elementとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: ĕl'ĭmənt, IPA^(key): /ˈɛlɪmənt/
• ハイフネーション: el‧e‧ment

名詞

element (複数形 elements)

1. One of the simplest or essential parts or principles of which anything consists, or upon which the constitution or fundamental powers of anything are based.

   Letters are the elements of written language.

   • 1881, Benjamin Jowett, Thucydides

     The simplicity which is so large an element in a noble nature was laughed to scorn.

   1. (chemistry) Any one of the simplest chemical substances that cannot be decomposed in a chemical reaction or by any chemical means and made up of atoms all having the same number of protons.

      Synonyms: chemical element, (まれに, 一般的ではない用法) firststuff

   3. One of the four basic building blocks of matter in theories of ancient philosophers and alchemists: water, earth, fire, and air.
   4. (usually in the plural) A basic, simple substance out of which something is made, raw material.
      • c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], part 1, 2nd edition, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:

        Thus ſhall my heart be ſtil combinde with thine,
        Untill our bodies turne to Elements:
        And both our ſoules aſpire celeſtiall thrones.

   5. (law) A required aspect or component of a cause of action. A deed is regarded as a violation of law only if each element can be proved.
   6. (set theory) One of the objects in a set.

      Synonym: member

   7. (mathematics) One of the entries of a matrix.
   8. Any of the teeth of a zip fastener.
2. A small part of the whole.

   an element of the picture

3. A small but present amount of a quality, a hint.

   an element of doubt

   • 1927, F. E. Penny, chapter 4, in Pulling the Strings:

     The case was that of a murder. It had an element of mystery about it, however, which was puzzling the authorities. A turban and loincloth soaked in blood had been found; also a staff.

4. A factor, one of the conditions contributing to a result.
5. (obsolete) The sky.
   • 1748, [Samuel Richardson], “Letter LXIX”, in Clarissa. Or, The History of a Young Lady: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to VII), London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; […], →OCLC:

     Sometimes, solitude is of all things my wish; and the awful silence of the night, the spangled element, and the rising and setting sun, how promotive of contemplation!

6. (obsolete) Any one of the heavenly spheres believed to carry the celestial bodies.
8. (in the 複数形 only, with "the") Atmospheric forces such as strong winds and rains.

   exposed to the elements

10. A place or state of being that an individual or object is best suited to.

    to be in one's element

11. (Christianity, usually in the plural) The bread and wine taken at Holy Communion.
13. A group of people within a larger group having a particular common characteristic.

    You sometimes find the hooligan element at football matches.

14. (in the 複数形 only) The basic principles of a field of knowledge, basics, fundamentals, rudiments.
15. A component in electrical equipment, often in the form of a coil, having a high resistance, thereby generating heat when a current is passed through it.

    The element in this electric kettle can heat the water in under a minute.

16. (mathematics) An infinitesimal interval of a quantity, a differential.

    The element of area in Cartesian coordinates is dx dy.

17. (astronomy) An orbital element; one of the parameters needed to uniquely specify a particular orbit.
19. (computing) One of the conceptual objects in a markup language, usually represented in text by tags.
    • 2011, Richard Wagner, Creating Web Pages All-in-One For Dummies:

      The div element was introduced into HTML as a solution to the layout problem.

下位語

派生語

関連する語

参考

• atom

動詞

element (三人称単数 現在形 elements, 現在分詞 elementing, 過去形および過去分詞形 elemented)

1. (obsolete) To compound of elements.
   • 1633, John Donne, A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning

     those things which elemented [love]

   • 1661, Robert Boyle, The Sceptical Chymist:

     elemented bodies

   • 1681, Maunyngham, Disc., page 89:

     thou art elemented and organed

2. (obsolete) To constitute and be the elements of.
   • 1658, Izaak Walton, Life of Donne:

     His very soul was elemented of nothing but sadness.

関連する語

• transelement

参照

• Lehmann, R.G. (2011). "27-30-22-26 - How many letters needs an alphabet?". In de Voogt, A.; Quack, J.F. The Idea of Writing: Writing Across Borders. Brill. pp. 15–16, note 8.

Further reading

• element in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
• element in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911

アナグラム

• leetmen