Wiktionary英語版
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sclavus
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/12/24 22:57 UTC 版)
語源
From Late Latin Sclavus (“Slav”), from Byzantine Greek Σκλάβος (Sklábos), from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ, because Slavs were often forced into slavery in the Middle Ages.
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈskɫa.wʊs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈsklaː.vus]
名詞
sclavus m (genitive sclavī); second declension
- (Medieval Latin) slave
語形変化
Second-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | sclavus | sclavī |
| genitive | sclavī | sclavōrum |
| dative | sclavō | sclavīs |
| accusative | sclavum | sclavōs |
| ablative | sclavō | sclavīs |
| vocative | sclave | sclavī |
派生した語
- Eastern Romance:
- Aromanian: shcljau, shcljeauã
- Romanian: șcheau, șchiau
- Italian: schiavo, stiavo (Tuscany)
- Sardinian: isciabu, isciau, isclavu, iscrau, iscravu, sciau
- Sicilian: scavu
- Friulian: sclâf, sclâv
- Venetan: sciavo, s-ciao
- → Italian: ciao (see there for further descendants)
- → Albanian: shqa (earlier borrowing), skllav (later borrowing)
- → Aromanian: sclav, sclavu
- → Asturian: esclavu
- → Breton: sklav
- → Catalan: esclau
- → Galician: escravo
- → German: Sklave
- → Manx: sleab
- → Middle Dutch: slave
- Dutch: slaaf
- Afrikaans: slaaf
- Negerhollands: slaav
- → Caribbean Javanese: slaf
- → Sranan Tongo: srafu
- Dutch: slaaf
- → Middle French: sclave
- French: esclave
- Haitian Creole: esklav
- → English: slave
- → Welsh: slaf, yslaf
- → Irish: sclábh
- ⇒ Irish: sclábhaí
- French: esclave
- → Middle High German: sklafe, sklave
- German: Sklave, Sclave, Sklav, Slav, Slave, Slaf, Slafe, Schlav, Schlave, Schlaff, Schlaffe (obsolete)
- → Danish: slave
- → Norwegian Bokmål: slave
- → Norwegian Nynorsk: slave
- → Yiddish: שקלאַף (shklaf)
- German: Sklave, Sclave, Sklav, Slav, Slave, Slaf, Slafe, Schlav, Schlave, Schlaff, Schlaffe (obsolete)
- → Occitan: esclau
- → Portuguese: escravo
- → Romanian: sclav
- → Scots: sclave
- → Spanish: esclavo
参考
- ancula (> ancilla)
- anculus
- servus
- familiāris
- sclava
参照
- "sclavus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- ^ “slave”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
- ^ “slave”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
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