matterとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˈmætə/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈmætɚ/, [-ɾɚ]
• Homophone: madder (some 米国発音 pronunciations)
• 韻: -ætə(ɹ)
• ハイフネーション: mat‧ter

名詞

matter (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 matters)

1. (uncountable) Material, substance.
   1. (physics) The basic structural component of the universe. Matter usually has mass and volume.
   2. (physics) Matter made up of normal particles, not antiparticles.

      Antonym: antimatter

   3. A kind of substance.

      vegetable matter

   4. Printed material, especially in books or magazines.

      He always took some reading matter with him on the plane.

   5. (philosophy) Aristotelian: undeveloped potentiality subject to change and development; formlessness. Matter receives form, and becomes substance.
2. An affair, condition, or subject, especially one of concern or (especially when preceded by the) one that is problematic.

   Is much the matter with the old plan?

   Something is the matter with him.

   state matters

   • 1597, Francis [Bacon], “Of the Colours of Good and Evill, a Fragment”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland […], published 1632, OCLC 863527675:

     So in many armies, if the matter ſhould bee tried by duell betvvene tvvo Champions, the victory ſhould goe on the one ſide, & yet if it be tried by the groſſe, it vvould goe on the other ſide: for excellencies goe as it vvere by chance, but kinds goe by a more certaine Nature, as by Diſcipline in vvarre.

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book III”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], OCLC 228722708; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, OCLC 230729554:

     Son of God, Saviour of men! Thy name / Shall be the copious matter of my song.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Exodus xviii:22:

     Every great matter they shall bring unto thee, but every small matter they shall judge.

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter 8, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., OCLC 222716698:

     The humor of my proposition appealed more strongly to Miss Trevor than I had looked for, and from that time forward she became her old self again; […] . Now she had come to look upon the matter in its true proportions, and her anticipation of a possible chance of teaching him a lesson was a pleasure to behold.

   • 12 July 2012, Sam Adams, AV Club Ice Age: Continental Drift

     The matter of whether the world needs a fourth Ice Age movie pales beside the question of why there were three before it, but Continental Drift feels less like an extension of a theatrical franchise than an episode of a middling TV cartoon, lolling around on territory that’s already been settled.

3. An approximate amount or extent.

   I stayed for a matter of months.

   • 1670, John Milton, “(please specify the page)”, in The History of Britain, that Part Especially now Call’d England. […] , London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for James Allestry, […] , OCLC 946735472:

     No small matter of British forces were commanded over sea the year before.

   • 1692, Roger L’Estrange, “ (please specify the fable number.) (please specify the name of the fable.)”, in Fables, of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists: […], London: […] R[ichard] Sare, […], OCLC 228727523:

     Away he goes, […] a matter of seven miles.

   • 1700, [William] Congreve, The Way of the World, a Comedy. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 228728146, Act III, scene xv, page 47:

     […] I have Thoughts to tarry a ſmall Matter in Town, to learn ſomewhat of your Lingo firſt, before I croſs the Seas.

4. (obsolete) The essence; the pith; the embodiment.
   • 1611, Ben Jonson, Oberon, the Faery Prince

     He is the matter of virtue.

5. (obsolete) Inducing cause or reason, especially of anything disagreeable or distressing.
   • 1644, J[ohn] M[ilton], The Doctrine or Discipline of Divorce: […], 2nd edition, London: [s.n.], OCLC 868004604, book:

     And this is the matter why interpreters upon that passage in Hosea will not consent it to be a true story, that the prophet took a harlot to wife.

6. (dated, medicine) Pus.

使用する際の注意点

• As regards sense 2 (“an affair, condition, または subject, especially one of concern または one that is problematic”), the phrase the matter can in most cases be replaced by the adjective wrong. Thus, a phrase like “there is nothing the matter” can be reworded as “there is nothing wrong”.

同意語

• material
• stuff
• substance

派生語

動詞

matter (三人称単数 現在形 matters, 現在分詞 mattering, 過去形および過去分詞形 mattered)

1. (intransitive) To be important. [from 16th c.]

   The only thing that matters to Jim is being rich.

   Sorry for pouring ketchup on your clean white shirt! - Oh, don't worry, it does not matter.

   • 1915, G[eorge] A. Birmingham [pseudonym; James Owen Hannay], chapter I, in Gossamer, New York, N.Y.: George H. Doran Company, OCLC 5661828:

     As a political system democracy seems to me extraordinarily foolish, […]. My servant is, so far as I am concerned, welcome to as many votes as he can get. […] I do not suppose that it matters much in reality whether laws are made by dukes or cornerboys, but I like, as far as possible, to associate with gentlemen in private life.

   • 2011 April 10, Alistair Magowan, “Aston Villa 1-0 Newcastle”, in BBC Sport:

     Despite further attempts by Agbonlahor and Young, however, they could not find the goal to reward their endeavour.
     It mattered little as Newcastle's challenge faded and Villa began to dominate the game in midfield, and it was only Barton's continued sense of injustice that offered the visitors any spark in a tame contest.

2. (transitive, in negative constructions, now England regional, Caribbean) To care about, to mind; to find important. [from 17th c.]
   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar […], OCLC 928184292:

     , Folio Society 1973, p.47:

     Besides, if it had been out of doors I had not mattered it so much; but with my own servant, in my own house, under my own roof […]

   • 1748, Samuel Richardson, Clarissa, Letter 56:

     He matter'd not that, he said; coy maids made the fondest wives […].

3. (intransitive, medicine, archaic) To form pus or matter, as an abscess; to maturate.
   • a. 1587, Philippe Sidnei [i.e., Philip Sidney], “(please specify the page number)”, in Fulke Greville, Matthew Gwinne, and John Florio, editors, The Covntesse of Pembrokes Arcadia [The New Arcadia], London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, published 1590, OCLC 801077108; republished in Albert Feuillerat, editor, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia (Cambridge English Classics: The Complete Works of Sir Philip Sidney; I), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1912, OCLC 318419127:

     Each slight sore mattereth.

派生語

• it doesn't matter
• no matter (“in spite of”)

同意語

• (be important): signify

Further reading

• matter on Wikipedia.
• matter (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.
• “matter” in the Collins English Dictionary
• “matter” in Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, Longman.