militaryとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From Middle English militari, from Old French militaire, from Latin mīlitāris, from mīles (“soldier”).

発音

• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈmɪl.ɪ.tɹi/
• (米国発音) IPA^(key): /ˈmɪl.ɪˌtɛɹ.i/

形容詞

military (comparative more military, superlative most military)

1. Characteristic of members of the armed forces.

   She was dishonorably discharged from all military duties.

   • 1891, Arthur Conan Doyle, “The Boscombe Valley Mystery”, in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes‎^Wikisource:

     "My dear fellow, I know you well. I know the military neatness which characterises you. You shave every morning, and in this season you shave by the sunlight; but since your shaving is less and less complete as we get farther back on the left side, until it becomes positively slovenly as we get round the angle of the jaw, it is surely very clear that that side is less illuminated than the other. I could not imagine a man of your habits looking at himself in an equal light and being satisfied with such a result."

   • 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter VIII, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, OCLC 24962326:

     At her invitation he outlined for her the succeeding chapters with terse military accuracy ; and what she liked best and best understood was avoidance of that false modesty which condescends, turning technicality into pabulum.

2. (Canada, 米国用法) Relating to armed forces such as the army, marines, navy and air force (often as distinguished from civilians または police forces).

   If you join a military force, you may end up killing people.

3. Relating to war.
   • 1989, Gregory Flynn, Soviet Military Doctrine and Western Policy, page 158:

     The only goal pursued by Western defense strategy — to cause the Warsaw Pact to break off an attack — is more military than political in nature.

4. Relating to armies or ground forces.

使用する際の注意点

In modern usage, the adjective military is usually hypernymous to the adjective naval, but in properly understanding older texts—for example, when dealing with military history, the sociology of armed forces (including interservice rivalries), and so on—it is useful to know that the adjectives military and naval have often been used as coordinate terms, especially in the past, with military corresponding to an army (land forces) as distinguished from a navy (naval/maritime forces). By corollary, mentions of military science have sometimes been intended as coordinate with, rather than hypernymous to, mentions of naval science, although that coordinate sense is dated. An example of its fossilization is that it remains reflected in classes U and V of the taxonomy of the U.S. Library of Congress Classification for library science.

名詞

military (複数形 military または militaries)

1. Armed forces.
   • 2013 June 7, Gary Younge, “Hypocrisy lies at heart of Manning prosecution”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 18:

     The dispatches […] also exposed the blatant discrepancy between the west's professed values and actual foreign policies. Having lectured the Arab world about democracy for years, its collusion in suppressing freedom was undeniable as protesters were met by weaponry and tear gas made in the west, employed by a military trained by westerners.

   He spent six years in the military.

派生語

関連する語

• militia

参考

• martial
• abbreviation: mil.
• army/Army
• navy
• air force/Air Force
• marines/Marines
• Merchant Marine
• US National Guard
• Coast Guard

アナグラム

• limitary