英和和英

出典:『Wikipedia』 (2011/07/04 15:14 UTC 版)

英語による解説

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The "Potato Riots", were the mass anti-serfdom motion of udelnye krestyane (imperial peasants; peasants in the personal property lands of the Russian imperial house) (1834) and state peasants (1840–44) in Russian Empire. The reason for rebellion was forceful introduction of potato cultivation. The government selected the best fertile sections for potato from peasant lands. Authorities enforced brutal punishments for the nonfulfillment of the orders and assessed different requisitions. In 1834 unrest flared up in Vyatsky and Vladimir provinces, but it reached its height among the state peasants in 1840-44. Riots appeared simultaneously and they were partly in response to Kiselev reforms of state villages (1837–41). In the provinces of Ural and the lower Volga Region more than 500,000 peasants rose up destroying sowings of potatoes, and thrashing officials. They arbitrarily re-elected wardens, and attacked punitive detachments with weapons. Together with the Russians in riots participated Mari population, also Chuvashes, Udmurts, Tatars, and Komi. Government threw troops to the suppression of riots. In a number of places peasants were shot. Thousands of rebels were convicted, and exiled into Siberia or drafted as soldiers.