boundとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /ˈbaʊnd/
• 韻: -aʊnd

語源 1

From Middle English bound, bund (preterite) and bounden, bunden, ibunden, ȝebunden (過去分詞), from 古期英語 bund- and bunden, ġebunden respectively. See bind.

動詞

bound

1. simple past tense and past participle of bind
   • 1905, Baroness Emmuska Orczy, chapter 1, in The Fate of the Artemis‎^[1]:

     “[…] Captain Markam had been found lying half-insensible, gagged and bound, on the floor of the sitting-room, his hands and feet tightly pinioned, and a woollen comforter wound closely round his mouth and neck ; whilst Mrs. Markham's jewel-case, containing valuable jewellery and the secret plans of Port Arthur, had disappeared. […]”

   I bound the splint to my leg.

   I had bound the splint with duct tape.

形容詞

bound (not comparable)

1. (with infinitive) Obliged (to).
   • 1905, Baroness Emmuska Orczy, chapter 5, in The Hocussing of Cigarette‎^[2]:

     Then I had a good think on the subject of the hocussing of Cigarette, and I was reluctantly bound to admit that once again the man in the corner had found the only possible solution to the mystery.

   You are not legally bound to reply.

2. (linguistics, of a morpheme) That cannot stand alone as a free word.
3. (mathematics, logic, of a variable) Constrained by a quantifier.
4. (dated) Constipated; costive.
5. Confined or restricted to a certain place; e.g. railbound.
6. Unable to move in certain conditions; e.g. snowbound.

反意語

• (logic: constrained by a quantifier): free

下位語

語源 2

From Middle English bound, bownde, alternation (with -d partly for euphonic effect かつ partly by association with Etymology 1 above) of Middle English boun, from Old Norse búinn, past participle of búa (“to prepare”).

形容詞

bound (comparative more bound, superlative most bound)

1. (obsolete) Ready, prepared.
2. Ready to start or go (to); moving in the direction (of).

   Which way are you bound?

   Is that message bound for me?

   • 1610–1611, William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene ii], page 4:

     Ar. […] and for the reſt o'th' Fleet / (Which I diſpers'd) they all haue met againe, / And are vpon the Mediterranean Flote / Bound ſadly home for Naples, / Suppoſing that they ſaw the Kings ſhip wrackt, / And his great perſon periſh.

3. (with infinitive) Very likely (to), certain to
   • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 5, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

     When you're well enough off so's you don't have to fret about anything but your heft or your diseases you begin to get queer, I suppose. And the queerer the cure for those ailings the bigger the attraction. A place like the Right Livers' Rest was bound to draw freaks, same as molasses draws flies.

   They were bound to come into conflict eventually.

派生語

関連する語

• bound to
• I'll be bound

語源 3

From Middle English bounde, from Old French bunne, from Medieval Latin bodina, earlier butina (“a bound, limit”)

名詞

bound (複数形 bounds)

1. (often used in 複数形) A boundary, the border which one must cross in order to enter or leave a territory.

   I reached the northern bound of my property, took a deep breath and walked on.

   Somewhere within these bounds you may find a buried treasure.

3. (mathematics) A value which is known to be greater or smaller than a given set of values.

   Hyponyms: upper bound, lower bound

派生語

語源 4

From Middle English bounden, from the noun (see above).

動詞

bound (三人称単数 現在形 bounds, 現在分詞 bounding, 過去形および過去分詞形 bounded)

1. To surround a territory or other geographical entity; to form the boundary of.

   France, Portugal, Gibraltar and Andorra bound Spain.

   Kansas is bounded by Nebraska on the north, Missouri on the east, Oklahoma on the south and Colorado on the west.

   • 1884, Alfred Ronald Conkling, Appleton's Guide to Mexico, page 25:

     Mexico is bounded on the north by the United States of America, whose frontier is marked as follows: from the mouth of the Rio Bravo, or Rio Grande del Norte, following the course of the river to the parallel of 31° 47'; […]

   • 1960 September, “Talking of Trains: News in Brief”, in Trains Illustrated, page 523:

     The Scottish Region is issuing a Day Rail-Rover Ticket, available at 12 hours' notice, permitting unlimited travel in an area bounded by Edinburgh, St. Andrews, Dundee, Perth, Comrie, Callander, Stirling and Falkirk for 25s. (children, 12s. 6d.). . . .

2. (transitive, mathematics) To be the bound of.

派生語

語源 5

From Middle English *bounden (attested as bounten), from French bondir (“leap", "bound", originally "make a loud resounding noise”); perhaps from Late Latin bombitāre, present active infinitive of bombitō (“hum, buzz”), frequentative verb, from Latin bombus (“a humming または buzzing”).

名詞

bound (複数形 bounds)

1. A sizeable jump, great leap.

   The deer crossed the stream in a single bound.

2. A spring from one foot to the other in dancing.
3. (dated) A bounce; a rebound.
   • 1598, John Florio, “Balzo”, in A Worlde of Words, or Most Copious, and Exact Dictionarie in Italian and English, […], printed at London: By Arnold Hatfield for Edw[ard] Blount, OCLC 222555892:

     Balzo, a bound of a ball

派生語

• by leaps and bounds

動詞

bound (三人称単数 現在形 bounds, 現在分詞 bounding, 過去形および過去分詞形 bounded)

1. (intransitive) To leap, move by jumping.
   • 1986, John le Carré, A Perfect Spy:

     They make love, he hauls her to the bath, washes her, hauls her out and dries her, and twenty minutes later Mary and Magnus are bounding across the little park on the top of Döbling like the happy couple they nearly are, past the sandpits and the climbing frame that Tom is too big for, past the elephant cage where Tom kicks his football, down the hill towards the Restaurant Teheran which is their improbable pub because Magnus so adores the black and white videos of Arab romances they play for you with the sound down while you eat your couscous and drink your Kalterer.

   The rabbit bounded down the lane.

2. (transitive) To cause to leap.

   to bound a horse

   • 1599, William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, かつ the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

     , Act V, Scene II, page 93:

     […] Or if I might buffet for my Loue, or bound my Horſe for her fauours, I could lay on like a Butcher, and fit like a Iack an Apes, neuer off.

3. (intransitive, dated) To rebound; to bounce.

   a rubber ball bounds on the floor

4. (transitive, dated) To cause to rebound; to throw so that it will rebound; to bounce.

   to bound a ball on the floor

派生語

• rebound