hospitalとは

意味・読み方・使い方

語源

A room in a hospital

From Middle English hospital, hospitall, from Old French hospital (Modern French hôpital), from Late Latin hospitālis, hospitāle (“hospice, shelter, guesthouse”), from noun use of Latin hospitālis (“hospitable”), from hospes (“host, guest”). Doublet of hotel and hostel. Displaced native Middle English lechehous, from 古期英語 lǣċehūs (字義どおりに “doctor house”).

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˈhɒs.pɪ.tl̩/
• (廃れた用法, Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˈɒs.pɪ.tl̩/
  • (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈhɑs.pɪ.tl̩/, /ˈhɑs.pɪ.t̬l̩/

名詞

hospital (複数形 hospitals)

1. A large medical facility, usually in a building with multiple floors, where seriously ill or injured patients are given extensive medical and/or surgical treatment.

   Luckily an ambulance arrived quickly and he was rushed to hospital. (英国用法)

   Luckily an ambulance arrived quickly and he was rushed to the hospital. (米国用法)

2. A building founded for the long-term care of its residents, such as an almshouse. The residents may have no physical ailments, but simply need financial support.
3. (obsolete) A place of lodging.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book II, canto IX:

     […] they spide a goodly castle, plast / Foreby a riuer in a pleasaunt dale, / Which choosing for that euenings hospitale, / They thither marcht […]

同意語

• sickhouse
• infirmary

派生語

関連する語

• hospice
• hospitable
• hospitality
• host

派生した語

• → Baluchi: اسپتال‎ (ispatāl)
• → Bengali: হাসপাতাল (haśpatal)
• → Cebuano: hospital
• → Malay: hospital
• → Sindhi: اسپتال‎ (ispatāl)
• → Swahili: hospitali
• → Zulu: isibhedlela

形容詞

hospital (comparative more hospital, superlative most hospital)

1. (obsolete) Hospitable.
   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar […], OCLC 928184292:

     At last the Ocean, that hospital friend to the wretched, opened her capacious arms to receive him; and he instantly resolved to accept her kind invitation.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Howell to this entry?)