英和和英

語源

From 古期英語 beddrida, bedreda, from bedd (“bed”) +‎ rida (“rider”).

Forms in -en are from the 古期英語 plural beddridan, bedredan, but are often reinterpreted as containing the strong past participial suffix -en by analogy with participles functioning as adjectives. Southern and West Midland bedrade, bedraden shows reinterpretation as bed (“bed”) +‎ -rede (“-hood”) was also current, as -rade, -raden were local variants of -rede.

発音

• IPA: /ˈbɛdˌrɛːd(ə)/, /ˈbɛdrɛd(ə)/
• IPA: /ˈbɛdˌrɛːdən/, /ˈbɛdˌrɛdən/ (reinterpreted)
• IPA: /ˈbɛdˌrad(ə)/, /ˈbɛdˌradən/ (Southern, West Midland)

形容詞

bedrede

1. bedridden (confined to bed)
   • 1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “The Marchantes Tale”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 138, verso:

     ffoꝛ wele oꝛ wo / she wol hẏm nat foꝛſake / She nẏs nat werẏ / hẏm to loue / and serue / Thogh þ he lẏ bedrede / tıl he ſterue

     […] through joy and sorrow, she won't abandon him; / she doesn't get tired / of loving and looking after him / Even though he'll lie bedridden until he dies

派生した語

• English: bedridden, bedrid
• Yola: bedreede

名詞

bedrede (uncountable)

1. One or more bedridden individuals.
   • c. 1370, [William Langland], “[Passus 7]”, in Petrus plowmon (V, A-text), Worcestershire, published c. 1390, folio 399, recto; republished as Bodleian Library MS. Eng. poet. a. 1, Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 10 January 2019:

     An Hep of Hermytes. henten heom ſpades. / And doluen drit. ⁊. donge. to dutte Honger oute. / ¶ Blynde and Bedraden. weoꝛe Botned a þouſent

     A heaping of hermits got themselves spades / and scooped dirt and dung to block Hunger; / the blind and bedridden were cured by the thousands.

参照

• “bed-rēde(n, adj. & n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
• “bedridden, adj. & n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
• “bedrid, adj. & n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.