tieとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /taɪ/
• 韻: -aɪ
• 異形同音異義語: Tai, Thai, Ty

語源 1

From Middle English teye (“cord, chain”), from 古期英語 tēag, tēah (“cord, chain”), from Proto-West Germanic *taugu, from Proto-Germanic *taugō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dewk-. Compare Danish tov, Icelandic taug.

名詞

tie (複数形 ties)

1. A knot; a fastening.
2. A knot of hair, as at the back of a wig.
3. A necktie (item of clothing consisting of a strip of cloth tied around the neck). See also bow tie, black tie.

   Synonym: necktie

4. A lace-up shoe.

   Oxford ties; Derby ties

   Coordinate term: court shoe

   • 1919, Henry B[lake] Fuller, “Cope Makes a Sunday Afternoon Call”, in Bertram Cope’s Year: A Novel, Chicago, Ill.: Ralph Fletcher Seymour, The Alderbrink Press, →OCLC, page 24:

     […] the tip of her russet boot almost grazed that of his Oxford tie.

5. A twist tie, a piece of wire embedded in paper, strip of plastic with ratchets, or similar object which is wound around something and tightened.
6. A strong connection between people or groups of people.

   Synonym: bond

   the sacred ties of friendship or of duty

   the ties of allegiance

   • 1866, Charlotte Mary Yonge, The Prince and the Page:

     No distance breaks the tie of blood.

   • 2004, Peter Bondanella, chapter 4, in Hollywood Italians: Dagos, Palookas, Romeos, Wise Guys, and Sopranos, page 231–232:

     The film ends with the colorful deaths of Nico's enemies after he thwarts their attempts to assassinate a U.S. Senator investigating ties between drug dealers and the CIA.

7. (construction) A structural member firmly holding two pieces together.

   Hyponym: tiebar

   Ties work to maintain structural integrity in windstorms and earthquakes.

8. (rail transport, US) A horizontal wooden or concrete structural member that supports and ties together rails.

   Synonym: (英国用法) sleeper

9. The situation in which two or more participants in a competition are placed equally.

   Synonym: draw

   It's two outs in the bottom of the ninth, tie score.

10. (cricket) The situation at the end of all innings of a match where both sides have the same total of runs (different from a draw).
11. (sports, US) An equalizer, a run, goal, point, etc which causes participants in a competition to be placed equally or have the same score(s).
    • 2010, Scott Glabb, A Saint in the City: Coaching At-risk Kids to Be Champions, Tate Publishing, →ISBN, page 146:

      I thought José was still a point down. I thought he needed another takedown to tie and pull ahead, so I ordered José to let his man up. I looked up too late, realizing that José already scored a tie. By that point, the New Jersey champion got his ...

    • 1971, Budapress News Service, Budapress Bulletin, volume 10, issues 27-52, page 8:

      […] game in the championships shouldering a vast disadvantage and was in due course defeated by Egyetértés, one of the newcomers in the first league. Eger, the other novice in the championships, also took off successfully scoring a tie with the Ruha ETO.

12. (sports, Britain) A meeting between two players or teams in a competition.

    The FA Cup third round tie between Liverpool and Cardiff was their first meeting in the competition since 1957.

14. (music) A curved line connecting two notes of the same pitch denoting that they should be played as a single note with the combined length of both notes.

    Coordinate term: slur

16. (phonetic transcription) A curved line connecting two letters (⁀), used in the IPA to denote a coarticulation, as for example /d͡ʒ/.

    Wikipedia: tie (typography)

17. (statistics) One or more equal values or sets of equal values in the data set.
18. (surveying) A bearing and distance between a lot corner or point and a benchmark or iron off site.
19. (graph theory) A connection between two vertices.
20. A tiewig.
    • 1751, [Tobias] Smollett, chapter 13, in The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle […], volume I, London: Harrison and Co., […], published 1781, →OCLC:

      [H]e ordered his boarders and apartments to be dished out for the occasion, spared no pains in adorning his own person, and in particular employed a whole hour in adjusting a voluminous tye, in which he proposed to make his appearance.

使用する際の注意点

• In cricket, a tie and a draw are not the same. See Result (cricket).
• In music, not to be confused with a slur.

派生語

• cup tie
• hair tie

語源 2

From Middle English teien, teiȝen, from 古期英語 tīġan, tīeġan, from Proto-West Germanic *taugijan, from Proto-Germanic *taugijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to tug, draw”). Cognate with Icelandic teygja.

動詞

tie (三人称単数 現在形 ties, 現在分詞 tying, 過去形および過去分詞形 tied)

1. (transitive) To twist (a string, rope, または the like) around itself securely.

   Tie this rope in a knot for me, please.

   Tie the rope to this tree.

2. (transitive) To form (a knot または the like) in a string or the like.

   Tie a knot in this rope for me, please.

3. (transitive) To attach or fasten (one thing to another) by string or the like.

   Tie him to the tree.

   • 1600, [Torquato Tasso], “(please specify |book=1 to 20)”, in Edward Fairefax [i.e., Edward Fairfax], transl., Godfrey of Bulloigne, or The Recouerie of Ierusalem. […], London: […] Ar[nold] Hatfield, for I[saac] Iaggard and M[atthew] Lownes, →OCLC:

     In bond of virtuous love together tied.

4. (transitive, sometimes figurative) To secure (something) by string or the like.

   Tie your shoes.

   • 1660, [John] Dryden, Astraea Redux:

     Not tied to rules of policy, you find / Revenge less sweet than a forgiving mind.

5. (transitive, intransitive) To have the same score or position as another in a competition or ordering.

   They tied for third place.

   They tied the game.

6. (US, transitive) To have the same score or position as (another) in a competition or ordering.

   He tied me for third place.

7. (music) To unite (musical notes) with a line or slur in the notation.
8. (US, dated, colloquial) To believe; to credit.
   • 1929, Collier's, volume 84, page 56:

     […] It seems they have sort of betrothal teas — can you tie it?"
     "Heavens!" said Mary […]

   • 1940, Woman's Home Companion, volume 67, number 1-4, page 134:

     As the door slammed Pete turned to Hally, fuming. "Can you tie that? A little twopenny cold frightening him off."

9. (programming, transitive) In the Perl programming language, to extend (a variable) so that standard operations performed upon it invoke custom functionality instead.
   • 2000, Larry Wall; Tom Christiansen; Jon Orwant, Programming Perl: 3rd Edition, page 814:

     So, a class for tying a hash to an ISAM implementation might provide an extra method to traverse a set of keys sequentially (the “S” of ISAM), since your typical DBM implementation can't do that.

同意語

• fasten
• link
• bind

反意語

• unfasten
• untie

派生語

• tie a can to it
• tie down
• tie-in, tie in
• tie the knot
• tie up

参照

• “tie”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

Further reading

• tie on Wikipedia.

アナグラム

• -ite, EIT, ETI, ITE, TEI