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sclavus

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/07/04 23:28 UTC 版)

ラテン語

語源

    From Late Latin Sclavus (“Slav”), from Byzantine Greek Σκλάβος (Sklábos), from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ, because Slavs were often forced into slavery in the Middle Ages.

    発音

    名詞

    sclavus m (genitive sclavī); second declension

    1. (Medieval Latin) slave

    語形変化

    Second-declension noun.

    singular plural
    nominative sclavus sclavī
    genitive sclavī sclavōrum
    dative sclavō sclavīs
    accusative sclavum sclavōs
    ablative sclavō sclavīs
    vocative sclave sclavī

    派生した語

    • Eastern Romance:
      • Aromanian: shcljau, shcljeauã
      • Romanian: șcheau, șchiau
    • Italian: schiavo, stiavo (Tuscany)
    • Sardinian: isciabu, isciau, isclavu, iscrau, iscravu, sciau
    • Sicilian: scavu, schiàvu
    • Friulian: sclâf, sclâv
    • Venetan: sciavo, s-ciao
      • → Italian: ciao (see there for further descendants)
    • → Albanian: shqa (earlier borrowing), skllav (later borrowing)
    • → Aromanian: sclav, sclavu
    • → Asturian: esclavu
    • → Breton: sklav
    • → Catalan: esclau
    • → Galician: escravo
    • → Greek: (partially) σκλάβος (sklávos)
    • → German: Sklave
    • → Manx: sleab
    • → Middle Dutch: slave
      • Dutch: slaaf
        • Afrikaans: slaaf
        • Negerhollands: slaav
        • → Caribbean Javanese: slaf
        • → Sranan Tongo: srafu
    • → Middle French: sclave, esclave
      • French: esclave
        • Haitian Creole: esklav
      • → English: slave
        • → Welsh: slaf, yslaf
      • → Irish: sclábh
        • ⇒ Irish: sclábhaí
    • → Middle High German: sklafe, sklave
      • German: Sklave, Sclave, Sklav, Slav, Slave, Slaf, Slafe, Schlav, Schlave, Schlaff, Schlaffe (obsolete)
        • → Danish: slave
        • → Norwegian Bokmål: slave
        • → Norwegian Nynorsk: slave
        • → Yiddish: שקלאַף (shklaf)
    • → Occitan: esclau
    • → Portuguese: escravo
    • → Romanian: sclav
    • → Scots: sclave
    • → Spanish: esclavo

    参考

    • ancula (> ancilla)
    • anculus
    • servus
    • familiāris
    • sclava

    参照

    1. ^ “slave”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
    2. ^ “slave”, in Merriam-Webster.com Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
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