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pinnaculum

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2024/07/19 22:37 UTC 版)

ラテン語

語源

From pinna (“plume, wing; parapet”). Pinnāculum appears in the Vulgate as a calque of Ancient Greek πτερύγιον (pterúgion, “pinnacle”), diminutive of πτέρυξ (ptérux, “wing”) (alternative translations of the Greek include fastīgium and pinna itself). Therefore, the end of the word appears to be the neuter form of the Latin diminutive suffix -culus. However, pinnāculum is not a regularly formed diminutive: there is an irregular change of gender from the feminine base and an unexpected -ā- between the base and the suffix. The form may have been influenced by that of nouns ending in -āculum that were derived from the instrument noun suffix -culum: the Oxford English Dictionary suggests that the form pinnāculum was possibly based on analogy with prōpugnāculum (“bulwark, rampart”), from prōpugnō +‎ -culum.

発音

名詞

pinnāculum n (genitive pinnāculī); second declension

  1. (Late Latin) a peak, pinnacle
    • c. 160 CE – c. 225 CE, Tertullian, Adversus Iudaeos 8.1:
      Itaque requirenda tempora praedicta et futurae nativitatis Christi et passionis eius et exterminii civitatis Hierusalem id est vastationis eius. Dicit enim Daniel et civitatem sanctam et sanctum exterminari cum duce venturo et destrui pinnaculum usque ad interitum.

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

派生した語

  • → English: pinnacle
  • → French: pinacle
  • Italian: pennacchio (“plume”)
    • → Middle French: pennache
      • French: panache
        • → English: panache
        • → Italian: panache
        • → Romanian: panaș
    • → Portuguese: penacho
    • → Spanish: penacho
  • Italian: pinnacolo (“pinnacle”) (probably borrowed), (possibly) pinnacolo (“pinochle”) (borrowing)
  • Old French: penail
  • → Portuguese: pináculo
  • Sicilian: pinnacchiu
  • → Spanish: pináculo

参照

  1. ^ Burton, Philip (2002) The Old Latin Gospels: A Study of their Texts and Language, page 195
  2. ^ “pinnacle, n.”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, March 2022.

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