Wiktionary英語版
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cinis
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/02/12 17:52 UTC 版)
別の表記
- ciner m or f, (uncommon) cinus n
- cines, cenis (Late Latin)
語源
Inherited from Proto-Italic *kenis, from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“dust, ashes”).
Cognate with Ancient Greek κόνις (kónis, “dust, ash”), Sanskrit कण (kaṇa, “particle, small grain of dust or rice”), and Tocharian B kentse.
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈkɪ.nɪs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈt͡ʃiː.nis]
名詞
cinis m or f (genitive cineris); third declension
- cold ashes
- (figuratively) ruins of a burned city
使用する際の注意点
The word cinis is used for cold, heavy ashes, while favilla is used for glowing, light ashes (cinders).
語形変化
Third-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | cinis | cinerēs |
| genitive | cineris | cinerum |
| dative | cinerī | cineribus |
| accusative | cinerem | cinerēs |
| ablative | cinere | cineribus |
| vocative | cinis | cinerēs |
関連する語
- cinefactus
- cinerāceus
- cinerārius
- cinerēscō
- cinereus
- cinericius
- cinerōsus
- ciniflō
- concinerātus
- dēcinerātus
- dēcinerēscō
- incinerō
- succinerīcius
派生した語
From cinis, cinerem:
- Italo-Dalmatian:
- Corsican: cenere, cenera, cennera, cendera
- Italian: cenere
- Tuscan and Central Italian: cenere, cendere
- Neapolitan: cennere, cendre, cegnere
- Sicilian: cìnniri
- Calabrese: cìnnara, cìnnari
- Venetan: sènare, séndra (western dialects)
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- Ladin: cender, zendre
- Romansh: tschendra
- Gallo-Italic:
- Emilian: zànnder, sendra, sanar
- Ligurian: çénie, çènia, çènre, çène
- Lombard: sendra, sener, sender
- Piedmontese: sënner, sënre, sëner, sëndre
- Romagnol: sendre, sendra
- Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Franco-Provençal: cindra, cindre
- Old French: cendre
- Bourguignon: çarre
- French: cendre
- Lorrain: cent
- Norman: chendre (Jersey, Guernsey)
- Picard: chaine
- Walloon: cinde
- Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: cenra, cendra, cendre
- Old Occitan: cenre, cendre
- Occitan: cendre, cendra (most dialects)
- Gascon: céner, cena, cièr
- Languedocien: cenre
- Vivaro-Alpine: cindra
- → Old Spanish: cendra
- Occitan: cendre, cendra (most dialects)
From *cinisiam or *cinusiam:
- Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: chigina, chisina
- Balkano-Romance:
- Aromanian: cinushi, cinushe, tsinushã
- Istro-Romanian: țerușe
- Megleno-Romanian: ciănușă, cinușă, tșănușă
- Romanian: cenușă
- Italo-Dalmatian:
- Corsican: cianugia
- Dalmatian: canaisa
- Italian: cinigia, cinice (Marche)
- Neapolitan: cenisa, cinesa (Abruzzo)
- Sicilian: cinisi
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- Friulian: cinise
- Gallo-Italic:
- Piedmontese: sënisia, sinisia
- Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Occitan: cenisa
- Limousin: cenís
- Vivaro-Alpine: chanís
- Occitan: cenisa
- Ibero-Romance:
- Aragonese: cenisa
- Asturian: ceniza
- Old Galician-Portuguese: cĩisa
- Galician: cinza, cinsa
- Portuguese: cinza
- Kabuverdianu: sinza
- Guinea-Bissau Creole: sinsa
- Old Spanish: ceniza, ceniça
- Ladino: seniza / סיניזה
- Spanish: ceniza
参考
- favīlla
参照
- ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “cinis, -eris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 115
Further reading
- “cinis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “cinis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "cinis", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- “cinis”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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