「Electrons」の共起表現(1語右で並び替え)

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共起表現

「Electrons」の共起表現一覧(1語右で並び替え)

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R theory because xenon has two lone pairs of	electrons above and below the plane of the molecule.
969, is considered to be bremsstrahlung from	electrons accelerated in two stages in the solar atmos
Diffraction occurs because the wavelength of	electrons accelerated by a potential of a few thousand
miconductor must have enough energy to raise	electrons across the band gap, or to excite the impuri
s are able to generate excitons by promoting	electrons across the band gap.
r as the light absorption is due to exciting	electrons across the band gap).
	electrons, alpha particles, or hydrogen ions
hus the B2H2 ring is held together with four	electrons, an example of 3-center-2-electron bonding.
that is, all stoichiometric combinations of	electrons and atomic nuclei, in all possible topology
A negative trion consists of two	electrons and one hole and a positive trion consists o
xygen, water is not created and in its place	electrons and hydrogen ions are formed.
e accelerators use electric fields to propel	electrons and their antiparticles to high energies.
collectors to recycle kinetic energy of the	electrons and therefore the secondary winding of the p
This article is about the mobility for	electrons and holes in metals and semiconductors.
ascorbate acts as a reducing agent, donating	electrons and preventing oxidation to keep iron and co
ering from the right), producing x-rays, hot	electrons, and an ion beam, which cannot be seen direc
It began running in 1972, colliding	electrons and positrons with an energy of 3 GeV.
The	electrons and holes react with the surrounding water v
The nitrogen atom has only 6 valence	electrons and is therefore considered an electrophile.
of the neutral atom, the mass of the missing	electrons and their binding energies have to be added
orbitals and orbital energies for the α spin	electrons and a set of molecular orbitals and orbital
e α phase bonds are mediated by the 5f shell	electrons, and can be disrupted by increased temperatu
2's high hardness: a high density of valence	electrons, and an abundance of short covalent bonds.
such as a semiconductor, the number of free	electrons and electron holes changes and raises its el
stripped of	electrons and concentrated into a 2 MW proton beam of
up of a hot, interacting plasma of photons,	electrons, and baryons.
of fixed energy into which can be placed two	electrons and no more.
k current is due to the random generation of	electrons and holes within the depletion region of the
the positive plate, they then give up their	electrons and become positively charged like the plate
It contains no unpaired	electrons and reacts readily with water disproportiona
remnants into leptons (such as positrons and	electrons) and photons.
ATIC cannot distinguish between	electrons and positrons, so it is possible that the tw
first time how much energy it takes to move	electrons and protons in a metal-protein complex
Hence, there is a constant flow of	electrons and associated hydrogens from water for the
interactions is set by the number density of	electrons and positrons, the averaged product of the c
model the interaction between the conduction	electrons and the ions in a crystalline solid.
ectra, and angular distribution of energetic	electrons and protons in interplanetary space and near
to produce an intrinsic region in which the	electrons and holes would be able to reach the contact
the nucleus minus the number of inner shell	electrons and is always a positive value.
ter released two full-length albums, Ancient	Electrons and Besides, Nothing (B-Sides and Rarities,
cted for relativistic effects of high energy	electrons, and for their magnetic moment.
at some of the photons convert into pairs of	electrons and positrons causing a runaway reaction whi
eventually stopped, leaving a trail of free	electrons and ionized molecules.
J R Atkinson et al. 1960 Scattering of	Electrons and Positrons by Xenon and Mercury, Proceedi
"low-spin" since filling an orbital matches	electrons and reduces the total electron spin.
icon CMOS and CCD sensors, some diffusion of	electrons and loss of sharpness in the longer waveleng
field, i.e. if the difference between solar	electrons and protons gets higher, then earth's magnet
Oxygen has 6 valence	electrons and prefers to share two electrons in bondin
purports to show the derivation of photons,	electrons, and U(1) gauge charge, small (relative to t
	Electrons and holes are both fermions with half intege
In solid state physics the properties of	electrons and potentials are determined by the spheric
m, depending upon the number and spin of the	electrons and the orbitals they occupy.
Nanoscale Structure and Dynamics: Neutrons,	Electrons, and X-rays
ccur near the electrode which could transfer	electrons, and that the only Van der Waals interaction
ssume that the whole of space is filled with	electrons and flying electric ions of all kinds.
ctor walls, the SST-Foil should only measure	electrons and the SST-Open only ions.
e processes by which mobile charge carriers (	electrons and electron holes) are created and eliminat
PsH is constructed from one proton, two	electrons, and one positron.
ed in the Sun's core when X-rays scatter off	electrons and protons in the presence of strong electr
so does the surface area hit by the beam of	electrons and therefore the strength of the detected s
ncharged gas molecules will lose one or more	electrons and become charged ions.
H. Stanley Allen,	Electrons and Waves: An Introduction to Atomic Physics
the FIB's two imaging modes, using secondary	electrons and secondary ions, both produced by the pri
Impurities in the crystals trapped	electrons and holes, ruining the performance of the de
to the junction, because the populations of	electrons and/or holes are not even in approximate the
In this Feynman diagram,	electrons annihilate and become a quark-antiquark pair
other words, knowing where all the previous	electrons appeared on the screen and in what order tel
Two	electrons are required to fully reduce the loosely bou
The	electrons are accelerated towards a positively charged
In the electron gun, the free	electrons are gained by thermo-emission from a hot met
accelerator of the microtron type, in which	electrons are accelerated to relativistic velocities.
These	electrons are in resonance with the N-1 nitrogen, dist
This is the case, for example, when the	electrons are close to a metal-insulator transition.
In stage I,	electrons are accelerated effectively to energies of t
As the superconducting	electrons are described by a single coherent wavefunct
When	electrons are required, the x-ray target is retracted
The	electrons are drifted by an electric field toward an a
Collectively, these	electrons are defined as delta radiation when they hav
Debye sheath is reduced, the more energetic	electrons are able to overcome the potential barrier o
rome c peroxidase, the compounds that donate	electrons are very specific, because there is a very c
r the mercury pulls free of the glass, these	electrons are released from the glass into the surroun
increasing effective nuclear charge since f	electrons are not well shielded, compared to d electro
Elements of the series in which the	electrons are in 4f orbitals belong to the lanthanide
The binding energies of the measured	electrons are characteristic of the chemical structure
of metallic bonding, where valence (bonding)	electrons are delocalized and can flow freely between
is region a considerable part of the ambient	electrons are accelerated to energies of several tens
nt meaning since the rules used for counting	electrons are different: every electron belongs to the
Alternatively, the case where both	electrons are retained by one product is known as hete
is prohibited, the fast carriers (often the	electrons) are slowed down and the slow carriers (ofte
and or hydrogen exhibiting a valence pair of	electrons) are responsible for the sensitization of ni
that work on different principles and which	electrons are highly relativistic.
ger number of secondary and/or backscattered	electrons are generated on a surface that is not purel
ave a mass 17, and provided no other nuclear	electrons are gained or lost in the process, an atomic
as you move across a period, the outer-shell	electrons are pulled more and more strongly towards th
The	electrons are thought to be transferred along pili (ex
In condensed matter physics,	electrons are typically described with reference to a
s as main-group elements because the valence	electrons are in ns2 orbitals.
However, these	electrons are slowed down through collisions with the
	Electrons are essentially unaffected by the foil.
urrent is passed through the MEA protons and	electrons are generated at the anode.
The optical radiation emitted when	electrons are hitting a metal surface is named "Lilien
Polarized	electrons are fired at polarized gas targets.
The delocalized	electrons are free to move throughout the plane.
at which the constituent atomic nucleus and	electrons are apparent.
This is permissible since the	electrons are lighter and more mobile than the ions, p
Non-interacting	electrons are therefore typically described by Bloch w
ith high electron density or in a void where	electrons are scarce or absent.
In these ions, two	electrons are delocalized over more than two atoms, re
ring is similar to Rutherford Scattering but	electrons are used instead of Alpha particles as they
n autoionize when either two or more valence	electrons are excited or one or more inner-shell elect
The	electrons are generally trapped in localized states (l
plasma oscillations) or when the	electrons are prevented from moving by a magnetic fiel
Inside the Linac,	electrons are focused and accelerated to form a beam o
	Electrons are assumed to have a mobility 3 times large
y emitted per unit volume and time when free	electrons are captured from ions to recombinate into n
This indicates that the pi	electrons are localized and therefore not considered t
When	electrons are fired singly through a double-slit appar
	Electrons are transported through an external circuit
highest range of electron energies in which	electrons are normally present at absolute zero temper
	Electrons are taken from NADPH via TrxR and are transf
will become trapped in much the same way as	electrons are observed to be trapped under Anderson lo
pen suggesting the presence of delocalised π	electrons arising from a conjugation between the benze
proven experimentally in 2009 that a mass of	electrons artificially confined in a small space toget
onventional microscopes which use photons or	electrons as the emitting source.
tensity and angular distributions of emitted	electrons as well as on the total and partial ion yiel
ses, there was an abrupt cutoff of energetic	electrons as Cassini crossed into the moons' plasma sh
ep the field emission probes which will emit	electrons as soon as a voltage is applied across it.
e Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, which is due to	electrons associated with gas in galaxy clusters scatt
We can model the	electrons at the sheath edge with a Boltzmann distribu
For	electrons at lower energies (below few tens of MeVs),
ding refers to the local change in energy of	electrons at a semiconductor junction due to space cha
ory, is needed to understand the behavior of	electrons at such short distance scales, thus the clas
ton) on an x axis plane to collect and shoot	electrons at a spinning atom to obtain a new atom.
Davisson and Lester Germer fired slow moving	electrons at a crystalline nickel target.
00 years ago) was so bright that it stripped	electrons away from the atoms in the gas in its path,
The more electronegative oxygen atom pulls	electrons away from the carbon forming a greater elect
Finally k is the wavenumber as the	electrons bands are in wavenumber-space.
is an excellent electrical insulator, these	electrons become temporarily trapped within the specim
the laser lost most of its energy in the hot	electrons being generated early in the heating process
	Electrons, being of like charge, repel each other.
In an ordinary covalent bond a pair of	electrons bonds two atoms together, one at either end
leon), nuclear reactions and (especially for	electrons) bremsstrahlung and Cherenkov radiation cont
sults that indicated particles behaving like	electrons, but with a positive charge, though the resu
kobeltsyn detected particles that acted like	electrons but curved in the opposite direction in an a
In AFM, the atoms are probed not by	electrons, but by a sharp vibrating tip.
re more rapid, because the halogen withdraws	electrons by induction and makes remaining hydrogens m
pproximation of the diffraction of a beam of	electrons by atomic nuclei is an extension of Mott sca
The oxidised chlorophyll a replaces the	electrons by photolysis that involves the reduction of
As only one of the	electrons can be transferred from the QH2 donor to a c
rypanothione reductase is the sole path that	electrons can take from NADPH to these antioxidant enz
one of the two ways in which the spin of two	electrons can be combined; the other being a triplet.
Germer (1896-1971), Davisson discovered that	electrons can undergo diffraction, in accordance with
Ejected	electrons can escape only from a depth of approximatel
derivation of the Boltzmann relation for the	electrons can be obtained using the momentum fluid equ
As is further explained below, backscattered	electrons can also be detected by the signal-gas inter
	Electrons can collide with and scatter from anything t
The	electrons can also drop back to ground state after a l
The pair of	electrons can comprise either a covalent bond, or a lo
problem by making the gap narrow enough that	electrons can tunnel across the gap, carrying the heat
The scattering of these	electrons can excite the electronic structure of the s
	Electrons can move (slowly) through an insulator by th
band substantially, with the result that the	electrons cannot pass this edge.
le, when oscillations occur so fast that the	electrons cannot find a new equilibrium (see e.g.
rmionic emission cooling in that fast moving	electrons carry heat across a gap but cannot return du
nductive as a result of delocalization of pi	electrons caused by conjugation over all or part of th
transverse acceleration to the relativistic	electrons, causing them to emit synchrotron radiation.
d, in order to minimize the diffusion of the	electrons coming from the ionization of the gas.
al structure to the behavior of the orbiting	electrons, confining them to certain circular (and lat
In a plasma the free	electrons constantly produce bremsstrahlung in collisi
versity of Birmingham in England showed that	electrons could jump past each other by quantum tunnel
versity of Birmingham in England showed that	electrons could jump from the surface of the metal ont
AC-MIT experiments showed that higher energy	electrons could be scattered through much higher angle
The	electrons created in this process drift toward a reado
The covalent	electrons creating this bond move to attack the hydrog
While most of the high-energy	electrons derived from water are utilized by the cyano
Some of the	electrons derived from the inorganic donors also need
Octahedral low-spin: no unpaired	electrons, diamagnetic, substitutionally inert.
It can be observed how	electrons diffuse away form the surface faster than ho
It donates	electrons directly to molecular oxygen, thereby produc
Having 6 π	electrons, dithietes are aromatic.
In other words, the charge of one mole of	electrons, divided by the number of electrons in a mol
	Electrons do not penetrate as deeply into matter as X-
In this model	electrons don't circulate as in Bohr model, but make a
xin peroxidase (TryP) reduce peroxides using	electrons donated either directly from trypanothione,
This article clarifies (‽) that	electrons don't actually move in their orbitals.
This cascade of recombined	electrons, down the Sr+ energy levels, continues freel
When these	electrons drop back to their former energy levels they
be, the tritium gives off a steady stream of	electrons due to beta decay.
At coronal temperatures,	electrons, due to their much smaller mass, reach escap
The heme iron serves as a source or sink of	electrons during electron transfer or redox chemistry.
high-latitude boundary of trapped energetic	electrons during a magnetically disturbed period.
am is aimed towards an acrylic specimen, the	electrons easily penetrate the surface of the acrylic,
	Electrons emerging from the accelerator have energies
If the	electrons emit a light wave which is 90° out of phase
al electronic forces, including the incoming	electrons emitted by the SEM machine, local charge var
pectroscopy, refers to energy measurement of	electrons emitted from solids, gases or liquids by the
de (plate) is high enough to collect all the	electrons emitted from the hot cathode.
e a very accurate spectrum of the numbers of	electrons emitted with energies very close to this tot
	Electrons emitted at any point are accelerated a modes

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「Electrons」の共起表現一覧(1語右で並び替え)