the headman of a prison (chosen from among the convicts, the heaviest offender being generally chosen)
牢名主 - 斎藤和英大辞典
The convicts are ill fed.
懲役は食べ物が悪い - 斎藤和英大辞典
The judge declares the prisoner guilty―convicts the prisoner of the crime.
判事が有罪と宣告する - 斎藤和英大辞典
a gang of convicts chained together
一緒に鎖につながれた囚人たちの一団 - 日本語WordNet
He is one of the 12 convicts of those who were executed for Kotoku Incident.
幸徳事件で処刑された12名の1人。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
Three convicts broke out of prison yesterday. 3人の囚人がきのう刑務所から脱走した - Eゲイト英和辞典
So you intend to rewrite history using these convicts? では 隷属した人を使って 歴史を塗り替える積りですか? - 映画・海外ドラマ英語字幕翻訳辞書
It'll be your evidence that convicts will. その確実性にある。 君の証拠がウィルを有罪にするだろう。 - 映画・海外ドラマ英語字幕翻訳辞書
According to Toritsu, the fathers and the sons (aged sixteen and over) of the muhon convicts would be hanged.
唐律では父と年16以上の子(息子)は絞となった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
There was no enza (only the convicts themselves were punished) if the convicts were Buddhist monks, ladies, public slaves, imperial tomb guards, Kunuhi (government-owned slave), or Shinuhi (privately-owned slave).
僧侶、婦人、官戸、陵戸、家人、公奴婢、私奴婢が犯人の場合、本人が刑されるだけで、縁座はなかった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
Not only the convicts but also the fathers and sons were punished by the death penalty (only the execution methods were different).
執行方法に違いがあるだけで斬と同じく死刑である。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
Convicts who were to be flogged were imprisoned without apparatuses.
杖罪を受けるものはあらかじめ刑具をつけずに獄に拘禁された。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
The fleeing convicts were picked out of the darkness by the watchful prison guards
闘争中の因人は見張りの看守によって暗闇から見つけ出された - 日本語WordNet
The uncles along with the sons of the muhon convicts' brothers, were banished 3,000 ri (one "ri" is approx. 560m in China) away.
伯叔父、兄弟の子は流三千里(三千里の流刑)になった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
The fathers and the sons along with the subordinate people, assets, farmlands and housing lands of the muhon convicts were confiscated.
父子(父と息子)、家人(唐律の部曲にあたる隷属民)、資財、田宅が没官となった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
a permit formerly given to convicts allowing them to leave prison under specific restrictions
かつて受刑者に与えられた許可証で、特定の制限のもとで刑務所から出ることを許可する - 日本語WordNet
According to a widely-accepted theory, Choei coaxed a prison worker named Eizo who belonged to hinin (one group comprising the lowest rank of Japan's Edo-period caste system, often ex-convicts or vagrants) into setting fire to the place.
この火災は、長英が牢で働いていた非人栄蔵をそそのかして放火させたとの説が有力である。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
There was a tendency that differentiation between decapitation and hanging were disregarded, and only the principal offenders were killed, while enza convicts had lighter punishment than specified in the ritsu provisions.
斬と絞の区別は無視され、主犯だけが死刑になり、縁座者への刑は律の規定より軽くなる傾向があった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
The Hinin in a broad sense is a general term for Inujinin (shrine associates), grave keeper, Kawaramono (discriminated position), Homen (ex-convicts), Gomune (vagrants or beggars), itinerant entertainers, Yasedoji (person who carried Emperor on a palanquin) and etc.
広義の非人とは、神人(いぬじにん)・墓守・河原者・放免(ほうめん)・乞胸(ごうむね)・猿飼・八瀬童子等々の総称である。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
Which of you convicts me of sin? If I tell the truth, why do you not believe me?
あなた方のうちのだれが,わたしに罪があると責めることができるのか。わたしがあなた方に真理を告げているのなら,なぜわたしを信じないのか。 - 電網聖書『ヨハネによる福音書 8:46』
Consequently, there was a never-ending string of convicts who tried to escape, so the system failed to play its full part to isolate nor to correct these criminals.
そのため逃亡する者が後を絶たず、犯罪者の隔離施設としても、矯正施設としても十分な役割を果たすことが出来なかった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
Katsu made personal visits, calling upon those with influence among the commoners in Edo town; this was to acquire the cooperation of the following groups: The township fire fighter organization, the head Tobishoku (a scaffolding man), the Oyakata (stable master) masters of Bakuto (the race of gamblers), and the heads of the Hinin (one group comprising the lowest rank of Japan's Edo-period caste system [often ex-convicts or vagrants]) residences.
町火消組、鳶職の親分、博徒の親方、非人頭の家を自ら回って協力を求めたという。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
The sons (aged fifteen and under), the mothers, the daughters, the wives, the concubines, the wives and concubines of the sons, the grandparents, the grandchildren, the brothers as well as the subordinate people, assets, farmlands and housing lands of the muhon convicts were confiscated by the government.
年15以下の子、母女(母と娘)、妻妾、子の妻妾、祖孫(祖父母と孫)、兄弟、部曲(隷属民)、資財、田宅が没官になった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
Abe aimed at establishing an impartial and precise standard in order to admonish the arbitrary granting and pave the way for an equivalent opportunity for all convicts to be granted a pardon.
阿部の意向としては恩赦の公正かつ明確な基準を定めてその濫発を戒め、全ての受刑者にその道を開くことを目的としていた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
For the same purpose, the privilege of tax exemption of "kegachi", lands possessed by people who had been treated as Eta and Hinin (groups comprising the lowest rank of Japan's Edo-period caste system (often ex-convicts or vagrants)), was also abolished when Kaiho Rei (Emancipation Edict) was issued.
なお、同様の趣旨をもってえた・非人とされた人々の所有地である「穢地」の免税特権破棄も解放令と同時に行われている。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
There is a historical material about that period describing that these appearances to be distinguished from normal people were because they were hinin (one group comprising the lowest rank in the Japanese society, often ex-convicts or vagrants) and did not avoid taboos, so it can be understood that they were assumed as hinin.
これらの常民と区別される外見については、非人のため禁忌を憚らないためであるとする同時代史料があり、非人と見なされていたことが分かる。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
By Kaiho Rei (Emancipation Edict), which had been put in force before this, the lands of Eta (one group comprising the lowest rank of Japan's Edo-period caste system (people whose work usually involved handling human bodies or animal carcasses)) and Hinin (one group comprising the lowest rank of Japan's Edo-period caste system (often ex-convicts or vagrants)), whose land appointment was omitted, were also treated likewise.
これに先立って施行された解放令によって穢地の指定を外されていたかつての穢多非人の所有地も同様であった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
One goal of the policy was to rehabilitate criminals (they earned small salaries from their labor, and those who repented of their crimes would be released. Convicts on Sadoga-shima Island, much like those at the work-houses of Tsukudajima Island, were given one type of labor to perform, and so if they showed contrition they would receive a tiny sum as savings and, after many years, would be allowed to return to their hometowns), but drainage work was extremely heavy labor, and drainage laborers were so cruelly exploited that it was said they could not survive for more than three years.
犯罪者の更生という目的もあった(作業に応じて小遣銭が支給され、改悛した者は釈放された。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
Kaiho Rei (Emancipation Edict) is the edict of Dajokan (The Grand Council of State) that mainly announced the abolition of the social status system like Eta (a status of group who were the lowest rank of Japan's Edo-period caste system and usually involved in handling human bodies or animal carcasses) and Hinin (a status of group who were the lowest rank of Japan's Edo-period caste system and often ex-convicts or vagrants) made by the Meiji Government on October 12, 1871.
解放令(かいほうれい)とは、明治4年8月28日(旧暦)(1871年10月12日)に明治政府が行った穢多非人等の身分の廃止などの旨を記した太政官布告である。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
Ninsho learned the religious doctorines once again, built Jose-in Temple in 1240 and practiced charities like relief of Hansen's disease patients, and participated in social work such as helping the Hinin (one group comprising the lowest rank of Japan's Edo-period caste system, often ex-convicts or vagrants) by repairing the Hidenin Temple, and while doing so, he took part in propagation of Ritsu sect.
忍性は教学を学びなおしながら、1240年に常施院を設け、ハンセン氏病患者らの救済などの慈善活動、悲田院を改修して非人救済を行うなどの社会事業を行い、この間に律宗布教にも努めた。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
Convicts on Sadoshima Island, much like those at the work-houses of Tsukudajima Island, were given one type of labor to perform, and so if they showed contrition they would receive a tiny sum as savings and, after many years, would be allowed to return to their hometowns), but drainage work was extremely heavy labor, and drainage laborers were so cruelly exploited that it was said they could not survive for more than three years.
佃島の人足寄場とおなじく、囚徒に一種の職をあたえたから、改悟すれば些少の貯蓄を得て年を経て郷里にかえることをゆるされた)が、水替は過酷な重労働であり、3年以上は生存できないといわれるほど酷使された。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
Convicts were eligible for a pardon after serving the specified period of term; namely, 11 years for banishment from one's residence (tokorobarai); 14 years for banishment from Edo (Edobarai); 17 years for banishment from Edo and its outskirts (Edo Juri Shiho Tsuiho); 20 years for light banishment (Keitsuiho); 23 years for medium banishment (Chutsuiho); 26 years for heavy banishment (Jutsuiho); 29 years for exile to a remote island (ento); 10 years for outcast; and 11 years for rehabilitation for Samurai and Buddhist monks.
所払は11年、江戸払14年、江戸十里四方追放17年、軽追放20年、中追放23年、重追放26年、遠島29年、非人手下10年、武士や僧侶の処分取消は11年という基準が定められ、これを越える服役をして初めて資格を得たのである。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
Although Burakumin (modern-day descendants of Japan's feudal outcast group) was then registered as commoners based on the Lowly People Liberation Law, they were registered as new commoners, Eta (one group comprising the lowest rank of Japan's Edo-period caste system (people whose work usually involved handling human bodies or animal carcasses)), Hinin (one group comprising the lowest rank of Japan's Edo-period caste system (often ex-convicts or vagrants)), etc., in the family register of certain areas, leaving a strong sense of discrimination (a part of which was also registered in the family register or the social status registration of 1886).
このとき被差別部落民は賎民解放令に基づき、平民として編入されたが、一部地域の戸籍には新平民や、穢多、非人等と記載されたり等、差別は色濃く残った(一部は明治19年式戸籍や身分登記簿にも登載された)。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
This system had various problems, however, including that of pardons granted too frequently; of temples Kanei-ji and Zojo-ji that were supposedly apolitical were allowed to recommend pardons; of recommendations that only the family of a convict were allowed to ask for (thus it was hardly possible for convicts who had no relatives); and of obscure criteria for granting a pardon because the conference chamber discussed the propriety of each case separately.
しかし、恩赦そのものが濫発されたうえ、本来政治とは無関係である寛永寺や増上寺による口添えの存在、しかもその口添えは受刑者の家族しか出来ない事など(独身者には困難である)様々な問題を抱えており、更に個々の受刑者の恩赦の是非は評定所の個別の審議を経たためにその適用基準も曖昧であった。 - Wikipedia日英京都関連文書対訳コーパス
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