catchとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (MLE) IPA: /kat͡ʃ/
• (Received Pronunciation, General Australian) enPR: kăch, IPA: /kat͡ʃ/, (obsolete) /kɛt͡ʃ/
• (General Australian) enPR: kăch, IPA: /kæt͡ʃ/
• (米国発音, Canada) enPR: kăch, kĕch, IPA: /kæt͡ʃ/, /kɛt͡ʃ/
  • Noah Webster's American Dictionary (1828) regards /kɛt͡ʃ/ as the "popular or common pronunciation." It is labeled "not infreq[uent]" in Kenyon & Knott (1949).
• (Southern 米国発音, obsolete) enPR: kŏch, IPA: /kɑt͡ʃ/ (see cotch)
• Homophone: ketch (pronunciations as /kɛt͡ʃ/)
• 韻: -ætʃ, -ɛtʃ

名詞

catch (countable and uncountable, plural catches)

1. (countable) The act of seizing or capturing.

   The catch of the perpetrator was the product of a year of police work.

2. (countable) The act of catching an object in motion, especially a ball.

   The player made an impressive catch.

   Nice catch!

3. (countable) The act of noticing, understanding or hearing.

   Good catch. I never would have remembered that.

   • 2008, John I. Carney, Soapstone, page 74:

     "In that case," said Jeff, "I just thought of something else we need." He walked over to one of the stations that was selling household goods and bought a can opener.
     "Nice catch," said Lucy.

4. (uncountable) The game of catching a ball.

   The kids love to play catch.

5. (countable) Something which is captured or caught.

   The fishermen took pictures of their catch.

   The catch amounted to five tons of swordfish.

6. (countable, colloquial, by extension) A find, in particular a boyfriend or girlfriend or prospective spouse.

   Did you see his latest catch?

   He's a good catch.

   • 2014 July 10, Jocelyn Samara D., Rain (webcomic), Comic 561 - A Catch:

     "Aaaugh! Just once, I wish I could be considered a catch by men younger than fifty..."

7. (countable) A stopping mechanism, especially a clasp which stops something from opening.

   She installed a sturdy catch to keep her cabinets closed tight.

8. (countable) A hesitation in voice, caused by strong emotion.

   There was a catch in his voice when he spoke his father's name.

9. (countable, sometimes noun adjunct) A concealed difficulty, especially in a deal or negotiation.

   Synonym: hitch

   It sounds like a great idea, but what's the catch?

   Be careful, that's a catch question.

10. (countable) A crick; a sudden muscle pain during unaccustomed positioning when the muscle is in use.

    I bent over to see under the table and got a catch in my side.

11. (countable) A fragment of music or poetry.
    • 1852, Mrs M.A. Thompson, “The Tutor's Daughter”, in Graham's American Monthly Magazine of Literature, Art, and Fashion‎, page 266:

      In the lightness of my heart I sang catches of songs as my horse gayly bore me along the well-remembered road.

    • 1872, Harriet Martineau, Deerbrook, page 90:

      "'Fair Enslaver!'" cried Mr. Enderby. "You must know 'Fair Enslaver:' there is not a sweeter catch than that. Come, Miss Ibbotson, begin; your sister will follow, and I—"
      But it so happened that Miss Ibbotson had never heard 'Fair Enslaver.'

12. (obsolete) A state of readiness to capture or seize; an ambush.
    • 1678, John Bunyan, The Pilgrim's Progress, Part I Section 3:

      You lie at the catch again: this is not for edification.

    • 1655, Thomas Fuller, The Church-history of Britain; […], London: […] Iohn Williams […], →OCLC, (please specify |book=I to XI):

      The common and the canon law […] lie at catch, and wait advantages one against another.

13. (countable, agriculture) A crop which has germinated and begun to grow.
    • 1905, Eighth Biennial Report of the Board of Horticulture of the State of Oregon‎, page 204:

      There was a good catch of rye and a good fall growth.

14. (obsolete) A type of strong boat, usually having two masts; a ketch.
    • 1612, John Smith, Map of Virginia, Kupperman, published 1988, page 158:

      Fourteene miles Northward from the river Powhatan, is the river Pamaunke, which is navigable 60 or 70 myles, but with Catches and small Barkes 30 or 40 myles farther.

15. (countable, music) A type of humorous round in which the voices gradually catch up with one another; usually sung by men and often having bawdy lyrics.
    • 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:

      Let us be jocund: will you troll the catch / You taught me but while-ere?

    • 1966, Allen Tate, T. S. Eliot: The Man and His Work‎, page 76:

      One night, I remember, we sang a catch, written (words and music) by Orlo Williams, for three voices.

16. (countable, music) The refrain; a line or lines of a song which are repeated from verse to verse.
    • 2003, Robert Hugh Benson, Come Rack! Come Rope!‎, page 268:

      The phrase repeated itself like the catch of a song.

17. (countable, cricket, baseball) The act of catching a hit ball before it reaches the ground, resulting in an out.
    • 1997 May 10, Henry Blofeld, “Cricket: Rose and Burns revive Somerset”, in The Independent‎:

      It was he who removed Peter Bowler with the help of a good catch at third slip.

18. (countable, cricket) A player in respect of his catching ability; particularly one who catches well.
    • 1894 September 16, “To Meet Lord Hawke's Team”, in The New York Times‎, page 21:

      […] in the field he is all activity, covers an immense amount of ground, and is a sure catch.

19. (countable, rowing) The first contact of an oar with the water.
    • 1935 June 7, Robert F. Kelley, “California Crews Impress at Debut”, in The New York Times‎, page 29:

      They are sitting up straighter, breaking their arms at the catch and getting on a terrific amount of power at the catch with each stroke.

20. (countable, phonetics) A stoppage of breath, resembling a slight cough.
    • 1891 February–December, Robert Louis Stevenson, In the South Seas […], New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, published 1896, →OCLC:

      When a Scot pronounces water, better, or bottle—wa’er, be’er, or bo’le—the sound is precisely that of the catch; […] .

    • 2006, Mitsugu Sakihara et al., Okinawan-English Wordbook‎, →ISBN:

      The glottal stop or glottal catch is the sound used in English in the informal words uh-huh 'yes' and uh-uh 'no'.

21. Passing opportunities seized; snatches.
    • 1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], “Introduction”, in An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:

      the way it has been writ in, by catches, and many long intervals of interruption

22. A slight remembrance; a trace.
    • 1665, Joseph Glanvill, Scepsis Scientifica: Or, Confest Ignorance, the Way to Science; […], London: […] E. C[otes] for Henry Eversden […], →OCLC:

      We retain a catch of those pretty stories.

同意語

• (act of capturing): seizure, capture, collar, snatch
• (the act of catching a ball): grasp, snatch
• (act of noticing): observation
• (a find): prize, find; conquest, beau
• (quantity captured): haul, take
• (stopping mechanism): stop, chock; clasp, hasp, latch
• (hidden difficulty): snag, problem; trick, gimmick, hitch
• (fragment of music): snatch, fragment; snippet, bit
• (refrain): chorus, refrain, burden

派生語

動詞

catch (third-person singular simple present catches, present participle catching, simple past and past participle caught)

1. (heading) To capture, overtake.
   1. (transitive) To capture or snare (someone or something which would rather escape). [from 13c.]

      I hope I catch a fish.

      He ran but we caught him at the exit.

      The police caught the robber at a nearby casino.

   2. (transitive) To entrap or trip up a person; to deceive. [from 14c.]
      • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Mark 12:13:

        And they send unto him certain of the Pharisees and of the Herodians, to catch him in his words.

   3. (transitive, figuratively, dated) To marry or enter into a similar relationship with.
      • 1933, Sinclair Lewis, Ann Vickers‎, page 108:

        The public […] said that Miss Bogardus was a suffragist because she had never caught a man; that she wanted something, but it wasn't the vote.

      • 1990 February 4, Vanessa Nemeth, Stephanie Poggi, “Bumps And All”, in Gay Community News, volume 17, number 29, page 12:

        "She caught this blanquito guy from El Condado," and you immediately know "My god, all that money."

      • 2006, Michael Collier, Georgia Machemer, Medea‎, page 23:

        As for Aspasia, concubinage with Pericles brought her as much honor as she could hope to claim in Athens. […] from the moment she caught her man, this influential, unconventional woman became a lightning rod […].

   4. (transitive) To reach (someone) with a strike, blow, weapon etc. [from 16c.]

      If he catches you on the chin, you'll be on the mat.

      • 2011 September 28, Jon Smith, “Valencia 1-1 Chelsea”, in BBC Sport:

        The visitors started brightly and had an early chance when Valencia's experienced captain David Albeda gifted the ball to Fernando Torres, but the striker was caught by defender Adil Rami as he threatened to shoot.

   5. (transitive) To overtake or catch up to; to be in time for. [from 17c.]

      If you leave now you might catch him.

      I would love to have dinner but I have to catch a plane.

      • 2011 Allen Gregory, "Pilot" (season 1, episode 1):

        Allen Gregory DeLongpre: Did anyone catch the Charlie Rose the evening before last. Did you catch it? No, nothing?

      • 2014 December 5, Marina Hyde, “Childbirth is as awful as it is magical, thanks to our postnatal ‘care’”, in The Guardian‎:

        For reasons I shan’t bore you with, I got them to induce me at 39 weeks, at 10am, with the epidural going in first, and it was all a dream. […] But it was all over in time for my daughter to catch the Nigeria v Argentina World Cup game that evening, during which she seemed to reckon everything was miles offside.

   6. (transitive) To unpleasantly discover unexpectedly; to unpleasantly surprise (someone doing something). [from 17c.]

      He was caught on video robbing the bank.

      He was caught in the act of stealing a biscuit.

      • 1952, Nikos Kazantzakis, chapter 1, in Carl Wildman, transl., Zorba the Greek, New York, N.Y.: Simon & Schuster, translation of Βίος και πολιτεία του Αλέξη Ζορμπά [Víos kai politeía tou Aléxi Zormpá], →ISBN, page 5:

        Once he caught me gazing lingeringly and eagerly at him. He turned round with that mocking air he assumed when he wanted to hide his feelings.

   7. (transitive) To travel by means of. [from 19c.]

      catch the bus

      • 1920, Katherine Mansfield [pseudonym; Kathleen Mansfield Murry], “The Escape”, in Bliss and Other Stories, London: Constable & Company, published 1920, →OCLC, page 273:

        The glare, the flies, while they waited, and he and the stationmaster put their heads together over the time-table, trying to find this other train, which, of course, they wouldn't catch.

      • 1987, A.J. Quinnell, In the Name of the Father‎, page 111:

        After about a kilometer I caught a taxi to Santa Croce.

   8. (transitive, rare) To become pregnant. (Only in past tense or as participle.) [from 19c.]
      • 2002, Orpha Caton, Shadow on the Creek‎, pages 102–103:

        Had Nancy got caught with a child? If so she would destroy her parent's dreams for her.

2. (heading) To seize hold of.
   1. (transitive, dated) To grab, seize, take hold of. [from 13c.]

      I caught her by the arm and turned her to face me.

      • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto II”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

        Her aged Nourse, whose name was Glaucè hight, / Feeling her leape out of her loathed nest, / Betwixt her feeble armes her quickly keight […]

   2. (transitive) To take or replenish something necessary, such as breath or sleep. [from 14c.]

      I have to stop for a moment and catch my breath

      I caught some Z's on the train.

   3. (transitive) To grip or entangle. [from 17c.]

      My leg was caught in a tree-root.

   4. (intransitive) To be held back or impeded.

      Be careful your dress doesn't catch on that knob.

      His voice caught when he came to his father's name.

      • 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter II, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:

        Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. Indeed, a nail filed sharp is not of much avail as an arrowhead; you must have it barbed, and that was a little beyond our skill.

   5. (intransitive) To engage with some mechanism; to stick, to succeed in interacting with something or initiating some process.

      Push it in until it catches.

      The engine finally caught and roared to life.

   6. (transitive) To have something be held back or impeded.

      I caught my heel on the threshold.

   7. (intransitive) To make a grasping or snatching motion (at). [from 17c.]

      He caught at the railing as he fell.

   8. (transitive, of fire) To spread or be conveyed to. [from 18c.]

      The fire spread slowly until it caught the eaves of the barn.

   9. (transitive, rowing) To grip (the water) with one's oars at the beginning of the stroke. [from 19c.]
      • 1906, Arthur W. Stevens, Practical Rowing with Scull and Sweep‎, page 63:

        Stop gathering, in that gradual fashion, and catch the water sharply and decisively.

   10. (intransitive, agriculture) To germinate and set down roots. [from 19c.]

       The seeds caught and grew.

   11. (transitive, surfing) To contact a wave in such a way that one can ride it back to shore.
       • 2001, John Lull, Sea Kayaking Safety & Rescue‎, page 203:

         If you are surfing a wave through the rocks, make sure you have a clear route before catching the wave.

   12. (transitive, computing) To handle an exception. [from 20c.]

       When the program catches an exception, this is recorded in the log file.

3. (heading) To intercept.
   1. (transitive) To seize or intercept an object moving through the air (or, sometimes, some other medium). [from 16c.]

      I will throw you the ball, and you catch it.

      Watch me catch this raisin in my mouth.

   2. (transitive, now rare) To seize (an opportunity) when it occurs. [from 16c.]
      • 1811, [Jane Austen], “18”, in Sense and Sensibility […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] C[harles] Roworth, […], and published by T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC:

        she internally resolved henceforward to catch every opportunity of eyeing the hair and of satisfying herself, […].

   3. (transitive, cricket) To end a player's innings by catching a hit ball before the first bounce. [from 18c.]

      Townsend hit 29 before he was caught by Wilson.

   4. (transitive, intransitive, baseball) To play (a specific period of time) as the catcher. [from 19c.]

      He caught the last three innings.

4. (heading) To receive (by being in the way).
   1. (transitive) To be the victim of (something unpleasant, painful etc.). [from 13c.]

      You're going to catch a beating if they find out.

   2. (transitive) To be touched or affected by (something) through exposure. [from 13c.]

      The sunlight caught the leaves and the trees turned to gold.

      Her hair was caught by the light breeze.

   3. (transitive) To become infected by (an illness). [from 16c.]

      Everyone seems to be catching the flu this week.

   4. (intransitive) To spread by infection or similar means.
      • 1712 (date written), [Joseph] Addison, Cato, a Tragedy. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […], published 1713, →OCLC, Act I, scene ii, page 5:

        Does the sedition catch from man to man?

      • 1817, Mary Martha Sherwood, Stories Explanatory of the Church Catechism:

        He accosted Mrs. Browne very civilly, told her his wife was very ill, and said he was sadly troubled to get a white woman to nurse her: "For," said he, "Mrs. Simpson has set it abroad that her fever is catching."

   5. (transitive, intransitive) To receive or be affected by (wind, water, fire etc.). [from 18c.]

      The bucket catches water from the downspout.

      The trees caught quickly in the dry wind.

      • 2003, Jerry Dennis, The Living Great Lakes‎, page 63:

        the sails caught and filled, and the boat jumped to life beneath us.

      • 2008 June 9, Alastair Macaulay, “In Student Steps and Leaps, a Survey of National Styles”, in The New York Times‎, archived from the original on 28 January 2025:

        And the Bolshoi Ballet Academy’s account of the Grand Pas Classique from “Paquita” […] exemplified the spectacular czarist ideal of ballet that has long since became widely accepted as “classical ballet.” […] It catches an American athleticism and energetic team spirit that still seem to smash European notions of ballet classicism, as does its dancers’ selfless manner and their practicelike costumes.

   6. (transitive) To acquire, as though by infection; to take on through sympathy or influence. [from 16c.]

      She finally caught the mood of the occasion.

      And the next thing I knew, I had caught feelings for her.

   7. (transitive) To be hit by something.

      He caught a bullet in the back of the head last year.

   8. (intransitive) To serve well or poorly for catching, especially for catching fish.
      • 1877, Annual Report of the Ohio State Board of Agriculture, page 135:

        The nets caught well, and Mr. Deeley reported it the best fishing ground he ever tried.

   9. (intransitive) To get pregnant.

      Well, if you didn't catch this time, we'll have more fun trying again until you do.

5. (heading) To take in with one's senses or intellect.
   1. (transitive) To grasp mentally: perceive and understand. [from 16c.]

      Did you catch his name?

      Did you catch the way she looked at him?

      • 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter IX, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:

        “A tight little craft,” was Austin’s invariable comment on the matron; […]. ¶ Near her wandered her husband, orientally bland, invariably affable, and from time to time squinting sideways, as usual, in the ever-renewed expectation that he might catch a glimpse of his stiff, retroussé moustache.

   2. (transitive, informal) To take in; to watch or listen to (an entertainment). [from 20c.]

      I have some free time tonight so I think I'll catch a movie.

      • 2022 January 31, 0:00 from the start, in Tom Holland & Mark Wahlberg Wishes Gong Xi Fa Cai!‎, GSCinemas, archived from the original on 12 February 2022:

        Tom Holland: Gong Xi Fa Cai! It's Tom Holland here. // Mark Wahlberg: And I'm Mark Wahlberg. Catch us in Uncharted this Chinese New Year at GSC. // Tom Holland: Gong Xi Fa Cai!

   3. (transitive) To reproduce or echo a spirit or idea faithfully. [from 17c.]

      You've really caught his determination in this sketch.

6. (heading) To seize attention, interest.
   1. (transitive) To charm or entrance. [from 14c.]
      • 2004, Catherine Asaro, The Moon's Shadow‎, page 40:

        No, a far more natural beauty caught him.

   2. (transitive) To attract and hold (a faculty or organ of sense). [from 17c.]

      He managed to catch her attention.

      The enormous scarf did catch my eye.

7. To notice.

   -You made a typo. -Ah, thanks for catching that.