英和和英

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈkeɪ.vəs/
• 韻: -eɪvəs

名詞

cavus (複数形 cavi)

1. (geology) In planetary geology, an irregular steep-sided depression that does not seem to be an impact crater.

関連する語

• pes cavus

アナグラム

• UCAVs

Latin

語源

From Proto-Italic *kawos, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ḱowh₁ós (“hollow”), from *ḱewh₁- (“to swell”). Related to Old Irish cúas (“hollow, cavity”), Tocharian B kor (“throat”), Albanian cup (“odd, uneven”), Ancient Greek κῠ́ᾰρ (kúar, “eye of needle, earhole”), Old Armenian սոր (sor, “hole”), Sanskrit शून्य (śūnya, “empty, barren, zero”), Etruscan ���������� (caveθ). Further related to Proto-Germanic *hūnaz (“outgrowth, swelling; block of wood; offspring”), whence English hune and hound (“projection on a masthead, foretop; bar”).

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈka.u̯us/, [ˈkäu̯ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈka.vus/, [ˈkäːvus]

形容詞

cavus (feminine cava, neuter cavum, 比較級 cavior); first/second-declension adjective

1. hollow, hollowed out, cavernous, concave

   Antonym: plēnus

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.81-82:

     Haec ubi dicta, cavum conversā cuspide montem
     impulit in latus [...].

     As soon as these words were said, [King Aeolus], with [his] lance-head turned over, struck the hollow mountain on [its] side [...].
     (The A-B-B-A pattern known as chiasmus: “cavum conversa cuspide montem.” This example separates the adjective “cavum” from its noun “montem,” かつ creates rhythmical alliteration かつ consonance through three successive hard “c” sounds. In addition, the Latin word order in lines 81-82 builds tension: The reader first pictures the hollow mountain, next the king dramatically overturning his spear towards it, かつ lastly striking his spear against the mountainside.)

2. excavated, channeled
3. vain, empty

   Synonym: inānis

Inflection

First/second-declension adjective.

派生語

関連する語

名詞

cavus m (genitive cavī); second declension

1. Alternative form of cavum.

Inflection

Second-declension noun.

派生した語

参照

• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 592
• “cavus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cavus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• cavus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius かつ others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• cavus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette