greatとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: grāt, IPA^(key): /ˈɡɹeɪt/
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɹæɪt/
• (obsolete (1700s)) enPR: grīt, IPA^(key): /ɡɹiːt/^[1]
• (Early Modern English (1500s, 1600s)) IPA^(key): /ɡɹɛːt/,^[2] /ɡɹet/^[2]
• 韻: -eɪt
• Homophone: grate

形容詞

great (comparative greater, superlative greatest)

1. (augmentative) Large, senior (high-ranking), intense, extreme, or exceptional
   1. Relatively large in scale, size, extent, number (i.e. having many parts または members) or duration (i.e. relatively long); very big.

      A great storm is approaching our shores.

      a great assembly

      a great wait

      • 1922, Ben Travers, chapter 1, in A Cuckoo in the Nest‎^[2]:

        “[…] the awfully hearty sort of Christmas cards that people do send to other people that they don't know at all well. You know. The kind that have mottoes like // Here's rattling good luck and roaring good cheer, / With lashings of food and great hogsheads of beer. […]”

      • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 7, in The China Governess‎^[3]:

        ‘Children crawled over each other like little grey worms in the gutters,’ he said. ‘The only red things about them were their buttocks and they were raw. Their faces looked as if snails had slimed on them and their mothers were like great sick beasts whose byres had never been cleared. […]’

      • 2013 July 19, Timothy Garton Ash, “Where Dr Pangloss meets Machiavelli”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 18:

        Hidden behind thickets of acronyms and gorse bushes of detail, a new great game is under way across the globe. Some call it geoeconomics, but it's geopolitics too. The current power play consists of an extraordinary range of countries simultaneously sitting down to negotiate big free trade and investment agreements.

   2. Title referring to an important leader.

      Alexander the Great

   3. Of larger size or more importance than others of its kind.

      the great auk

      • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Daniel 2:48:

        So the King made Daniel a great man […]

      • c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merry Wiues of Windsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv]:

        He doth object I am too great of birth.

   4. (informal) Very good; excellent; wonderful; fantastic. [from 1848]

      Dinner was great.

      • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

        He was thinking; but the glory of the song, the swell from the great organ, the clustered lights, […], the height and vastness of this noble fane, its antiquity and its strength—all these things seemed to have their part as causes of the thrilling emotion that accompanied his thoughts.

   5. (informal, Britain) Intensifying a word or expression, used in mild oaths.

      a dirty great smack in the face

      Great Scott!

2. (qualifying nouns of family relationship) Involving more generations than the qualified word implies — as many extra generations as repetitions of the word great (from 1510s). [see Derived terms]

   great-grandfather, great-great-grandfather, great-great-great-grandfather

3. (obsolete, postpositive, followed by 'with') Pregnant; large with young; full of.

   great with child

   great with hope

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Psalms 73:71:

     the ewes great with young

4. (obsolete, except with 'friend' かつ similar words such as 'mate','buddy') Intimate; familiar.
   • 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Followers and Friends”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:

     those that are so great with him

5. Extreme or more than usual.

   great worry

6. Of significant importance or consequence; important.

   a great decision

   • 1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     “We are engaged in a great work, a treatise on our river fortifications, perhaps? But since when did army officers afford the luxury of amanuenses in this simple republic?”

7. (applied to actions, thoughts かつ feelings) Arising from or possessing idealism; admirable; superior; commanding; heroic; illustrious; eminent.

   a great deed

   a great nature

   a great history

8. Impressive or striking.

   a great show of wealth

9. Much in use; favoured.

   Poetry was a great convention of the Romantic era.

10. (applied to persons) Endowed with extraordinary powers; of exceptional talents or achievements; uncommonly gifted; able to accomplish vast results; remarkable; strong; powerful; mighty; noble.

    a great hero, scholar, genius, philosopher, writer etc.

11. Doing or exemplifying (a characteristic または pursuit) on a large scale; active or enthusiastic.

    What a great buffoon!

    He's not a great one for reading.

    a great walker

12. (often followed by 'at') Skilful or adroit.

    a great carpenter

    You are great at singing.

使用する際の注意点

Moderating adverbs such as fairly, somewhat, etc. tend not to be used with great. Some intensifiers can be used with some senses of great; for example, a very great amount, a very great man, the party was really great, though not *the party was very great.

同意語

• (augmentative): grand, super-, supra-, hyper-, ultra-, uber-, macro-, arch-, over-, mega-, giga-, -zilla
• See also Thesaurus:large
• See also Thesaurus:excellent
• gr8, grt (インターネット・スラング, text messaging)

反意語

• (very big, large scale): tiny
• (uncommonly gifted): mediocre, ordinary

派生語

派生した語

• → Welsh: grêt

間投詞

great

1. Expression of gladness and content about something.

   Great! Thanks for the wonderful work.

   • 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)

     I am in my new apartment! Great!

2. sarcastic inversion thereof.

   Oh, great! I just dumped all 500 sheets of the manuscript all over and now I have to put them back in order.

名詞

great (複数形 greats)

1. A person of major significance, accomplishment or acclaim.

   Newton and Einstein are two of the greats of the history of science.

   • 2019, Daniel Taylor, Lionel Messi magic puts Barcelona in command of semi-final with Liverpool (in The Guardian, 1 May 2019)[4]

     Sadio Mané wasted a glorious chance in the first half and, late on, Mohamed Salah turned his shot against a post after a goal-line clearance had spun his way. That, in a nutshell, perhaps sums up the difference between Messi and the players on the next rung below – the ones who can be described as great footballers without necessarily being football greats.

2. (music) The main division in a pipe organ, usually the loudest division.
3. (in combinations such as "two-greats", "three-greats" etc.) An instance of the word "great" signifying an additional generation in phrases expressing family relationships.

   My three-greats grandmother.

反意語

• (person of major significance, accomplishment または acclaim): mediocre

副詞

great (not comparable)

1. (informal) Very well (in a very satisfactory manner).

   Those mechanical colored pencils work great because they don't have to be sharpened.

参照

アナグラム

• 'Gater, Gater, Greta, ergat-, grate, retag, targe, terga

語源

From Proto-West Germanic *graut, from Proto-Germanic *grautaz (“big in size, coarse, coarse grained”), from *gʰer- (“to rub, grind, remove”).

Cognate with Old Saxon grōt (“large, thick, coarse, stour”), Old High German grōz (“large, thick, coarse”), 古期英語 grot (“particle”). More at groat.

発音

• IPA^(key): /ɡræ͜ɑːt/

形容詞

grēat

1. great, massive
2. tall
3. thick; stout
4. coarse

語形変化

派生語

• grēatnes

派生した語

• Middle English: grete, greet; girt, gert
  • English: great, (dialectal) gert
    • → Welsh: grêt
  • Scots: great, greet, grete, greit
  • Yola: graat

接頭辞

great-

1. With familial designations, used to denote a removal of one generation

   great-uncle (an uncle of one's mother または father)

   great-grandfather (the father of one's grandfather)

   great-great-grandfather (a grandfather of one's grandfather)

   great-great-great-grandfather, etc.

   (くだけた用法) fourth-great-granduncle, etc. (same as great-great-great-great-granduncle)

   (くだけた用法) fourth-great-grandfather, etc. (same as great-great-great-great-grandfather)

同意語

• grand-