sleeveとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English sleve, slefe, from 古期英語 slīef and slīefe (“sleeve”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Sleeuwe (“sleeve”), West Frisian slúf, Dutch sloof (“apron”), Low German sluve, dialectal German Schlaube.

The Canadian sense of “measure smaller than a pint” is due to a former conflict between federal law and provincial law in British Columbia. According to federal law, a pint must be 20 imperial ounces (~568 ml), but according to provincial law at the time, the maximum individual serving size was 500 ml, so an individual portion could not be called a “pint” in British Columbia, and required a different term.^[1] The provincial law has been changed, allowing servings of up to 24 oz (~682 ml), but the term remains in use. The term sleeve itself for a cylindrical glass of beer is also found in the UK and Australia (as sleever), and may be due to stacked glasses resembling a sleeve.^[2]

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /sliːv/
• 韻: -iːv

名詞

sleeve (複数形 sleeves)

1. The part of a garment that covers the arm. [from 10th c.]

   The sleeves on my coat are too long.

2. A (usually tubular) covering or lining to protect a piece of machinery etc. [from 19th c.]

   This bearing requires a sleeve so the shaft will fit snugly.

3. A protective jacket or case, especially for a record, containing art and information about the contents; also the analogous leaflet found in a packaged CD. [from 20th c.]
4. A tattoo covering the whole arm.
5. A narrow channel of water.
   • 1612, Michael Drayton, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [John Selden], editor, Poly-Olbion. Or A Chorographicall Description of Tracts, Riuers, Mountaines, Forests, and Other Parts of this Renowned Isle of Great Britaine, […], London: […] H[umphrey] L[ownes] for Mathew Lownes; I. Browne; I. Helme; I. Busbie, published 1613, →OCLC:

     Even from Southhampton ' s shore through Wilts and Somerset The Attrebates in Bark unto the bank of Tames Betwixt the Celtic sleeve and the Sabrinian streams

6. Sleave; untwisted thread.
7. (英国用法 Columbia) A serving of beer smaller than a pint, typically measuring between 12 and 16 ounces.
   • 2022, Manufacturer Terms and Conditions, June 2022:

     For example, you may serve a patron a 12 oz sleeve of beer and a 5 oz glass of wine (または alternately 1.5 oz spirits) at the same time.

8. (US) A long, cylindrical plastic bag of cookies or crackers.
   • 2012, Half A Sleeve Of Oreos Lost In House Fire", The Onion, May 5, 2012:

     A three-alarm fire tore through a family home on Newark's East Side early Saturday morning, completely gutting the two-story residence and tragically claiming a half-sleeve of Oreo cookies that was trapped inside a cupboard.

9. (electrical engineering) A double tube of copper into which the ends of bare wires are pushed so that when the tube is twisted an electrical connection is made. The joint thus made is called a McIntire joint.

派生語

動詞

sleeve (三人称単数 現在形 sleeves, 現在分詞 sleeving, 過去形および過去分詞形 sleeved)

1. (transitive) To fit and attach a sleeve to an upper garment (e.g. to a shirt, blouse, sweater, jacket, coat, etc.) or to a folder.
2. (magic tricks) To hide something up one's sleeve.
   • 2006, J. B. Bobo, Modern Coin Magic, →ISBN, page 99:

     There are certain types of sleeving that are difficult to perform with the shirt sleeves down, and it is difficult and risky to attempt sleeving while wearing a shirt with "French" cuffs.

参考

• pantleg
• raglan
• thimble

参照

Further reading

• Sleeve in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

アナグラム

• eleves, levees, levées