出典:Wikipedia
出典:『Wikipedia』 (2010/06/05 13:49 UTC 版)
The electron liquid is a model system used by physicists to theoretically study interactions among electrons. The uniform electron liquid is a well known model for simple metals like sodium or Aluminum. The ionic charges are assumed to be smudged out to form a uniform static positive background, and the electrons are assumed to move in this positive background which maintains charge neutrality. This is also known as the Jellium model. If the Coulomb interaction between the electrons is neglected, then we have the free-electron gas, or the free Fermi gas. However, when the Coulomb interaction is switched on, we have a many-body problem of interacting particles.