hookとは

意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: ho͝ok, IPA^(key): /hʊk/
• (sometimes in Northern England, otherwise 廃れた用法) enPR: ho͞ok IPA^(key): /huːk/^[1]
• 韻: -ʊk

名詞

A hook (sense 1) on a construction crane

A hook shot (sense 23.2) in basketball

A right hook (sense 23.4) in boxing

hook (複数形 hooks)

1. A rod bent into a curved shape, typically with one end free and the other end secured to a rope or other attachment.
2. A barbed metal hook used for fishing; a fishhook.
3. Any of various hook-shaped agricultural implements such as a billhook.
   • 1733-1738, Alexander Pope, Imitations of Horace:

     like slashing Bentley with his desperate hook

   • 1819 September 19​, John Keats, “To Autumn”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: Printed [by Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], published 1820, OCLC 927360557, stanza 2, page 138:

     Or on a half-reap'd furrow sound asleep, / Drowsed with the fume of poppies, while thy hook / Spares the next swath and all its twinèd flowers: [...]

4. The curved needle used in the art of crochet.
5. The part of a hinge which is fixed to a post, and on which a door or gate hangs and turns.
6. A loop shaped like a hook under certain written letters, for example, g and j.
7. A tie-in to a current event or trend that makes a news story or editorial relevant and timely.
8. A snare; a trap.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Shakespeare to this entry?)

9. (in the plural) The projecting points of the thighbones of cattle; called also hook bones.
10. (informal) removal or expulsion from a group or activity

    He is not handling this job, so we're giving him the hook.

11. (agriculture) A field sown two years in succession.
12. (authorship) A brief, punchy opening statement intended to get attention from an audience, reader, or viewer, and make them want to continue to listen to a speech, read a book, or watch a play.
13. (authorship) A gimmick or element of a creative work intended to be attention-grabbing for the audience; a compelling idea for a story that will be sure to attract people's attention.
    • 2019 August 14, A. A. Dowd, “Good Boys puts a tween spin on the R-rated teen comedy, to mostly funny effect”, in The A.V. Club‎^[1]:

      The hook of Good Boys, Hollywood’s latest odyssey of comic adolescent mischief, is that the kids behaving badly are, for once, truly kids.

14. (bridge, slang) A finesse.
15. (card games, slang) A jack (the playing card).
16. (geography) A spit or narrow cape of sand or gravel turned landward at the outer end, such as Sandy Hook in New Jersey.
17. (music) A catchy musical phrase which forms the basis of a popular song.

    The song's hook snared me.

    • 2017 January 20, Annie Zaleski, “AFI sounds refreshed and rejuvenated on its 10th album, AFI (The Blood Album)”, in The A.V. Club‎^[2]:

      Guitarist Jade Puget and vocalist Davey Havok have distilled AFI’s strengths (a ferocious, post-hardcore rhythmic backbone; goth-tinctured, post-punky guitars; かつ Havok’s desperate, dramatic croon) into 14 taut, hook-driven songs.

18. (nautical, informal) A ship's anchor.
19. (programming) Part of a system's operation that can be intercepted to change or augment its behaviour.

    We've added hooks to allow undefined message types to be handled with custom code.

20. (Scrabble) An instance of playing a word perpendicular to a word already on the board, adding a letter to the start or the end of the word to form a new word.
    • 2003, Andrew Fisher, David Webb, The Art of Scrabble‎^[3], →ISBN, page 58:

      Setup plays can also be made when you do not have the needed letter but believe your opponent doesn't know the hook owing to its obscurity.

21. (typography) a diacritical mark shaped like the upper part of a question mark, as in ỏ.
22. (typography, まれに) a háček.
    • 2003, Language Issues XV–XVIII, page 36

      Common diacritics in Slavonic language are the hook ˇ (as in haček – Czech for ‘hook’) and the stroke ´ (robić – Polish for ‘do/make’).

    • 2003, David Adams, The Song and Duet Texts of Antonín Dvořák, page 168

      In Czech, palatalization is normally indicated by the symbol ˇ, called haček or “hook.”

    • 2004, Keesing’s Record of World Events L:i–xii, page unknown

      In detailing the proposed shortening of the Czech Republic to Česko…the hook (hacek) erroneously appeared over the letter “e” instead of the “C”.

23. Senses relating to sports.
    1. (baseball) A curveball.

       He threw a hook in the dirt.

    2. (basketball) a basketball shot in which the offensive player, usually turned perpendicular to the basket, gently throws the ball with a sweeping motion of his arm in an upward arc with a follow-through which ends over his head. Also called hook shot.
    3. (bowling) A ball that is rolled in a curved line.
       • 1969, Harold Keith, Sports and Games‎^[4], page 102:

         However, for pins on the bowler's right, such as the 3, 6, 9, or 10, move more toward the center of the foul line if you bowl a straight ball or slightly to the left of the center of the foul line if you bowl a hook.

    4. (boxing) a type of punch delivered with the arm rigid and partially bent and the fist travelling nearly horizontally mesially along an arc

       The heavyweight delivered a few powerful hooks that staggered his opponent.

       • 2011 December 18, Ben Dirs, “Carl Froch outclassed by dazzling Andre Ward”, in BBC Sport‎^[5]:

         American Ward was too quick and too slick for his British rival, landing at will with razor sharp jabs and hooks and even bullying Froch at times.

    5. (cricket) A type of shot played by swinging the bat in a horizontal arc, hitting the ball high in the air to the leg side, often played to balls which bounce around head height.
    6. (golf) A golf shot that (for the right-handed player) curves unintentionally to the left. (See draw, slice, fade.)

下位語

• grappling hook

派生語

関連する語

参照

• Weisenberg, Michael (2000) The Official Dictionary of Poker. MGI/Mike Caro University. Template:isbn

動詞

hook (三人称単数 現在形 hooks, 現在分詞 hooking, 過去形および過去分詞形 hooked)

1. (transitive) To attach a hook to.

   Hook the bag here, and the conveyor will carry it away.

2. (transitive) To catch with a hook (hook a fish).

   He hooked a snake accidentally, and was so scared he dropped his rod into the water.

3. (transitive) To work yarn into a fabric using a hook; to crochet.
   • 1917, L M Montgomery, Anne's House of Dreams:

     No one seems to want anything but hooked mats now.

4. (transitive) To insert in a curved way reminiscent of a hook.

   He hooked his fingers through his belt loops.

5. (transitive) To ensnare or obligate someone, as if with a hook.

   She's only here to try to hook a husband.

   A free trial is a good way to hook customers.

6. (Britain, US, slang, archaic) To steal.
7. (transitive) To connect (hook into, hook together).

   If you hook your network cable into the jack, you'll be on the network.

8. (usually in passive) To make addicted; to captivate.

   He had gotten hooked on cigarettes in his youth.

   I watched one episode of that TV series and now I'm hooked.

9. (cricket, golf) To play a hook shot.
10. (rugby) To succeed in heeling the ball back out of a scrum (used particularly of the team's designated hooker).
11. (field hockey, ice hockey) To engage in the illegal maneuver of hooking (i.e., using the hockey stick to trip または block another player)

    The opposing team's forward hooked me, but the referee didn't see it, so no penalty.

12. (soccer) To swerve a ball; kick a ball so it swerves or bends.
    • 2010 December 29, Sam Sheringham, “Liverpool 0 - 1 Wolverhampton”, in BBC‎^[6]:

      The Reds carved the first opening of the second period as Glen Johnson's pull-back found David Ngog but the Frenchman hooked wide from six yards.

13. (intransitive, slang) To engage in prostitution.

    I had a cheap flat in the bad part of town, and I could watch the working girls hooking from my bedroom window.

14. (Scrabble) To play a word perpendicular to another word by adding a single letter to the existing word.
15. (bridge, slang) To finesse.
16. (transitive) To seize or pierce with the points of the horns, as cattle in attacking enemies; to gore.
17. (intransitive) To move or go with a sudden turn.

派生語

• hooker
• hook up

参照