spiculumとは 意味・読み方・使い方
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意味・対訳 交尾針; 小棘; スピクラ
発音記号・読み方
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Wiktionary英語版での「spiculum」の意味 |
spiculum
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/03/19 02:07 UTC 版)
語源
From Latin spīculum (“a little sharp point”), from spīcum, alternative form of spīca (“point, spike”).
名詞
- A thrusting javelin used by Romans that replaced the pilum in the late 3rd century.
- A sharp, pointed crystal, especially of ice.
- (zoology) A sharp, needle-like structure, especially those making up the skeleton of a sponge.
- (astronomy) A small radial emission of gas seen in the chromosphere and corona of the sun.
同意語
派生語
- spiculum amoris
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈspiː.kʊ.ɫũː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈspiː.ku.lum]
語形変化
Second-declension noun (neuter).
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | spīculum | spīcula |
| genitive | spīculī | spīculōrum |
| dative | spīculō | spīculīs |
| accusative | spīculum | spīcula |
| ablative | spīculō | spīculīs |
| vocative | spīculum | spīcula |
派生した語
- Italo-Romance:
- Italian: spicolo (“spear, arrow point”), spigolo (“corner, edge”)
- Northern Gallo-Romance:
- ⇒ Picard: épillon (“bee's stinger, barb”)
- Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: espígol (“lavender”)
- Occitan: espic (“lavender”)
- ⇒ Gascon: arrespilh (“piece of wood for patching containers”)
- ⇒? English: spigot (see etymology)
- ⇒ Gascon: arrespilh (“piece of wood for patching containers”)
- Ibero-Romance:
- Aragonese: espígol, espícol, espligo, esplico (“lavender”)
- → Spanish: espliego
- Galician: esprego (“lavender”)
- → Basque: izpiliku
- Aragonese: espígol, espícol, espligo, esplico (“lavender”)
- Borrowings:
- → English: spicule, spiculum
- → French: spicule
- → Portuguese: espículo
From Vulgar Latin *spiclu(m):
- Italo-Romance:
- Italian: spicchio (“wedge, clove”)
- Sicilian: spicchiu (“clove”)
From spīcula (plural):
- Italo-Romance:
- Corsican: spigula (“tap, spigot”)
- Tuscan: specchia (Sillano)
- Gallo-Italic:
- Piedmontese: spigula (Alpine)
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- Ladin: spigola (“comb for flax”)
- Gallo-Romance:
- Old French: espille
- Gallo: épille
- Norman: épile
- Picard: épieule, épiule
- Old French: espille
参照
- Coromines, Joan; Pascual, José Antonio (1984), “espliego”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic etymological dictionary] (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 750
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “spīcŭlum”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 12: Sk–š, page 176
Further reading
- “spiculum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “spiculum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “spiculum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “spiculum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
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