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tharen

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/09/26 19:04 UTC 版)

中期英語

語源 1

From 古期英語 þurfan, from Proto-Germanic *þurbaną. The vocalism in -a- is due to leveling from the present singular forms, while the loss of -f/-v- is probably due to simplification of the consonant cluster in forms like thurfte → thurte, which then analogically spread to forms lacking a cluster.

発音

  • IPA: /ˈθaːrən/, /ˈθarən/

動詞

tharen

  1. (auxiliary) To need to, to be required to
  2. To need, to require, to necessitate.
  3. (auxiliary) To have to, to be obligated to, to ought to
  4. (auxiliary) To be capable of, to be willing to
使用する際の注意点

This verb is frequently conflated with durren due to its similarity with that verb.

Conjugation
Conjugation of tharen (preterite-present, defective)
infinitive —
present tense past tense
1st-person singular thar, tharf thurte, thurfte
2nd-person singular tharst thurtest, thurftest
3rd-person singular thar, tharf thurte, thurfte
subjunctive singular thare, thurve
imperative singular — —
plural tharen, thare, thurven, thurve thurten, thurte, thurften, thurfte
imperative plural — —
participles — —

Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

派生した語
  • Middle Scots: thar
参照

語源 2

代名詞

tharen

  1. alternative form of þeiren
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