notとは意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音)
  • IPA^(key): /nɒt/, [nɒt]
• (General American)
  • IPA^(key): /nɑt/, [nɑt]
• (Ireland) IPA^(key): [nɞʔt]
• 韻: -ɒt
• Homophone: knot
• Homophone: naught, nought (cot–caught merger)

副詞

not (not comparable)

1. Negates the meaning of the modified verb.

   ‘Do they know?’ ‘I believe not’ (formal)

   • 1973 November 17, Richard Milhous Nixon, Orlando press conference:

     People have got to know whether or not their president is a crook. Well, I'm not a crook. I've earned everything I've got.

   • 1991, Stephen Fry, The Liar, p. 59:

     The sound of Abba singing 'Dancing Queen' had started up in a room the other side of the court. Adrian slammed the window shut.
     ‘That'll teach you to throw things out of the window,’ said Gary.
     ‘It'll teach me not to throw things out of the window.’

   • 1998 January 26, William Jefferson Clinton, White House press conference:

     I want to say one thing to the American people. I want you to listen to me. I'm going to say this again: I did not have sexual relations with that woman, Miss Lewinsky.

   • 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)

     Oh, Pete. This is not the gym. — That’s right, Anna. This is the mailroom.

   Did you take out the trash? No, I did not.

   Not knowing any better, I went ahead.

2. To no degree.

   That is not red; it's green.

   It's not you, it's me.

3. (understatement, litotes) Used to indicate the opposite or near opposite, often in a form of understatement.

   That day was not the best day of my life. (meaning the day was bad または awful)

   It was not my favorite movie of all time. (meaning the speaker dislikes または strongly dislikes the movie)

   In the not too distant future my view on the matter might be not a million miles away from yours.

使用する際の注意点

In modern usage, do-support requires that the form do not ... (または don’t ...) be preferred to ... not for all but a short list of verbs (be, have, can, shall, will, would, may, must, need, ought):

• They do not sow. (modern) vs. They sow not. (KJB)

American usage tends to prefer don’t have or haven’t got to have not or haven’t, except when have is used as an auxiliary (または in the idiom have-not):

• I don’t have a clue or I haven’t got a clue. (US)
• I haven’t a clue or I haven’t got a clue. (outside US)
• I haven’t been to Spain. (universal)

The verb need is only directly negated when used as an auxiliary; this usage is rare in the US but common elsewhere.

• You don’t need to trouble yourself. (common in US)
• You needn’t trouble yourself. (common outside US)
• I don’t need any eggs today. (universal)

The verb dare can sometimes be directly negated.

• I daren't do that.

The verb do, as a main verb, takes do not.

• He does not do that.

In the imperative, all verbs, including be, take do not.

• Don't do that.
• Don't be silly. (not *Be not silly.)

In the infinitive, verbs must be negated directly. In this case not cannot appear after the verb; some authorities recommend placing it before to to avoid a split infinitive, but for most speakers the forms not to do and to not do are more or less interchangeable, with the latter being mostly informal.

• The objective is not to lose or The objective is to not lose.
• I wanted not to go or I wanted to not go. (Note the difference between this かつ I didn't want to go, where want is the verb being negated.)

In the subjunctive mood, do-support is not used for negation; not is placed by itself, or with should, immediately before the verb it modifies, even be:

• They suggested that he (should) not do it.
• The law requires that it (should) not be done.

派生語

• not to put too fine a point on it

関連する語

接続詞

not

1. And not.

   I wanted a plate of shrimp, not a bucket of chicken.

   He painted the car blue and black, not solid purple.

使用する際の注意点

• The construction “A, not B” is synonymous with the constructions “A, and not B”; “not B, but A”; and “not B, but rather A”.

間投詞

not!

1. (slang) Used to indicate that the previous phrase was meant sarcastically or ironically. [chiefly 1990s]

   I really like hanging out with my little brother watching Barney … not!

   Sure, you’re perfect the way you are … not!

   • 1911 March, Zane Grey, “Out on the Field”, in The Young Pitcher, New York, N.Y.: Grosset & Dunlap, OCLC 855302514, page 64:

     You've got a swell chance to make this [baseball] team, you have, not! Third base is my job, Freshie. Why, you tow-head, you couldn't play marbles. You butter-finger, can't you stop anything?

同意語

• bender, I don't think

参考

• Appendix:American Dialect Society words of the year

名詞

not (複数形 nots)

1. Alternative letter-case form of NOT

使用する際の注意点

Boolean operators and states are commonly written in all uppercase in order to distinguish them from the ordinary uses of the words.

参考

参照

• not at OneLook Dictionary Search

アナグラム

• -ton, NTO, ONT, Ont, Ont., TNO, TON, on't, ton

別の表記

• nōt

語源

From Latin nota.

発音

• IPA^(key): /not/

名詞

not m (nominative 複数形 notas)

1. a sign; mark; a mark made on an object

語形変化

派生した語

• Middle English: note, noote
  • Scots: note
  • English: note

名詞

nōt. f ‎(indeclinable)

1. Abbreviation of nōtitia.