英和和英

発音

• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈnok.tu.la/, [ˈnɔkt̪ulä]

名詞

noctula f (genitive noctulae); first declension

1. (Late Latin, hapax) presumably same sense as noctua
   • ca. 5th–6th c. CE, Mustio, Gynaecia, section LXXXIII:

     iubebant nutrientibus ut ubera omnium animalium manducarent vespertilionum etiam conbustorum vel noctule cineres cum vino bibere dabant vel cum aqua solutum

     They would tell nursing women to eat various animals' udders or even have them drink water or wine with the ashes of burnt bats, or of a night-owl, stirred into it...

2. (Medieval Latin) latinisation of the Italian nottola (“name for various bats and birds”)
   • Ca. 1220's, Sermon by Saint Anthony of Padua :

     Ululae sunt aves nocturnales, dictae ab ululatione vocis quam efferunt, quas vulgo cavones vel noctulas dicunt.

     Screech-owls are nocturnal birds named after the screeching they emit; in the vernacular they are called cavones or noctulas.

   • 1338, Deed of sale in Vicovaro, Italy :

     et medietatem castellarii seu casalis quod dicitur Gripta de Noctulis

     ...and half of the estate known as Gripta de Noctulis [Grotta di Nottole]...

3. (New Latin, biology) a noctule
   • 1804, Johannes Hermann, Observationes zoologicae quibus novae complures aliaeque animalium species describuntur et illustrantur, page 172:

     Vespertilionem noctulam vivam clamosamque, etiam praetereuntium calceis navali pice forte imbutam, tamen avide petiit, diverberatamque diu rostro tandem deglutiit.

     It eagerly chased down a Vespertilio noctula, even though the latter was quite stained with pitch from the boots of passers-by, and after battering it about for a considerable time with its beak, swallowed it alive and screaming.

   • 1830, Johannes Müller, De glandularum secernentium structura penitiori earumque prima formatione in homine atque animalibus, page 40:

     Secretum in Vespertilione murino et V. noctula foetidum atque adiposum auctore Ill. Tiedemann alis lubricandis inservit.

     Per Tiedemann, in the species Vespertilio murinus and Vespertilio noctula, a foul greasy secretion is used to lubricate the wings.

語形変化

First-declension noun.

派生した語

• Italian: nottola (see there for further descendants)
• Old French: nuitre
• Venetian: nòtoła

Forms showing a forward shift in stress, as if *noctulla:

• Franco-Provençal: itoulă, niétôla
• Old Occitan: nuchola
  • Occitan: nichola, nechola, nuechora

参照

• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “nŏctua”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volumes 7: N–Pas, page 163