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出典:『Wikipedia』 (2011/05/27 16:26 UTC 版)

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Iridoids are a class of secondary metabolites found in a wide variety of plants and in some animals. They are monoterpenes biosynthesized from isoprene and they are often intermediates in the biosynthesis of alkaloids. Chemically, the iridoids usually consist of a cyclopentane ring fused to a six-membered oxygen heterocycle. The chemical structure is exemplified by iridomyrmecin, a defensive chemical produced by the Iridomyrmex genus, for which iridoids are named. Cleavage of a bond in the cyclopentane ring gives rise to a subclass known as seco-iridoids. Iridoids are typically found in plants as glycosides, most often bound to glucose.