英和和英

出典:『Wikipedia』 (2011/04/29 03:36 UTC 版)

英語による解説

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The existence of anomalous astrophysical and cosmological phenomena like the cosmic acceleration and the dynamics of clusters of galaxies and gas in galaxies themselves recently boosted the growth of several long-range modifications of the usual laws of gravitation. Indeed, the aforementioned phenomena did not found satisfactorily explanations in terms of the standard Newton–Einstein gravitational physics, unless exotic and still undetected forms of matter-energy are postulated. Examples of such entities are, e.g, dark matter and dark energy, identified with the Cosmological Constant. At galactic scales, the most famous modified model of gravity is, perhaps, the MOdified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) proposed in 1983 by Mordehai Milgrom . More recently, also the MOdified Gravity (MOG) by John Moffat took place.