improveとは

語源

From Anglo-Norman emprouwer, from Old French en- + prou (“profit”), from Vulgar Latin prode (“advantageous, profitable”)

発音

• IPA^(key): /ɪmˈpɹuːv/
• 韻: -uːv

動詞

improve (三人称単数 現在形 improves, 現在分詞 improving, 過去形および過去分詞形 improved)

1. (transitive) To make (something) better; to increase the value or productivity (of something).

   Painting the woodwork will improve this house.

   Buying more servers would improve performance.

   • 2013 June 22, “Engineers of a different kind”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 70:

     Private-equity nabobs bristle at being dubbed mere financiers. Piling debt onto companies’ balance-sheets is only a small part of what leveraged buy-outs are about, they insist. Improving the workings of the businesses they take over is just as core to their calling, if not more so. Much of their pleading is public-relations bluster.

2. (intransitive) To become better.

   I have improved since taking the tablets.

   The error messages have improved since the last version, when they were incomprehensible.

   • 1908, W[illiam] B[lair] M[orton] Ferguson, chapter IV, in Zollenstein, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, OCLC 731476803:

     “My Continental prominence is improving,” I commented dryly. ¶ Von Lindowe cut at a furze bush with his silver-mounted rattan. ¶ “Quite so,” he said as dryly, his hand at his mustache. “I may say if your intentions were known your life would not be worth a curse.”

3. (obsolete) To disprove or make void; to refute.
   • (Can we date this quote?) William Tyndale

     Neither can any of them make so strong a reason which another cannot improve.

4. (obsolete) To disapprove of; to find fault with; to reprove; to censure.

   to improve negligence

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Chapman to this entry?)

   • (Can we date this quote?) William Tyndale

     When he rehearsed his preachings and his doing unto the high apostles, they could improve nothing.

5. (dated) To use or employ to good purpose; to turn to profitable account.

   to improve one's time;  to improve his means

   • (Can we date this quote?) Isaac Barrow

     We shall especially honour God by improving diligently the talents which God hath committed to us.

   • (Can we date this quote?) Joseph Addison

     a hint that I do not remember to have seen opened and improved

   • (Can we date this quote?) William Blackstone

     The court seldom fails to improve the opportunity.

   • (Can we date this quote?) Isaac Watts

     How doth the little busy bee / Improve each shining hour.

   • (Can we date this quote?) George Washington

     True policy, as well as good faith, in my opinion, binds us to improve the occasion.

同意語

• (to make something better): ameliorate, better, batten, enhance; See also Thesaurus:improve

反意語

• (to make something worse): deteriorate, worsen; See also Thesaurus:aggravate
• (to become worse): deteriorate, worsen; See also Thesaurus:worsen

派生語

• improvement
• improver
• improving

Further reading

• "improve" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 160.