英和和英

語源

From Late 中期英語 paissaunt, from Anglo-Norman paisant, from Old French païsant, païsan (“countryman, peasant”), from païs (“country”), from Latin pāgus (“countryside”) + Old French -enc (“member of”), from Frankish -inc, -ing "-ing"; which was an alteration of earlier Late Latin pāgēnsis (“inhabitant of a district”). Doublet of paisano.

Via Latin pāgus cognate with pagan (compare typologically, see there for more).

発音

• IPA: /ˈpɛzənt/
• 韻: -ɛzənt

名詞

peasant (plural peasants)

1. A member of the lowly social class that toils on the land, constituted by small farmers and tenants, sharecroppers, farmhands and other laborers on the land where they form the main labor force in agriculture and horticulture.

   Synonyms: peon, serf

   • 1986, Martin Kitchen, British Policy Towards the Soviet Union during the Second World War‎, Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 137:

     The Ambassador warned him of the consequences if his mission to Moscow were a failure, both to Churchill's position at home and to Russia's prospects in the war. He insisted that he should not allow himself to be offended 'by a peasant who didn't know any better'. Churchill listened in silence, then returned to the dacha leaving Clark Kerr outside.

2. A country person.

   Synonyms: churl, rustic, villager

3. (derogatory) An uncouth, crude or ill-bred person.

   Synonyms: boor; see also Thesaurus:country bumpkin

4. (strategy games) A worker unit.

派生語

形容詞

peasant (not comparable)

1. (attributive) Characteristic of or relating to a peasant or peasants; unsophisticated.

   peasant class

   • 2007, Brad Bird, Ratatouille, spoken by Colette

     Ratatouille? It's a peasant dish. Are you sure you want to serve this to Ego?

2. (obsolete, derogatory) Lowly, vulgar; reprehensible; dishonest.
   • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii], line 520:

     Oh what a Rogue and Pesant slave am I?

Further reading

• Raymond Williams (1983), “Peasant”, in Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society, revised American edition, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, published 1985, →ISBN, page 231.

アナグラム

• patenas, Pestana, Patanes, Tapanes, taepans, anapest