infectiousとは意味・読み方・使い方

使用する際の注意点

The terms infectious, communicable, transmissible/transmittable, and contagious, as well as spreadable and catching, overlap on a semantic field and are often loosely used synonymously in their broad senses, although they are differentiable by narrower senses, as follows:

• The word infectious describes any disease or condition that is caused by an infectious agent (such as a bacterium, virus, parasite, または prion), including ones with person-to-person transmission/spread and ones without person-to-person transmission/spread. It is thus hypernymous to the following terms.
• The words communicable and transmissible/transmittable, as well as spreadable and catching (which are informal), describe the large subset of infectious diseases in which person-to-person transmission/spread (communication) can occur, including ones that are readily/easily spread and ones that are not readily/easily spread. They are thus hypernymous to the following term.
• The word contagious describes only those infectious diseases that are readily/easily spread, to the degree that preventing their spread is quite difficult unless a population is highly vaccinated against them (examples include measles かつ diphtheria).

同意語

See Usage notes.

反意語

• non-infectious, noninfectious (which are hypernymous to noncommunicable)

派生語

• agroinfectious
• infection
• toxicoinfectious