umbrellaとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Borrowed from Italian ombrella, umbrella (“parasol, sunshade”), dim. of ombra (“shade”) (または from a Late Latin または Medieval Latin umbrella), from Latin umbra (“shadow”).

発音

• (Received 発音, General American) IPA^(key): /ʌmˈbɹɛlə/
• (Southern American English) IPA^(key): /ˈʌmbɹɛlə/
• 韻: -ɛlə

名詞

umbrella (複数形 umbrellas)

An umbrella (1)

1. Cloth-covered frame used for protection against rain or sun.

   Quick, grab that umbrella before you get rained on!

   • 1913, Mrs. [Marie] Belloc Lowndes, chapter II, in The Lodger, London: Methuen, OCLC 7780546; republished in Novels of Mystery: The Lodger; The Story of Ivy; What Really Happened, New York, N.Y.: Longmans, Green and Co., […], [1933], OCLC 2666860, page 0091:

     There was a neat hat-and-umbrella stand, and the stranger's weary feet fell soft on a good, serviceable dark-red drugget, which matched in colour the flock-paper on the walls.

   • 2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 197:

     When the [lost property] office first opened, the most frequently lost items were umbrellas. Every white-collar professional carried one, but despite, or because of, that they were easily forgotten about. [...] In the 1930s, a quarter of a million umbrellas a year came into the office. Now it's more like 10,000.

2. Generally, anything that provides protection.

   The fighters provide a defensive air umbrella over the battle group.

3. Something that covers a wide range of concepts, purposes, groups, etc.

   The test facility was established under the umbrella of the company's quality program.

4. The main body of a jellyfish, excluding the tentacles.

   Jellyfish are composed of more than 90% water and most of their umbrella mass is made up of gelatinous material.

5. (photography, television) An umbrella-shaped reflector with a white or silvery inner surface, used to diffuse a nearby light.
   • 2014, Michael Allen, Modern Wedding Photography (page 97)

     Using umbrellas for shooting a wedding party is ok, but not necessary.

同意語

• rainshade
• brolly (口語)
• gamp (dated, 口語)
• parasol

派生語

関連する語

• See umbra#Derived_terms
• sunshade

参考

• awning
• bumbershoot
• gamp
• parasol
• shield

派生した語

• → Welsh: ymbarél

Further reading

• umbrella in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• umbrella in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911.

動詞

umbrella (三人称単数 現在形 umbrellas, 現在分詞 umbrellaing, 過去形および過去分詞形 umbrellaed)

1. (transitive) To cover or protect, as if by an umbrella.
   • 1944, Emily Carr, The House of All Sorts, “Life Loves Living,”^[1]

     Experts with saws and ladders came and lopped off the lower branches. This sent the tree's growth rushing violently to her head in a lush overhanging which umbrellaed the House of All Sorts.

   • 2008, Jonathan Kellerman, Bad Love: Alex Delaware 8:

     Huge pine and eucalyptus umbrellaed the grounds, airconditioning the morning.

2. (intransitive) To form the dome shape of an open umbrella.
   • 2011, B. A. Rothwell, The Peaceful Queen, page 31:

     Bright yellow gowns fit them tightly and umbrellaed from their waist to just below the knees.

3. (intransitive) To move like a jellyfish.
   • 1997, National Geographic Traveler, page 36:

     The light catches the filigreed tendrils and graceful motion of the jellies, their orange bodies umbrella-ing along like fairy parasols come to life.