bookとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English bok, book, from 古期英語 bōc, from Proto-West Germanic *bōk, from Proto-Germanic *bōks. Eclipsed non-native Middle English livret, lyveret (“book, booklet”) from Old French livret (“book, booklet”). Bookmaker sense by clipping.

別の表記

• booke (古風な用法)

名詞

A hard-cover book.

The coat of arms of Oxford (like several other universities) depicts a book.

book (複数形 books)

1. A collection of sheets of paper bound together to hinge at one edge, containing printed or written material, pictures, etc.
   • 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene ii], page 3, column 1:

     Knowing I lou'd my bookes, he furniſhd me / From mine owne Library, with volumes, that / I prize aboue my Dukedome.

   • 1962, James East Irby translating Luis Borges as "The Library of Babel":

     I repeat: it suffices that a book be possible for it to exist. Only the impossible is excluded. For example: no book can be a ladder, although no doubt there are books which discuss and negate and demonstrate this possibility and others whose structure corresponds to that of a ladder.

   • 1983, Steve Horelick & al., "Reading Rainbow":

     I can be anything.
     Take a look!
     It's in a book:
     A reading rainbow.

   • 1991, Stephen Fry, The Liar, page 51:

     Trefusis's quarters could be described in one word. Books. Books and books and books. And then, just when an observer might be lured into thinking that that must be it, more books... Trefusis himself was highly dismissive of them. ‘Waste of trees,’ he had once said. ‘Stupid, ugly, clumsy, heavy things. The sooner technology comes up with a reliable alternative the better... The world is so fond of saying that books should be “treated with respect”. But when are we told that words should be treated with respect?’

   She opened the book to page 37 and began to read aloud.

   He was frustrated because he couldn't find anything about dinosaurs in the book.

2. A long work fit for publication, typically prose, such as a novel or textbook, and typically published as such a bound collection of sheets, but now sometimes electronically as an e-book.

   I have three copies of his first book.

   • 2022 December 6, Stephen Marche, quoting Sam Bankman-Fried, “The College Essay Is Dead”, in The Atlantic‎^[1]:

     “I would never read a book,” he once told an interviewer. “I don’t want to say no book is ever worth reading, but I actually do believe something pretty close to that.”

3. A major division of a long work.

   Genesis is the first book of the Bible.

   Many readers find the first book of A Tale of Two Cities to be confusing.

   Synonyms: tome, volume

4. (gambling) A record of betting (from the use of a notebook to record what each person has bet).

   I'm running a book on who is going to win the race.

5. (informal) A bookmaker (a person who takes bets on sporting events かつ similar); bookie; turf accountant.
6. A convenient collection, in a form resembling a book, of small paper items for individual use.

   a book of stamps

   a book of raffle tickets

   Synonym: booklet

7. (theater) The script of a musical or opera.

   Synonym: libretto

   • 2010, David Baskerville, ‎Tim Baskerville, Music Business Handbook and Career Guide (page 172)

     The guild helps ensure that the ownership and control of the music, lyrics, and book of a show remain in the hands of its authors and composers—not the producers.

8. (usually in the plural) Records of the accounts of a business.

   Synonyms: account, record

9. (law, colloquial) A book award, a recognition for receiving the highest grade in a class (traditionally an actual book, but recently more likely a letter または certificate acknowledging the achievement).
10. (whist) Six tricks taken by one side.
11. (poker slang) Four of a kind.^[2]
12. (sports) A document, held by the referee, of the incidents happened in the game.
13. (sports, by extension) A list of all players who have been booked (received a warning) in a game.
    • 2011 March 2, Andy Campbell, “Celtic 1 - 0 Rangers”, in BBC‎^[2]:

      Celtic captain Scott Brown joined team-mate Majstorovic in the book and Rangers' John Fleck was also shown a yellow card as an ill-tempered half drew to a close.

14. (cartomancy) The twenty-sixth Lenormand card.
15. (figuratively) Any source of instruction.
16. (with "the") The accumulated body of knowledge passed down among black pimps.
    • 1974, Adrienne Lanier Seward, The Black Pimp as a Folk Hero (page 11)

      The Book is an oral tradition of belief in The Life that has been passed down from player to player from generation to generation.

    • 1994, Antiquarian Book Monthly (volume 21, page 36)

      On the other hand The Book is an oral tradition containing the rules and principles to be adopted by a pimp who wishes to be a player.

17. (advertising, informal) A portfolio of one's previous work in the industry.
    • 2017, Nik Mahon, Basics Advertising 02: Art Direction (page 8)

      Getting your book (portfolio) organised is the first step, and knowing both what to include, and what to leave out, is an essential step towards achieving that important agency placement.

    • Idea Industry (page 27)

      Your portfolio — your book — has to be killer.

同意語

• See Thesaurus:book

下位語

• See Thesaurus:book

派生語

派生した語

参考

• incunable
• scroll
• tome
• volume

語源 2

From Middle English booken, boken, from 古期英語 bōcian, ġebōcian, from the noun (see above).

動詞

book (三人称単数 現在形 books, 現在分詞 booking, 過去形および過去分詞形 booked)

2. (transitive) To reserve (something) for future use.

   I want to book a hotel room for tomorrow night.

   I can book tickets for the concert next week.

   • 2020 December 2, Paul Bigland, “My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, in Rail, page 68:

     I haven't booked, so I don't have a clue as to whether the service will be busy or not. Supposedly, reservations are compulsory, but I want to find out what would happen if you just turn up.

   Synonym: reserve

3. (transitive) To write down, to register or record in a book or as in a book.

   They booked that message from the hill

   Synonyms: make a note of, note down, record, write down

4. (transitive) To add a name to the list of people who are participating in something.

   I booked a flight to New York.

   Synonyms: sign up, register, reserve, schedule, enroll

5. (law enforcement, transitive) To record the name and other details of a suspected offender and the offence for later judicial action.

   The police booked him for driving too fast.

6. (sports) To issue a caution to, usually a yellow card, or a red card if a yellow card has already been issued.
7. (intransitive, slang) To travel very fast.

   He was really booking, until he passed the speed trap.

   Synonyms: bomb, hurtle, rocket, speed, shoot, whiz

8. To record bets as bookmaker.
9. (transitive, law student スラング) To receive the highest grade in a class.

   The top three students had a bet on which one was going to book their intellectual property class.

10. (intransitive, slang) To leave.

    He was here earlier, but he booked.

派生語

語源 3

From Middle English book, bok, from 古期英語 bōc, from Proto-Germanic *bōk, first and third person singular indicative past tense of Proto-Germanic *bakaną (“to bake”).

動詞

book

1. (UK dialectal, Northern England) simple past tense of bake

参照

アナグラム

• Boko, Koob, boko, bòkò, kobo