出典:Wikipedia
出典:『Wikipedia』 (2011/06/01 21:46 UTC 版)
In historical Germanic society, nīþ (Old Norse: níð; Old English: nīþ, nīð); was a term for a social stigma implying the loss of honour and the status of a villain. A person affected with the stigma is a nīðing (Old Norse: níðingr; Old English: nīðing, nīðgæst; Old High German: nidding). Middle English retained a cognate nithe, meaning "envy", "hate", or "malice".