towardとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /təˈwɔːd/
• (General American) IPA^(key): (historical) /tɔɹd/; (more recent) /ˈtwɔɹd/, /təˈwɔɹd/
• (rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA^(key): (historical) /to(ː)ɹd/; (more recent) /ˈtwo(ː)ɹd/, /təˈwɔɹd/
• (non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA^(key): (historical) /toəd/; (more recent) /ˈtwoəd/, /təˈwɔɹd/
• (New Zealand) IPA^(key): /tɘˈwoːd/
• 韻: -ɔː(ɹ)d
• ハイフネーション: to‧ward

前置詞

toward (chiefly US)

1. In the direction of.

   She moved toward the door.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Numbers 24:1:

     He set his face toward the wilderness.

   • 1914, Louis Joseph Vance, chapter III, in Nobody, New York, N.Y.: George H[enry] Doran Company, published 1915, OCLC 40817384:

     Turning back, then, toward the basement staircase, she began to grope her way through blinding darkness, but had taken only a few uncertain steps when, of a sudden, she stopped short and for a little stood like a stricken thing, quite motionless save that she quaked to her very marrow in the grasp of a great and enervating fear.

   • 2019, VOA Learning English (public domain)

     China has claimed that South Korea’s dust flies toward Shanghai.

2. In relation to (someone または something).

   What are your feelings toward him?

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Deuteronomy 28:54:

     So that the man that is tender among you, and very delicate, his eye shall be evil toward his brother, and toward the wife of his bosom, and toward the remnant of his children which he shall leave

3. For the purpose of attaining (an aim).

   I'm saving money toward retirement.

4. Located close to; near (a time または place).

   Our place is over toward the station.

   • January 8, 1723, Jonathan Swift, letter to John Gay

     I am toward nine years older since I left you.

使用する際の注意点

• Although some have tried to discern a semantic distinction between the words toward and towards, the only difference in practice is dialectal. Toward is more common in American English and towards is more common in British English, though each form may be found in both varieties.

同意語

• towards

反意語

• away from, froward, fromward

形容詞

toward (not comparable)

1. Yielding, pliant; docile; ready or apt to learn; not froward.
2. (obsolete) Future; to-come.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book II, canto IV:

     ere that wished day his beame disclosd, / He either enuying my toward good, / Or of himselfe to treason ill disposd / One day vnto me came in friendly mood [...]

3. (dated) Approaching, coming near; impending; present, at hand.
   • c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene vi]:

     Do you hear aught, sir, of a battle toward?

   • 1843 April, Thomas Carlyle, “Practical Devotional”, in Past and Present, American edition, Boston, Mass.: Charles C[offin] Little and James Brown, published 1843, OCLC 191225086, book II (The Ancient Monk), page 70:

     On the morrow, after mass, our Lord Abbot [Samson of Tottington] orders the Cellerarius to send off his carpenters to demolish the said structure brevi manu, and lay up the wood in safe keeping. Old Dean Herbert, hearing what was toward, comes tottering along hither, to plead humbly for himself and his mill.

4. (obsolete or archaic) Promising, likely.
   • c. 1591–1592, William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene ii]:

     Why, that is spoken like a toward prince.

   • 1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], “A Description of the Farmer’s Daughter. […]”, in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume I, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], OCLC 995220039, part II (A Voyage to Brobdingnag), page [178]:

     My Miſtreſs had a Daughter of nine Years old, a Child of toward Parts for her Age, very dextrous at her Needle, and ſkilful in dreſſing her Baby.

同意語

• (future): coming; see also Thesaurus:future
• (approaching): imminent, in the offing, proximate; see also Thesaurus:impending

アナグラム

• to-draw, todraw

アナグラム

• to-draw, todraw