schoolとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From Middle English scole, from 古期英語 scōl (“place of education”), from Proto-West Germanic *skōlā, from Late Latin schola, scola (“learned discussion または dissertation, lecture, school”), from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ, “spare time, leisure”), from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to hold, have, possess”). Doublet of schola and shul.

Compare Old Frisian skūle, schūle (“school”) (West Frisian skoalle, Saterland Frisian Skoule), Dutch school (“school”), German Low German School (“school”), Old High German scuola (“school”), German Schule (“school”), Bavarian Schui (“school”), Old Norse skóli (“school”).

Influenced in some senses by Middle English schole (“group of persons, host, company”), from Middle Dutch scole (“multitude, troop, band”). See school₁. Related also to Old High German sigi (German Sieg, “victory”), 古期英語 siġe, sigor (“victory”).

別の表記

• schole (廃れた用法)

名詞

school (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 schools)

1. (Canada, 米国用法) An institution dedicated to teaching and learning; an educational institution.

   Our children attend a public school in our neighborhood.

   Harvard University is a famous American postsecondary school.

   Synonyms: academy, college, university

2. (Britain) An educational institution providing primary and secondary education, prior to tertiary education (college または university).
   • 2013 July 19, Mark Tran, “Denied an education by war”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 1:

     One particularly damaging, but often ignored, effect of conflict on education is the proliferation of attacks on schools […] as children, teachers or school buildings become the targets of attacks. Parents fear sending their children to school. Girls are particularly vulnerable to sexual violence.

3. (UK) At Eton College, a period or session of teaching.

   Divinity, history and geography are studied for two schools per week.

4. Within a larger educational institution, an organizational unit, such as a department or institute, which is dedicated to a specific subject area.

   We are enrolled in the same university, but I attend the School of Economics and my brother is in the School of Music.

   Synonyms: college, department, faculty, institute

5. An art movement, a community of artists.

   The Barbizon school of painters were part of an art movement towards Realism in art, which arose in the context of the dominant Romantic movement of the time.

6. (considered collectively) The followers of a particular doctrine; a particular way of thinking or particular doctrine; a school of thought.
   • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 3, in The China Governess‎^[1]:

     Here the stripped panelling was warmly gold and the pictures, mostly of the English school, were mellow and gentle in the afternoon light.

   These economists belong to the monetarist school.

   • 1660, Jeremy Taylor, The Worthy Communicant; or a Discourse of the Nature, Effects, and Blessings consequent to the worthy receiving of the Lords Supper:

     Let no man be less confident in his faith […] by reason of any difference of judgment , which is in the several schools of Christians.

7. The time during which classes are attended or in session in an educational institution.

   I’ll see you after school.

8. The room or hall in English universities where the examinations for degrees and honours are held.
9. The canons, precepts, or body of opinion or practice, sanctioned by the authority of a particular class or age.

   He was a gentleman of the old school.

   • 1883, Arthur Sherburne Hardy, But Yet a Woman:

     His face pale but striking, though not handsome after the schools.

10. An establishment offering specialized instruction, as for driving, cooking, typing, coding, etc.

下位語

• See also Thesaurus:school

等位語

• (institution providing primary かつ secondary education): nursery school, kindergarten, college, polytechnic, university

派生語

派生した語

動詞

school (三人称単数 現在形 schools, 現在分詞 schooling, 過去形および過去分詞形 schooled)

1. (transitive) To educate, teach, or train (often, but not necessarily, in a school).

   Many future prime ministers were schooled in Eton.

2. (transitive) To defeat emphatically, to teach an opponent a harsh lesson.
   • 1998 April 13, Leigh Jones, “National Bar Exam Methods Win in ADA Regulation Test”, in The Journal Record:

     A blind law graduate who put the National Conference of Bar Examiners to the test got schooled in federal court.

   • 2006, Steve Smith, Forever Red: Confessions of a Cornhusker Football Fan, page 67:

     Two weeks later, the Cornhuskers put on their road whites again and promptly got schooled by miserable Iowa State in Ames. After the shocking loss […]

   • 2007, Peter David, Alvin Sargent, Spider-Man 3, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 216:

     "You again?" Sandman demanded. "I guess you didn't learn your lesson."
     "This time I'm gonna school you."

   • 2022 March 31, David Yaffe-Bellany, “Ben McKenzie Would Like a Word With the Crypto Bros”, in The New York Times‎^[2], →ISSN:

     Mr. Harris said he was confident he could go toe to toe with any skeptic; he bragged that he’d recently schooled some crypto haters from Vice News.

3. (transitive) To control, or compose, one’s expression.

   She took care to school her expression, not giving away any of her feelings.

派生語

• schooling

語源 2

From Middle English scole, schole (“group of persons, multitude, host, school of fish”), from Middle Dutch scole (“multitude, troop of people, swarm of animals”), from Old Dutch *scola, *skola (“troop, multitude”), from Frankish *skolu, from Proto-Germanic *skulō (“crowd”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷel- (“crowd, people”).

Cognate with Middle Low German schōle (“multitude, troop”), 古期英語 scolu (“troop または band of people, host, multitude, school of fish”). Doublet of shoal.

別の表記

• skull (廃れた用法)

名詞

school (複数形 schools)

2. (collective) A group of fish or a group of marine mammals such as porpoises, dolphins, or whales.

   The divers encountered a huge school of mackerel.

   Synonym: shoal

3. A multitude.

動詞

school (三人称単数 現在形 schools, 現在分詞 schooling, 過去形および過去分詞形 schooled)

1. (intransitive, of fish) To form into, or travel in, a school.

Further reading

• school on Wikipedia.
• school (fish) on Wikipedia.
• school (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.

アナグラム

• cholos