存じのように、確かアンケートに対して「共済事業を行っている」と回答した公益法人は329ございまして、例えば、これはずっと戦前からあるような団体で、日本消防協会というのは昔から消防庁、今は総務省それから、これは私も医師会員でございますが、もう100年以上、医師会、歯科医師会、薬剤師会と、戦前は内務省の衛生部、今は厚生労働省の所管でございまして、それから中央競馬会弘済会、これも競馬というのは昔からの畜産事業でございますから、農林水産省の畜産局の外郭団体でございます。 - 金融庁
  • Factors that are said to be behind those results include the fact that while year-on-year increases in the amounts of their reserves for guaranteed minimum variable pension plan payments brought their basic earnings downwards to 81.4 billion yen, their securities balance turned into the black, recording, for example, 246.2 billion yen in capital gains. I believe that I received a similar question about banks and my observation remains that one of the main factors contributing to their positive figures was the improvement in their securities balance that I have just mentioned, partly due to the fact that government bond prices are up as a result of lower interest rates.
    この要因としては、前年同期に比べて変額年金の最低保証に係る責任準備金の積み増しがマイナス要因となり、基礎利益が減収これは確か814億円になったものの、一方、有価証券関係の損益が黒字に改善したこと、キャピタル損益2,462億円等が挙げられております。この前、私は銀行についてもこういうご質問をいただいたと思いますが、今、金利が下がって国債の価格が上昇しているということもございますし、金融機関一般にも今の時点においては、通用する話でもございますが、この有価証券の関係の損益が黒字に改善したということが挙げられると思います。 - 金融庁
  • Such credit tightening will further risk resource mobilization to develop social safety nets that provide support for the lives of the poor.Should the effects of the financial market turmoil spill over to real economy, causing significant slow down in global economic growth, developing countries may experience reduction of exports, deceleration of growth, and increase in unemployment, and thus ruin their past efforts toward economic development.To minimize such adverse effects on developing countries, we expect the Bank to actively and creatively consider various possible options, without being constrained by the existing frameworks, by asking: how can the World Bank and the Regional Development Banks compensate for the decline in private capital flows that have been the primary funding source for developing countries? What kind of catalytic roles can the World Bank Group play in bolstering withered private capital flows? Such options could include more flexible use of guarantees by the MIGA and possible enhancement of IFC’s function to leverage private capital.
    世銀に対しては、このような途上国への悪影響を最小限に抑えるべく、これまで民間資金が主役となってきた途上国への資金の流れを、どのように世銀や地域開銀が代替していくことができるか、また萎縮する民間資金に対して世銀グループとしてどのような触媒機能を果たせるか、例えばMIGAの保証をもっと弾力的に活用することはできないのか、IFCの民間資金に対するレバレッジを増加させる方法はないかなどについて、既存の枠組みにとらわれず、様々な案を積極的かつ創造的に検討することを期待します。 - 財務省
  • Building on the progress made since Pittsburgh to address corruption, we agree to establish a Working Group to make comprehensive recommendations for consideration by Leaders in Korea on how the G-20 could continue to make practical and valuable contributions to international efforts to combat corruption and lead by example, in key areas that include, but are not limited to, adopting and enforcing strong and effective anti-bribery rules, fighting corruption in the public and private sectors, preventing access of corrupt persons to global financial systems, cooperation in visa denial, extradition and asset recovery, and protecting whistleblowers who stand-up against corruption.
    腐敗に対処するためのピッツバーグ以降の進展に基づき，我々は，韓国での首脳による検討のため，G20が，強力かつ効果的な贈賄防止規則の採用及び執行，官民セクターにおける腐敗との闘い，腐敗した個人による世界金融システムへのアクセス防止，査証拒否，犯罪人引渡し及び資産回復における協力，並びに腐敗に対して立ち上がる内部通報者の保護を含むがこれに限定されない鍵となる分野において，引き続き腐敗防止の国際的な取組に実際的かつ価値のある貢献を行い，模範を示す方法について包括的な勧告を行うための，専門家による作業部会の設置に合意する。 - 財務省
  • Provide greater clarity to countries at the start of the process about the possible consequences for their programs, including in terms of official financing, of any failure to secure the necessary contribution from private creditors on terms consistent with a sustainable medium-term payments profile. Such consequences could include the need for a program revision to provide for additional adjustment by the country concerned or the option of reduced official financing, or, conversely, a decision by the IMF to lend into arrears if a country has suspended payments while seeking to work cooperatively and in good faith with its private creditors and is meeting other program requirements.
    各国に対して、中期的に維持可能な支払プロファイルと整合的な条件による、民間債権者からの必要な貢献を確保できない場合について、公的融資の条件も含め、プログラムに対して起こり得る結果について、手続き開始の時点においてより明確に示すべきである。このような結果には、当該国による追加的な調整をもたらすプログラム修正の必要性、または、公的融資の削減の選択肢、あるいは、逆に、ある国が、プログラムの他の要件を満たしている一方で、民間債権者と協力的かつ誠実に作業しようと努めている間支払いを一時停止している場合、ＩＭＦによる債務履行遅滞国に対する融資を、含み得る。 - 財務省
  • (3) Notwithstanding the provisions of the paragraph (1), with regard to either letters a detainee sends to or receives from a national or local government agency and whose contents include the matters under the authority of the agency and letters a detainee sends to or receives from an attorney who discharges the duty prescribed in paragraph (1) of Article 3 of the Attorney Act (Act No. 205 of 1949) with regard to the detainee, the prisoners of war camp commander shall not suppress their sending or receiving, or remove or erase the concerned part of them for the reasons that all or a part of letter pertaining to matters concerned fall under item (v) of paragraph (1).
    ３　第一項の規定にかかわらず、被収容者が国又は地方公共団体の機関に対して発する信書であってその機関の権限に属する事項を含むもの及び被収容者が弁護士との間で発受する信書であってその被収容者に係る弁護士法（昭和二十四年法律第二百五号）第三条第一項に規定する弁護士の職務に属する事項を含むものについては、これらの事項に係る部分の全部又は一部が第一項第五号に該当することを理由としては、その発信若しくは受信を差し止め、又はその該当箇所を削除し、若しくは抹消することができない。 - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム
  • Article 778 (1) In cases where a Share Option Purchase Demand is made, if an agreement on the determination of the price of the Share Options (in cases where such Share Options are those attached to Bonds with Share Options, if there is a demand for the purchase of Bonds pertaining to such Bonds with Share Options, they shall include such Bonds; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article) is reached between the holder of Share Options and the Stock Company effecting Entity Conversion (after the Effective Day, the Membership Company after Entity Conversion; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article), the Stock Company shall make payment within sixty days from the Effective Day.
    第七百七十八条　新株予約権買取請求があった場合において、新株予約権（当該新株予約権が新株予約権付社債に付されたものである場合において、当該新株予約権付社債についての社債の買取りの請求があったときは、当該社債を含む。以下この条において同じ。）の価格の決定について、新株予約権者と組織変更をする株式会社（効力発生日後にあっては、組織変更後持分会社。以下この条において同じ。）との間に協議が調ったときは、当該株式会社は、効力発生日から六十日以内にその支払をしなければならない。 - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム
  • Article 788 (1) In cases where a Share Option Purchase Demand is made, if an agreement on the determination of the price of the Share Options (in cases where such Share Options are those attached to Bonds with Share Options, if there is a demand for the purchase of Bonds pertaining to such Bonds with Share Options, they shall include such Bonds; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article) is reached between the holder of Share Options and the Absorbed Stock Company, etc. (or, after the Effective Day in cases of effecting an Absorption-type Merger, the Company Surviving Absorption-type Merger; hereinafter the same shall apply in this Article), the Absorbed Stock Company, etc. shall make payment within sixty days from the Effective Day.
    第七百八十八条　新株予約権買取請求があった場合において、新株予約権（当該新株予約権が新株予約権付社債に付されたものである場合において、当該新株予約権付社債についての社債の買取りの請求があったときは、当該社債を含む。以下この条において同じ。）の価格の決定について、新株予約権者と消滅株式会社等（吸収合併をする場合における効力発生日後にあっては、吸収合併存続会社。以下この条において同じ。）との間に協議が調ったときは、消滅株式会社等は、効力発生日から六十日以内にその支払をしなければならない。 - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム
  • Article 887 (1) In cases where a prima facie showing is made that any one of the following Documents, etc. include a part (hereinafter referred to as a "Detrimental Part") where inspection or copying thereof, delivery of the original or a transcript or an extract thereof, or reproduction thereof (hereinafter referred to as "Inspection, etc." in this Article) by interested parties is likely to cause considerable detriment to the implementation of liquidation of the Liquidating Stock Company, the court may, in response to a petition from the Liquidating Stock Company that submitted such Documents, etc. or by an investigator, limit the persons who are able to request Inspection, etc. of the Detrimental Part to the person who has filed such petition and the Liquidating Stock Company:
    第八百八十七条　次に掲げる文書等について、利害関係人がその閲覧若しくは謄写、その正本、謄本若しくは抄本の交付又はその複製（以下この条において「閲覧等」という。）を行うことにより、清算株式会社の清算の遂行に著しい支障を生ずるおそれがある部分（以下この条において「支障部分」という。）があることにつき疎明があった場合には、裁判所は、当該文書等を提出した清算株式会社又は調査委員の申立てにより、支障部分の閲覧等の請求をすることができる者を、当該申立てをした者及び清算株式会社に限ることができる。 - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム
  • 4. Report of transaction volume by Members, etc. shall include the name, or trade name of Members, etc., and with regard to gensaki and Spot Transactions, the quantity and amount of selling volume, delivery volume, buying volume and receipt volume; with regard to Futures Transactions with Cash Settlement and Index Futures Transactions, the quantity and amount of selling volume and buying volume; with regard to Option Transactions, the quantity, amount, and exercise volume or non-exercise volume (quantity of transactions closed by a person's own declaration of intent; the same shall apply hereinafter) of type of option, selling volume (which means transaction volume of a partner who issues the option), and buying volume (which means transaction volume of a partner who obtains the option).
    四　会員等別の取引高報告書は、会員等の氏名又は商号若しくは名称並びに、現物先物取引及び実物取引にあっては、売付高、渡高、買付高及び受高につき、数量及び金額、現金決済先物取引及び指数先物取引にあっては、売付高及び買付高につき、数量及び金額、オプション取引にあっては、オプションの種類、売付高（オプションを付与する立場の当事者となる取引の取引高をいう。）及び買付高（オプションを取得する立場の当事者となる取引の取引高をいう。）につき、数量及び金額並びに権利行使高及び被権利行使高（相手方の意思表示により成立した取引の数量。以下同じ。） - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム
  • (xiv) Article 53 (Reserve for Loss on Goods Unsold) of the Act: The sales of inventory assets pertaining to the business prescribed in paragraph (1) of the said Article shall be limited to the sales of the inventory assets pertaining to the relevant business prescribed in the said paragraph which a foreign corporation conducts in Japan (excluding inventory assets pertaining to long-term installment sales, etc. prescribed in Article 63(6) (Long-term Installment Sales, etc.) of the Act, for which the provisions of the main clause of paragraph (1) or the main clause of paragraph (2) of the said Article have been applied regarding the amount of profits and expenses thereof) and each business year prescribed in Article 53(1) of the Act shall not include the foreign corporation's business year abolishing domestic business;
    十四　法第五十三条（返品調整引当金）　同条第一項に規定する事業に係る棚卸資産の販売は、外国法人が国内において行う同項に規定する対象事業に係る棚卸資産（法第六十三条第六項（長期割賦販売等）に規定する長期割賦販売等に係る棚卸資産で、その収益の額及び費用の額につき同条第一項本文又は第二項本文の規定の適用を受けたものを除く。）の販売に限るものとし、法第五十三条第一項に規定する各事業年度には、外国法人の国内事業終了年度は、含まれないものとする。 - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム
  • Article 50 (1) The registered manufacturing inspection, etc., agency shall, within three months after the end of each business year, prepare a list of properties, a balance sheet and a profit-and-loss statement or a settlement of accounts statement, and a business report (referred to as "financial statements, etc." in the following paragraph and in Article 123), concerning that business year, and shall keep them for five years in its office. These include those electromagnetically recorded (the data that are recorded electronically, magnetically or by other method that cannot be recognize by human sense, and that are used for processing by using a computer. This definition applies hereinafter in this Article).
    第五十条　登録製造時等検査機関は、毎事業年度経過後三月以内に、その事業年度の財産目録、貸借対照表及び損益計算書又は収支決算書並びに事業報告書（その作成に代えて電磁的記録（電子的方式、磁気的方式その他の人の知覚によつては認識することができない方式で作られる記録であつて、電子計算機による情報処理の用に供されるものをいう。以下同じ。）の作成がされている場合における当該電磁的記録を含む。次項及び第百二十三条第一号において「財務諸表等」という。）を作成し、五年間事務所に備えて置かなければならない。 - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム
  • (2) The registration of a disposition prescribed in the preceding paragraph shall include the name and address of each recognition trustee or provisional administrator, and if permission as set forth in the proviso to Article 39, paragraph (1) (including cases where applied mutatis mutandis pursuant to Article 55, paragraph (1); hereinafter the same shall apply in this paragraph) is granted for independent performance of duties by each recognition trustee or provisional administrator, a statement to that effect. If permission as set forth in the proviso to Article 39, paragraph (1) is granted for the division of duties among recognition trustees or provisional administrators, a statement to that effect and a description of the duties assigned to each recognition trustee or provisional administrator shall be included.
    ２　前項に規定する処分の登記には、承認管財人又は保全管理人の氏名又は名称及び住所、承認管財人又は保全管理人がそれぞれ単独にその職務を行うことについて第三十九条第一項ただし書（第五十五条第一項において準用する場合を含む。以下この項において同じ。）の許可があったときはその旨並びに承認管財人又は保全管理人が職務を分掌することについて第三十九条第一項ただし書の許可があったときはその旨及び各承認管財人又は各保全管理人が分掌する職務の内容をも登記しなければならない。 - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム
  • (2) In cases where the total of the amount to be recorded in the column of assets (with regard to assets listed in any of following items, it shall be the value as determined in said items; the same shall apply in the next paragraph) of a balance sheet of a bank which corresponds to Category 3 of the tables in paragraph (1) or (2) of the preceding Article or a consolidated balance sheet of a bank and its subsidiaries, etc. exceeds or is expected to exceed the total of the amount to be recorded in the column of liabilities of these balance sheets, with regard to said bank, an order in accordance with said category shall include an order listed in Category 2-2 of the tables in paragraph (1) or (2) of the same Article:
    ２　前条第一項又は第二項の表の第三区分に該当する銀行の貸借対照表又は銀行及びその子会社等に係るこれらの会社について連結して記載した貸借対照表の資産の部に計上されるべき金額（次の各号に掲げる資産については、当該各号に定める価額とする。次項において同じ。）の合計額がこれらの貸借対照表の負債の部に計上されるべき金額の合計額を上回る場合又は上回ると見込まれる場合には、当該銀行について、当該区分に応じた命令は、同条第一項又は第二項の表の第二区分の二に掲げる命令を含むものとする。 - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム
  • (i) A status of residence listed in the left-hand column of Appended Table I or II of the Immigration Control Act (in the case of the status of residence of "Designated Activities," this shall include the activities specifically designated by the Minister of Justice with respect to the foreign national concerned) shall be designated and a period of stay shall be decided pursuant to Article 3; provided, however, that with respect to a foreign national who falls under Article 24, item (ii) (except for those who have landed in Japan in violation of the provisions of Article 9, paragraph (6) of the Immigration Control Act), item (vi), or item (vi)-2 of the Immigration Control Act, the type of landing permission prescribed in Chapter III, Section 4 of the Immigration Control Act may be decided and a period of landing may be decided pursuant to the provisions of Articles 13 to 18.
    一　法別表第一又は法別表第二の上欄の在留資格（特定活動の在留資格にあつては、法務大臣が個々の外国人について特に指定する活動を含む。）を指定するとともに第三条に基づいて在留期間を定める。ただし、法第二十四条第二号（法第九条第六項の規定に違反して本邦に上陸した者を除く。）、第六号又は第六号の二に該当した者については、法第三章第四節に規定する上陸の種類を定めるとともに第十三条から第十八条までの規定に基づいて上陸期間を定めることができる。 - 日本法令外国語訳データベースシステム
  • I think that your question has already been answered when I explained the major viewpoints earlier. The committee on the privatization of Japan Post has indicated how to address the issue of an expansion of the range of Japan's Post's businesses during the transition period. In my opinion, critical viewpoints for the FSA include whether an "equal footing" between Japan Post, still partly owned by the government, and private-sector financial institutions is ensured within the framework of the privatization of Japan Post and whether Japan Post is well prepared to execute business properly when it starts new business.
    先ほど大きな観点というものをお答え申し上げたつもりなのですが、移行過程における業務範囲の拡大については、郵政民営化委員会においても考えるアプローチの仕方というものを示されているかと思いますけれども、金融庁の立場からいたしますと、郵政民営化の枠組み自体の中に民間金融機関とのイコール・フッティング、国の出資が残っている段階を踏まえたイコール・フッティングの問題であるとか、特に金融庁の立場からいたしますと、新しい業務を行う際の業務執行態勢が整っているかどうかといった点は、非常に重要な着眼点であろうかと従来から思っております。 - 金融庁
  • In view of the above, companies choosing to use IFRS should be required to also disclose Japanese GAAP financial information corresponding to the current and previous year, only in the first year of IFRS application.Considering that a certain level of continuity should be ensured for the information disclosed and that the cost and burden of parallel disclosure should be eased, it would be appropriate to consider a simpler and more effective measure for information disclosure.The measure could include replacing continuous parallel disclosure in subsequent years by adding explanatory notes comparing significant differences between IFRS and the Japanese GAAP when applicable, and excluding the parallel disclosure (for the current year under the Japanese GAAP) in the first year of IFRS introduction from the scope subject to external audits.
    以上を踏まえると、ＩＦＲＳ適用企業の財務諸表を理解する上で必要となる一定の連続性を確保する観点と作成者の並行開示に係る負担・コストの観点の双方に配慮し、並行開示は、導入初年度における開示(前年度及び当年度財務諸表各１年分)に限定し、継続的な並行開示に代えて、ＩＦＲＳと我が国会計基準の重要な差異の注記にとどめることや、導入初年度の並行開示(旧基準に基づく当年度分)については、監査人の監査の対象としないことなど、簡素で有効な情報提供の方策を検討することが適当である。 - 金融庁
  • Examples include the following information included in the Annual Report: 1) "Major financial data proceedings" under the "company overview" section; 2) "Business results," "production, orders received, and sales," "research and development" and "analysis of financial condition and results of operation" under the "business condition" section; 3) "Facilities and equipment"; 4) "Stock information," "treasury stock repurchases," "dividend policy" and "corporate governance" under the "company information" section; 5) "Major assets and liabilities" and "other" under the "financial information" section; 6) "Corporate bonds guaranteed" under the "information on guarantors" section; 7) Information derived from data presented in the financial statements in "information on indices and others."
    例えば、有価証券報告書の記載事項中、「企業の概況」の「主要な経営指標等の推移」の項目、「事業の状況」の「業績等の概要」、「生産、受注及び販売の状況」、「研究開発活動」及び「財政状態及び経営成績の分析」の項目、「設備の状況」の項目、「提出会社の状況」の「株式等の状況」、「自己株式の取得等の状況」、「配当政策」及び「コーポレート・ガバナンスの状況」の項目、「経理の状況」の「主要な資産及び負債の内容」及び「その他」の項目、「保証会社情報」の「保証の対象となっている社債」の項目並びに「指数等の情報」の項目のうち、財務諸表の表示等を用いた記載が挙げられる。 - 金融庁
  • There are many theories about in what year the Kamakura period truly began, of which the 1192 theory, the year MINAMOTO no Yoritomo was made Shogun (Seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians")), is the orthodox view, but in addition, theories include: the 1180 theory, focusing on Yoritomo raising his army and leading his gokenin (lower-ranking warrior vassals) into battle to destroy the Taira clan, and also establishing the Samurai Dokoro (Board of Retainers, which oversaw rewards for service); the 1183 theory, in which the key moment is the official recognition of the shogunate's right to control Eastern Japan (everything along the Tokaido and Tosando highways) proclaimed by the imperial court in the tenth month; the 1185 theory, which focuses on Yoritomo's use of his struggle to destroy his younger brother MINAMOTO no Yoshitsune as a pretext to usurp the right to appoint and control the offices of shugo (provincial governor) and jito (estate steward); the 1190 theory, in which it was Yoritomo's visit to the capital and subsequent court appointments to Gon Dainagon (Deputy Major Counselor) and Ukone Taisho (Commander of the Guardsmen of the Right) that is considered the decisive moment; and a handful even believe it wasn't until 1196 that the Kamakura period truly began.
    始期については、従来源頼朝が将軍（征夷大将軍）に任じられた1192年とするのが一般的であるが、頼朝が平家打倒のために挙兵し御家人を統率する侍所を設置した1180年説、寿永二年十月宣旨で東国（東海道および東山道）の支配権を朝廷に公認された1183年説、対立する弟・源義経追討の名目で惣追捕使（後の守護）・地頭の設置権を獲得した1185年説、頼朝が上洛し権大納言・右近衛大将に任命された1190年説、また一部では1196年説など様々な考え方がある。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
  • When hedging exchange risks, we generally employ derivative transactions, including forward exchange contract, currency swaps, and currency options. However, possible measures for Japanese companies to apply for reducing exchange risks include (i) introduction of common currency or a common currency basket system; (ii) internationalization of the yen; and (iii) introduction of a currency basket system for each country, as examined in Section 1 of Chapter III. As for (i) introduction of common currency or a common currency basket system, it is currently too early31 because of the presence of economic gaps within the region, limited synchronization with economic conditions, and the presence of constraints in transferring labor force and funds within the region. Regarding (ii), the internationalization of the yen is hardly underway in reality.
    一般的な為替リスクヘッジ手段としては、先物予約や、通貨スワップ、通貨オプションなどのデリバティブ取引があるが、そもそも我が国企業の域内の為替リスクを低減させる手段としては、第３章第１節で見た、①共通通貨・共通通貨バスケットの導入、②円の国際化、③各国毎の通貨バスケット導入、が考えられるが、まず①の共通通貨・共通通貨バスケットの導入については域内経済格差の存在、景気連動の同期性が少ないこと、域内の労働、資本の移動の制約の存在から現時点ではあまりに時期尚早31である。②の円の国際化については、現実的には円の国際化は進んでいるとは言い難い。 - 経済産業省
  • Reasons why the flow of capital to emerging countries such as countries in the Asian Pacific and Latin America has recovered favorably include:- Lower level of uncertainty about the future economic situation after more countries observed the global economy bottoming out due to unprecedented economic stimulus policies implemented by various countries. - Concerns about a liquidity crisis in the markets were dispelled as a result of a bold injection of funds to raise liquidity by central banks. - The difference in growth rates between developed countries and emerging countries since around spring 2009 has expanded. - Predictions have grown stronger that developed nations will continue to hold a low interest policy for the long term. Because of these reasons, investor‟s risk preferences have rebounded since spring 2009 and this is believed to be because of prompt investment in emerging countries.
    アジア・太平洋、中南米など新興国への資金流入が順調に回復したのは、―各国による前例のない景気刺激策によって世界経済の底入れ観測が拡がり、景気の先行きの不確実性が低下したこと、―中央銀行による大胆な流動性供給の結果、市場から「流動性危機」への不安が払拭されたこと、―2009年春頃から、先進国と新興国の成長率格差が拡大したこと、―先進国において低金利の長期化への予測が強まったこと、等の理由により、2009年春以降、投資家のリスク選好が回復し、新興国への投資が促されたため、と考えられている。 - 経済産業省
  • Namely, especially in oil-producing countries in the Middle East, these include: (a) an expansion in surplus funds due to increased oil revenues resulting from high oil prices (Column Table 2-6), (b) an expansion in investment fund demand in new projects, such as oil refining equipment and the construction of infrastructure, accompanying the increase in oil revenues, (c) the interpretation of back-flow of a portion of the funds of oil-producing countries, which were invested in the United States, and have shifted to Europe and a considerable amount homeward to the oil-producing countries after the terrorist attack on the United States on September 11, 200118, (d) an increase in the establishment, spread, and degree of awareness of systems of Islamic finance in Islamic countries, and (e) an increase in the consistency of Islamic finance with international standards for financial services.
    すなわち、中東産油諸国を中心とした、①原油高による石油収入の増大を受け余剰資金が拡大したこと（コラム第2-6表）、②石油収入の増大に伴い石油精製設備やインフラ建設などの新規プロジェクトへの投資資金需要が拡大したこと、③ 2001 年 9月11日同時多発テロ事件以降、米国に投資していた産油諸国資本の一部が欧州のほか産油諸国本国にも相当額が還流したと見られること12、④イスラム諸国におけるイスラム金融の制度確立・普及・認知度の向上、⑤イスラム金融の国際的な金融サービス基準との整合性向上などである。 - 経済産業省
  • The major reasons for such an increase in EPAs/FTAs include the following: (i) Movements have accelerated in the United States and Europe toward economic partnerships with their economically-linked neighboring countries through liberalization and the promotion of trade and investment, illustrated by efforts for the NAFTA (enacted in 1994) by the U.S. and efforts for the EU (established in 1993) by the EC; (ii) Newly emerging economies, such as China, Chile, Mexico and Peru, have changed their economic policies, liberalizing trade and investment and introducing market mechanisms, while NIEs and ASEAN have achieved high economic growth by opening up their markets ahead of other countries. In doing so, they have adopted the strategy of promoting EPAs/FTAs; and (iii) East Asian countries, including Japan, have changed their stances in favor of EPAs/FTAs, etc.
    その背景としては、①欧米諸国が経済的関係の深い近隣諸国との間で貿易・投資の自由化・円滑化等による経済連携を図る動きを活発化させたこと（例：米国及びECがそれぞれNAFTA（1994 年発効） 及びEU（1993 年発足）への取組を加速させる等）　②NIEs やASEANがいち早く経済開放を推し進めることにより高成長を果たす中、チリ・メキシコ・ペルー等の新興国が貿易・投資の自由化や市場メカニズムの更なる導入へと経済政策を転換させ、その中でEPA/FTAを活用する戦略を採ったこと、さらに、③我が国を含む東アジアがEPA/FTAに積極姿勢に転じたことなどが挙げられる。 - 経済産業省
  • Since the "Zero-for-Zero" and "Harmonization" approaches adopted during the Uruguay Round achieved certain good results, these approaches should be promoted as follows during these negotiations. Taking into account the disparity of tariff structures among WTO Members as a result of the UR, sectoral approaches such as "Zero-for-Zero" or "Harmonization" by participation of basically all WTO members should be pursued in the following sectors as separate frameworks from the trade-weighted average target tariff formula as referred to in Point 2. In order to give credit to efforts paid by Members, each Member may choose to include reductions to the levels determined in each "zero-for- Zero" or "Harmonization" for the calculation of its trade-weighted average target tariff rate.
    ウルグアイラウンドにおけるゼロゼロ／ハーモナイゼーション（以下、ハーモ）は一定の成果を挙げていることから、本ラウンドにおいても、以下を推進することが望ましい。この際、前ラウンドの結果、各国の関税体系が著しく偏っていることを踏まえ、２．目標貿易加重平均関税率に沿った関税の引き下げの交渉とは別のフレームワークとして、以下に掲げる特定の分野について、原則として全加盟国が参加するゼロゼロ／ハーモによる分野別アプローチを推進すべきである。なお、その引き下げ努力を適切に評価する観点から、各国の選択により、ゼロゼロ／ハーモ水準までの引き下げを貿易加重平均関税率の算定にあたって算入することができることとする。 - 経済産業省
  • In contrast, it is noteworthy that Japan's EPAs always include an "arbitration-type" procedure (see, for example, Japan - Malaysia EPA, Chapter 13; Japan - Mexico EPA, Chapter Section 15; Japan - Singapore EPA, Section 21; and Japan - Philippines EPA, Section 15), as well as a more detailed set of procedural provisions than other agreements entered into by other governments.Japan's preference for "judicial" dispute settlement procedures is shared by Singapore and Korea, both of which, similar to Japan, became increasingly active in negotiating and executing FTAs/EPAs since 2000 (see, for example, Chile - Korea FTA, Article 19.6, Paragraph 1; Korea - Singapore FTA, Section 20, Article 20.6; Singapore - New Zealand FTA, Article 61.1; Australia - Singapore FTA, Section 16, Article 4;and the Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement (Chile, Brunei, New Zealand and Singapore), Article 15.6, Paragraph 1).
    これに対して、日本のEPA は全て仲裁型を 選択している点が特徴的であり（日本－マレー シア（日マレーシア）13章、日本－メキシコ（日 メキシコ）15章、日本－シンガポール（日シン ガポール）21章、日本－フィリピン（日フィリ ピン）15章)、また、他国が結んでいる協定と比 べ、比較的詳細な手続規定が置かれている。こ のように司法化された紛争解決手続を指向する 特徴は、我が国と同じく2000年前後から FTA/EPA 締結に向けた取り組みを強化して いるシンガポール、韓国にも見ることができる。（チリ－韓国(19.6条１項)、韓国－シンガポー ル(20章20.6条)、シンガポール－ニュージー ランド(61条１項)、オーストラリア―シンガポール(16章４条)、チリーブルネイーニュージーランド－シンガポール（Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement）(15.6 条１項)等） - 経済産業省
  • (10) An applicant for the registration of a trade mark under this section shall transmit to the Registrar draft rules for governing the use thereof, which shall include provisions as to the cases in which the proprietor is to certify goods or services and to authorise the use of the trade mark and may contain any other provisions that the Registrar may require or permit to be inserted therein (including provisions conferring a right of appeal to the Registrar against any refusal of the proprietor to certify goods or services or to authorise the use of the trade mark in accordance with the rules) and such rules, if approved, shall be deposited with the Registrar and shall be open to inspection in like manner as the Register.
    (10) 本条に基づく商標登録の出願人は，その使用を規制する規約案を登録官に提出するものとする。この規約案には，所有者が商品又はサービスを証明する場合及び他人に当該商標の使用権限を与える場合についての規定を含めるものとし，かつ，登録官が含めることを求め又は認めるその他の事項(規約に従って商品若しくはサービスを証明すること又は商標使用の権利を与えることを所有者が拒絶する場合に登録官に不服申立をする権利を認める規定を含む。)を含めることができる。当該規約案は，承認されたときは，登録官に寄託され，登録簿の場合と同じ態様で閲覧に供されるものとする。 - 特許庁
  • The Intellectual Property Search Report is drawn up on the basis of the claims, description, and the drawings as follows: (a) The search report shall mention those documents, available at the Office at the time of drawing up the report, which may be taken into consideration in assessing novelty and inventive step of the invention. (b) The search report shall distinguish between cited documents published before the date of priority claimed, between such date of priority and the date of filing, and on or after the date of filing. (c) The search report shall contain the classification of the subject matter of the application in accordance with the International Patent Classification. (d) The search report may include documents cited in a search established in the corresponding foreign application.
    知的所有権調査報告は，クレーム，明細書及び図面に基づいて次の通り作成する。 (a)調査報告には，発明の新規性及び進歩性を査定する際に考慮に入れることができる書類であって報告作成時点で庁が利用することができるものを記載する。 (b)調査報告では，引用書類を，主張された優先日前に公開されたものと，当該優先日と出願日との間に公開されたものと，出願日後に公開されたものとに区別する。 (c)調査報告には，国際特許分類に基づいて出願の内容の分類を記載する。 (d)調査報告には，対応する外国出願でなされた調査において引用された書類を含めることができる。 - 特許庁
  • (2) The costs shall include, in addition to the expenses of the Patent Office, the costs incurred by the parties to the extent that they were necessary for the appropriate defense of their claims and rights. The amount of the costs to be reimbursed shall be determined by the Patent Office upon request. The provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure [Zivilprozessordnung] relating to the procedure for the fixation of costs (Sections 103 to 107) and execution of decisions regarding the fixation of costs (Sections 724 to 802) shall apply mutatis mutandis. An objection [Erinnerung] shall take the place of an appeal [Beschwerde] against the decision regarding the fixation of costs; Section 73 is to be applied subject to the proviso that the appeal is lodged within two weeks. The enforceable copy shall be issued by the registrar of the Patent Court.
    (2) この費用には，特許庁の出費に加え，当事者がその請求権及び権利を適正に防御するために必要であった範囲において当事者に生じた費用を含める。返還されるべき費用の額は，請求に基づき，特許庁によって決定される。民事訴訟法の規定の内，費用確定手続(第 103条から第107条まで)及び費用確定に関する決定の強制執行(第724条から第802条まで)に関するものが準用される。抗告(Erinnerung)が，費用確定に係る決定に対する審判請求(Beschwerde)に取って代わる。第 73条が，審判請求が 2週間以内に提出されることを条件として，適用される。執行力のある正本が，連邦特許裁判所の書記官によって発行される。 - 特許庁
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