downとは 意味・読み方・使い方
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意味・対訳 (高い位置から)低いほうへ、下へ、(机の上などに)下ろして、床に、地面に、(階上から)階下へ、(食べた物を)飲み込んで、下がって、下りて、(階上から)下りて
- (高い位置から)低いほうへ,下へ[に].
- climb down
- 手足を使って下りる.
コア |
下に 下方への運動から「ふらふらしていたものが落ちつく」,「落ち込んで」という意味合いが出てくる |
downの |
downの |
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downの |
downの学習レベル | レベル:1英検:3級以上の単語学校レベル:中学以上の水準TOEIC® L&Rスコア:220点以上の単語 |
研究社 新英和中辞典での「down」の意味 |
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down1
sit down 座る. |
come down in the world 落ちぶれる. |
boil down soup stock スープストックを煮詰める. |
c
やむまで.
⇒PAY down 【成句】. |
be dówn on… | còme dówn to… |
dówn and óut | dówn at héel |
dówn in the móuth | dówn on one's lúck |
dówn through… | dówn to the gróund |
dòwn únder | dówn with… |
úp and dówn |
sail down the Sea of Japan 日本海を南下する. |
dówn tówn |
dówn tóols |
⇒UPs and downs 名詞【成句】. |
hàve a dówn on a person |
down2
down3
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「down」を含む例文一覧
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Eゲイト英和辞典での「down」の意味 |
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down
コア下に下方への運動から「ふらふらしていたものが落ちつく」,「落ち込んで」という意味合いが出てくる
├下へ▷1
├南へ▷2a
├離れて▷2b
├下流へ▷3
└低い所に▷4
Ⅱ勢い・数量の低下副詞
├弱って▷5
└下がって▷6
Ⅲ安定・固定副詞
├抑圧して▷7a
└落ち着かせて▷7b
…を下って▷前置詞1
…の下に▷前置詞2
下への▷形容詞1
南への;(列車が)下りの▷形容詞2
副詞
1下へ,下がって,降りて,降ろして;倒れて,倒して
2a(地理的に)(北から)南へ
b(話し手から)離れて,向こうに;((英))(都会から)田舎へ,地方へ
3(流れが)下流へ,下って;飲み込んで;((比ゆ))後世へ
4〔状態〕低い所に(位置して),低い姿勢になって
Ⅱ勢い・数量の低下
5(勢力・活動などが)弱って,(調子が)悪い,低下して,止まって
6(物価・収益などが)下がって,減少して;細くして,小さい部分に分けて
Ⅲ安定・固定
7a(落ち着くところまで)低く抑えて,抑圧して
b落ち着かせて;片付けて
8〔固定〕a固定して,留めて
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b追い詰めて
c(文章に)書き留めて
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9完全に,徹底的に;(汚れなどをきれいに)落として
Ⅳその他
10現金で,頭金として
11≪野球≫アウトになって
成句be down for ... [to do]
…の[…する]予定になっている
成句be down on ...
…に敵意を抱く,腹を立てる
成句be down to ...
(人に)かかっている;…の責任である
成句down and out
①おちぶれて,打ちひしがれて;健康を害して
②≪ボクシング≫打ちのめされて,KOされて
成句down below
すぐ下に;地下に
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成句down to the ground
まったく;ぴったりと
成句down under
オーストラリア[ニュージーランド]に(英国・米国から見て「地球の裏側に」当たることから)
成句Down with ...!
打倒…,…をぶっつぶせ
成句go [be] down with ...
(病気で)倒れる
前置詞
形容詞
動詞
他動詞
名詞
日本語WordNet(英和)での「down」の意味 |
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Down
don't fall down 落ちない |
初期のころから
the story was passed down from father to son その話は父から子へ伝えられた |
(filled with melancholy and despondency)
(not functioning (temporarily or permanently))
Wiktionary英語版での「down」の意味 |
down
語源 1
From Middle English doun, from 古期英語 dūne, aphetic form of adūne, from ofdūne (“off the hill”). For the development from directional phrases to prepositions, compare Middle Low German dāle (“(in/to the) valley”), i.e. "down(wards)".
副詞
down (not generally comparable, comparative farther down, superlative farthest down)
- (comparable) From a higher position to a lower one; downwards.
- The cat jumped down from the table.
- 1967, Barbara Sleigh, Jessamy, 1993 edition, Sevenoaks, Kent: Bloomsbury, →ISBN, page 48:
- To her humiliation Jessamy found there were tears trickling down her cheeks.
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:down.
- (comparable) At a lower or further place or position along a set path.
- Template:RQ:SWymn ChpngBrgh
- It was April 22, 1831, and a young man was walking down Whitehall in the direction of Parliament Street. He wore shepherd's plaid trousers and the swallow-tail coat of the day, with a figured muslin cravat wound about his wide-spread collar.
- As a down payment.
- You can have it, no money down.
- On paper (または in a durable record).
- To the south (as south is at the bottom of typical maps).
- Away from the city (regardless of direction).
- He went down to Cavan.
- down on the farm
- down country
- At or towards any place that is visualised as 'down' by virtue of local features or local convention, or arbitrarily, irrespective of direction or elevation change.
- (sports) Towards the opponent's side (in ball-sports).
- Into a state of non-operation.
- To a subordinate or less prestigious position or rank.
- (rail transport) In the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
- (sentence substitute, imperative) Get down.
- (UK, academia, dated) Away from Oxford or Cambridge.
- From a remoter or higher antiquity.
- So as to lessen quantity, level or intensity.
- So as to reduce size, weight or volume.
- From less to greater detail.
- 2013 August 3, “Boundary problems”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:
- Economics is a messy discipline: too fluid to be a science, too rigorous to be an art. Perhaps it is fitting that economists’ most-used metric, gross domestic product (GDP), is a tangle too. GDP measures the total value of output in an economic territory. Its apparent simplicity explains why it is scrutinised down to tenths of a percentage point every month.
- So as to secure or compress something to the floor, ground, or other (usually horizontal) surface.
- Used with verbs to indicate that the action of the verb was carried to some state of completion, permanence, or success rather than being of indefinite duration.
- Forward, straight ahead.
使用する際の注意点
- Down can be used with verbs in ways that change the meaning of the verb in ways not entirely predictable from the meanings of the down and the verb, though related to them. See Category:English phrasal verbs with particle (down).
反意語
前置詞
down
- From the higher end to the lower of.
- The ball rolled down the hill.
- From north to south of.
- From one end to another of (in any direction); along.
- (colloquial) At (a given place that is seen as removed from one's present location または other point of reference).
反意語
派生語
- (from the higher end to the lower): sell down the river
形容詞
down (comparative more down, superlative most down)
- Facing downwards.
- At a lower level than before.
- The stock market is down.
- Prices are down.
- (informal) Sad, unhappy, depressed, feeling low.
- 2011, Rachel Platten (lyrics かつ music), “Overwhelmed”, in Be Here[4]:
- We get down, down, down / We feel sorry for ourselves / We get down, down, down / We all need somebody's help
- Sick, wounded, or damaged:
- (normally in the combination 'down with') Sick or ill.
- He is down with the flu.
- (not comparable, military, law enforcement, slang, of a person) Wounded and unable to move normally, or killed.
- There are three soldiers down and one walking wounded.
- (not comparable, military, aviation, slang, of an aircraft) Mechanically failed, collided, shot down, or otherwise suddenly unable to fly.
- (not comparable) Inoperable; out of order; out of service.
- The system is down.
- (normally in the combination 'down with') Sick or ill.
- Having a lower score than an opponent.
- (baseball, cricket, colloquial, following the noun modified) Out.
- (colloquial, with "on") Negative about; hostile to.
- (Canada, 米国用法, slang) Comfortable with, accepting of.
- 2001, Omar Tyree, For the Love of Money, page 121:
- Then again, with your name being Juanita Perez, I wasn't sure if you were more down with the Latinos or something.
- 2019 September 30, Hopper, Jessica; Geffen, Sasha; Pelly, Jenn, “Building a Mystery: An Oral History of Lilith Fair”, in Vanity Fair[6]:
- (African-American Vernacular, slang) Accepted, respected, or loyally participating in the (thug) community.
- Finished (of a task); defeated or dealt with (of an opponent または obstacle); elapsed (of time). Often coupled with to go (remaining).
- Thoroughly practiced, learned or memorised; mastered. (Compare down pat.)
- 2013, P.J. Hoover, Solstice, →ISBN, page 355:
- I stay with Chloe the longest. When she's not hanging out at the beach parties, she lives in a Japanese garden complete with an arched bridge spanning a pond filled with koi of varying sizes and shapes. Reeds shoot out of the water, rustling when the fish swim through them, and river-washed stones are sprinkled in a bed of sand. Chloe has this whole new Japanese thing down.
- (obsolete) Downright; absolute; positive.
- (of a tree, limb, etc) Fallen or felled.
- 1920, Boys and Girls Bookshelf: A Practical Plan of Character Building ..., page 309:
- The mere fact that there are quantities of trees near by with "loads” of down wood, does not signify that it is desirable camp fuel.
- 1935 (printed in 2009), Powell, Shenandoah Letters, 54:
反意語
派生語
動詞
down (三人称単数 現在形 downs, 現在分詞 downing, 過去形および過去分詞形 downed)
- (transitive) To knock (someone または something) down; to cause to come down; to fell. [from 16th c.]
- (transitive) Specifically, to cause (something in the air) to fall to the ground; to bring down (with a missile etc.). [from 19th c.]
- (transitive) To lower; to put (something) down. [from 16th c.]
- (transitive, figurative) To defeat; to overpower. [from 17th. c.]
- (transitive, colloquial) To disparage; to put down. [from 18th c.]
- (intransitive, rare or obsolete) To go or come down; to descend. [from 17th. c.]
- (transitive, colloquial) To drink or swallow, especially without stopping before the vessel containing the liquid is empty. [from 19th c.]
- (transitive, 米国用法 football, カナダ用法 football) To render (the ball) dead, typically by touching the ground while in possession. [from 19th c.]
- He downed it at the seven-yard line.
- (transitive, golf, pocket billiards) To sink (a ball) into a hole or pocket. [from 20th c.]
同意語
派生語
名詞
- A negative aspect; a downer, a downside.
- (dated) A grudge (on someone).
- An act of swallowing an entire drink at once.
- (米国用法 football) A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed.
- (crosswords) A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid.
- A downstairs room of a two-story house.
- Down payment.
- The lightest quark with a charge number of −1⁄3.
派生語
- bring down the curtain
- down-crested
- down and out
- down at heel
- downburst
- downdraft
- downed (米国用法 かつ Canadian football)
- downer
- downfall
- downfield
- downflood
- downflow
- down for the count
- down in the dumps
- down in the mouth
- download
- down memory lane
- down on one's luck
- down pat
- down payment
- down the hatch
- down to the short strokes
- first down (米国用法 かつ Canadian football)
- fourth down (米国用法 football)
- knock down
- ride down
- second down (米国用法 かつ Canadian football)
- sell down the river
- shoot down
- third down (米国用法 かつ Canadian football)
- top-down
- upside down
- you can't keep a good man down
参照
語源 2
From Middle English doune, from 古期英語 dūn, from Proto-Germanic *dūnaz, *dūnǭ (“sandhill, dune”), probably borrowed from Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“hill; hillfort”) (compare Welsh din (“hill”), Irish dún (“hill, fort”)), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”). Cognate with West Frisian dún (“dune, sandhill”), Dutch duin (“dune, sandhill”), German Düne (“dune”). More at town; akin to dune. Doublet of Down.
名詞
down (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 downs)
- (especially southern England) A hill, especially a chalk hill; rolling grassland
- 1691, John Ray, The Wisdom of God Manifested in the Works of the Creation, London: Pr. for S. Smith, →OCLC:
- ...as they muſt needs acknowledge who have been on the Downs of Suſſex, and enjoyed that ravishing Proſpect of the Sea on one Hand, and the Country far and wide on the other.
- 1898, Wells, H. G., Certain Personal Matters: A Collection of Material, Mainly Autobiographical[7], Lawrence & Bullen, →OCLC, page 256:
- (usually in the plural) A field, especially one used for horse racing.
- (UK, chiefly in the plural) A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep.
- 1636, George Sandys, “A Paraphrase Vpon Iob”, in Early English Books[8]:
- Seven thousand broad-taild Sheepe gras'd on his Downes;
派生語
語源 3
From Middle English doun, from Old Norse dúnn, from Proto-Germanic *dūnaz (“down”), which is related to *dauniz (“(pleasant) smell”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰowh₂-nis, from the root *dʰewh₂-.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Duune (“fluff, down”), German Daune (“down”) and Danish dun (“down”).
名詞
down (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 downs)
- Soft, fluffy immature feathers which grow on young birds. Used as insulating material in duvets, sleeping bags and jackets.
- (botany) The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle.
- The soft hair of the face when beginning to appear.
- That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down.
動詞
down (三人称単数 現在形 downs, 現在分詞 downing, 過去形および過去分詞形 downed)
- (transitive) To cover, ornament, line, or stuff with down.
Further reading
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “dauna-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 90
アナグラム
- nowd
down-
Weblio例文辞書での「down」に類似した例文 |
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down
下の
下の方へ
下に
がっくりした
further down
下におろう
下におろう
It is looking down―on the fall―on the decline.
to go down
farthest down
to go down―come down―(二階からなら)―go downstairs―come downstairs
地下の
「down」を含む例文一覧
該当件数 : 49928件
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1indeed
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2consider
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3assume
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4present
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5concern
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6while
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7provide
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8leave
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9alternative
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10appropriate

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